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| 52 weeks (12 months) (80%) or 44 weeks (10 months) (100%) - mother must take first 6 weeks after birth - the rest can be shared with the father
| 54 weeks (12.5 months) (80%) or 44 weeks (10 months) (100%) - mother must take 3 weeks before birth and 6 weeks after birth, father must take 6 weeks at the end of the period - the rest can be shared between mother and father.
| 46 weeks (10.5 months) (80%) or 37 weeks (8.5 months) (100%) shared with mother - father must take a minimum of 4 weeks
| 45 weeks (10.5 months) (80%) or 35 weeks (8 months) (100%) shared with mother - father must take a minimum of 6 weeks or else these weeks are lost as paid leave.
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Revision as of 12:47, 16 January 2007

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Parental leave is the right to take time off work, paid or unpaid, to care for a child or make arrangements for the child's welfare. Often, the term parental leave includes maternity, paternity, and adoption leave.

In most western countries parental leave is available for those who have worked for their current employer for a certain period of time. In the UK, for instance, working mothers are given the right to 26 weeks of paid leave for each child, 6 weeks at 90% of full pay and 20 weeks at a fixed amount. After 1st April 2007, the rules change. If your baby is due after 1st April 2007, mothers are entitled to up to 39 weeks of Ordinary Maternity Leave and a further 26 weeks of Additional Maternity Leave if they meet certain criteria, which may be unpaid.

An example of generous parental leave is Sweden, where all working parents are entitled to 18 months' paid leave per child, the cost being shared between employer and State. To encourage greater paternal involvement in child-rearing, a minimum of 3 months out of the 18 is required to be used by the "minority" parent, in practice usually the father, and some Swedish political parties on the Left argue for legislation to oblige families to divide the 18 months equally between both parents. Norway also has similarly generous leave.

The system in Bulgaria is even more generous, providing mothers with 45 days 100% paid sick leave prior the due date, 2 years paid leave, and 1 additional year of unpaid leave. The employeer is obliged to restore the mother to the same position upon return to work. In addition, pregnant women and single mothers cannot be fired.

There is currently a push to expand paid maternity leave in countries such as Australia and the United States. In 2000, parental leave was greatly expanded in Canada from 10 weeks to 35 weeks divided between the two parents, which can be expanded to a year. In Canada parental leave is paid for by the Employment Insurance system.

Parental leave rights in different countries around the world [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

Africa

Country Paid maternity leave Paid paternity leave Unpaid maternity leave Unpaid paternity leave Restrictions
Algeria 14 weeks 100% 3 days
Angola 90 days 100%
Benin 14 weeks 100%
Botswana 12 weeks 25%
Burkina Faso 14 weeks 100%
Burundi 12 weeks 50%
Cameroon 14 weeks 100% Up to 10 days paid leave for family events concerning workers' home
Central African Republic 14 weeks 50%
Chad 14 weeks 50% Up to 10 days paid leave for family events concerning workers' home
Comoros 14 weeks 100%
Congo 15 weeks 100%
Cote d'Ivoire 14 weeks 100% Up to 10 days paid leave for family events concerning workers' home
Democratic Republic of the Congo 14 weeks 67%
Djibouti 14 weeks 50% (100% for public employees) 10 days family-related leave
Egypt 50 days 100%
Equatorial Guinea 12 weeks 75%
Ethiopia 90 days 100% Five days of unpaid leave in the event of exceptional or serious events
Gabon 14 weeks 100% Up to 10 days paid leave for family events concerning workers' home
The Gambia 12 weeks 100%
Ghana 12 weeks 50%
Guinea 14 weeks 100%
Guinea-Bissau 60 days 100%
Kenya 2 months 100%
Lesotho 12 weeks
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 50 days 50%
Madagascar 14 weeks 100% 10 days of unpaid leave for family events
Mali 14 weeks 100%
Mauritania 14 weeks 100%
Mauritius 12 weeks 100%
Morocco 12 weeks 100%
Mozambique 60 days 100%
Namibia 12 weeks amount as prescribed
Niger 14 weeks 50%
Nigeria 12 weeks 50%
Rwanda 12 weeks 67% Two days
Sao Tome/Principe 60 days 100% 10 days
Senegal 14 weeks 100%
Seychelles 14 weeks flat rate for 10 weeks Four days of paid leave for "compassionate reasons"
Somalia 14 weeks 50%
South Africa 12 weeks 45% Three days paid family responsibility leave
Sudan 8 weeks 100%
Swaziland 12 weeks
Tanzania 12 weeks 100%
Togo 14 weeks 100% Up to ten days of paid leave for "family events directly related to home"
Tunisia 30 days 67% 1 day (private sector), 2 days (public sector)
Uganda 4 weeks 100% 4 weeks
Zambia 12 weeks 100%
Zimbabwe 90 days 60%/75%

Americas

Country Paid maternity leave Paid paternity leave Unpaid maternity leave Unpaid paternity leave Restrictions
Antigua/Barbuda 13 weeks 60%
Argentina 90 days 100% Two days
Bahamas 8 weeks 100% One week family-related leave
Barbados 12 weeks 100%
Belize 12 weeks 80%
Bolivia 60 days 100% of national min. wage + 70% of wages above min. wage
Brazil 120 days 100% 1 day 100% paid (Article 473, section III, of Labor Laws) (edward gonzalez-acosta, The New School)
Canada 55% up to $413/week for 50 weeks (15 weeks maternity + 35 weeks parental leave shared with father) 55% up to $413/week for 35 weeks parental leave (shared with mother)
Chile 18 weeks 100% Article 66 indicates 1 day paid; Law N° 20.047 (2005) increased paternity leave to 4 days paid leave. (edward gonzalez-acosta, The New School)
Colombia 12 weeks 100% Law 755 (2002) appended a paragraph to Article 236 of the Labor Code to indicate that fathers have a leave of 4-8 days. (edward gonzalez-acosta, The New School)
Costa Rica 4 months 100%
Cuba 18 weeks 100%
Dominica 12 weeks 60%
Dominican Republic 12 weeks 100%
Ecuador 12 weeks 100%
El Salvador 12 weeks 75%
Grenada 3 months 100% (2 months), 60% for 3rd month
Guatemala 12 weeks 100% Two days at birth of child
Guyana 13 weeks 70%
Haiti 12 weeks 100% for 6 weeks
Honduras 10 weeks 100% for 84 days
Jamaica 12 weeks 100% for 8 weeks
Mexico 12 weeks 100%
Nicaragua 12 weeks 60%
Panama 14 weeks 100%
Paraguay 12 weeks 50% for 9 weeks Two days
Peru 90 days 100%
Saint Lucia 13 weeks 65%
Trinidad/Tobago 13 weeks 60%-100%
United States 0 weeks 12 weeks 12 weeks
Uruguay 12 weeks 100% Three days paternity leave for civil servants
Venezuela 18 weeks 100%

Asia/Pacific

Country Paid maternity leave Paid paternity leave Unpaid maternity leave Unpaid paternity leave Restrictions
Afghanistan 90 days 100%
Australia 0 weeks 1 year
Bahrain 45 days 100%
Bangladesh 12 weeks 100%
Cambodia 90 days 50% 10 days special leave for family events
China 90 days 100%
Fiji 84 days Flat rate
India 135 days (Central Government) 90 days or 12 weeks in State Governments 100% 15 days for Central Government[6] [7] and a few states like Rajasthan [8] Permitted only for employees with less than two surviving children

[9]

Indonesia 3 months 100% Two days' paid when wife gives birth
Iran 90 days 66.7% for 16 weeks
Iraq 62 days 100%
Israel 12 weeks 75%
Japan 14 weeks 60%
Jordan 10 weeks 100%
Korea, Republic of 60 days 100%
Kuwait 70 days 100%
Laos 90 days 100%
Lebanon 40 days 100%
Malaysia 60 days 100%
Mongolia 101 days -
Myanmar 12 weeks 66.7% Six days of "casual leave" that can be used by fathers to assist their spouses at the time of confinement
Nepal 52 days 100%
New Zealand 14 weeks 38 weeks Fathers can share unpaid (extended) leave with the mother of the child.
Pakistan 12 weeks 100%
Papua New Guinea 0 6 weeks
Philippines 60 days 100% Seven days paid paternity leave for married workers
Qatar 40-60 days 100% for civil servants
Saudi Arabia 10 weeks 50% or 100% One day
Singapore 8 weeks 100%
Solomon Islands 12 weeks 25%
Sri Lanka 12 weeks 100%
Syria 75 days 100%
Thailand 90 days 100% for 45 days then 50% for 45 days
United Arab Emirates 45 days 100%
Vietnam 4-6 months 100%
Yemen 60 days 100%

Europe

Country Paid maternity leave Paid paternity leave Unpaid maternity leave Unpaid paternity leave Restrictions
Austria 16 weeks 100%
Belarus 126 days 100%
Belgium 15 weeks 82% for 30 days, 75%* thereafter
Bulgaria 120-180 days 100%
Cyprus 16 weeks 75%
Denmark 18 weeks 100% (32 more weeks may be taken by either parent) 14 days paid paternity leave
Estonia 455 calendar days (100%) [citation needed] 14 calendar days 3 years
Finland 105 days 80%, followed by share of 158 days with father 18 days, can share 158 days with mother after maternity leave Until child turns 3
France 16 weeks (100%) rising to 26 weeks (100%) for third child 2 weeks Share of 104 weeks (2 years) with father Share of 104 weeks (2 years) with mother
Germany 14 weeks (100%) 6 before birth 0 weeks Share of 156 weeks (3 years) with father Share of 156 weeks (3 years) with mother Must have private health insurance for part of paid leave, rest of paid leave paid by employer
Greece 16 weeks 75%
Hungary 24 weeks 100% Five days
Iceland 90 days 80% up to a ceiling of Íkr480,000 (€5,300, $6,700) monthly (minimum monthly payment Íkr 91,200 (€1000, $1,275)

+ 90 days to be shared between the parents

As for the mother 13 weeks 13 weeks Parents must have been working for a period of 6 months prior to taking the leave. Entitlement expires on the child's eighth birthday.
Ireland 22 weeks (26 weeks from March 2007) [1] 0 14 weeks that can be shared with father (16 weeks from March 2007) [2] 14 weeks that can be shared with mother (16 weeks from March 2007)
Italy 22 weeks (5 months) (80%) 2 before birth 13 weeks (3 months) (80%) Maximum 26 weeks (6 months) (total for both parents maximum 44 weeks (10 months)) Maximum 26 weeks (6 months) (total for both parents maximum 44 weeks (10 months)) For paid leave, job contract must include social contributions (INPS)
Latvia 10 calendar days
Liechtenstein 8 weeks 80%
Luxembourg 16 weeks 100%
Malta 13 weeks 100%
Netherlands 16 weeks 100% 3 days 100% 13 weeks 100% 13 weeks 100% For unpaid leave you have have worked for an employer for over 1 year. Unpaid leave for children under 8.
Norway 54 weeks (12.5 months) (80%) or 44 weeks (10 months) (100%) - mother must take 3 weeks before birth and 6 weeks after birth, father must take 6 weeks at the end of the period - the rest can be shared between mother and father. 45 weeks (10.5 months) (80%) or 35 weeks (8 months) (100%) shared with mother - father must take a minimum of 6 weeks or else these weeks are lost as paid leave. 0 0
Poland 16-18 weeks 100%
Portugal 120 days 100% 
       150 days 	 80%
Five days plus two weeks. Of the maternity leave, 6 weeks is compulsory. The father may take the rest of the time the mother would have been entitled to.
Romania 112 days 50%-94% Five days
Russia 140 days 100%
Slovenia 90 days
Spain 16 weeks 100%
Sweden 480 days (16 months) (80% up to a ceiling the first 390 days, 90 days at flat rate) - shared with father (minimum 60 days) 480 days (16 months) (80% up to a ceiling the first 390 days, 90 days at flat rate) - shared with mother (minimum 60 days)
Switzerland 16 weeks (100%), 8 weeks mandatory None None None Pregnant women can't be fired
Turkey 12 weeks 66.7% Three days paternity leave in the public sector
Ukraine 126 days 100%
United Kingdom 6 weeks (90%) 20 weeks at a fixed amount (as of March 2006 = £108.85) 2 weeks at a fixed amount (as of March 2006 = £108.85) 26 weeks 0 For paid leave must have paid social contributions (National Insurance) for 26 weeks or more before the 15th week before the due date. Must give employer notice. Both parents can have additional 13 weeks unpaid leave per year if they have worked for an employer for over 1 year for a child under 6.

References and footnotes

  1. ^ All of the above tables are compiled from http://www.apesma.asn.au/women/maternity_leave_around_the_world.asp (compiled June 2001), with additional information in the European table from http://ec.europa.eu/eures/home.jsp?lang=en (taken from this page in Feb 2006) and http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4837422.stm (March 2006).
  2. ^ Paternal leave rights compiled from International Labour Organization site at http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/condtrav/family/reconcilwf/specialleave.htm copyrighted 2006. This site does not list the amount paid for paid leave. Where information from the International Labour Organization disagreed with http://ec.europa.eu/eures/home.jsp?lang=en, the EU site has been given precedence
  3. ^ Please note that when entries are not listed in the table, it is because they were not known and not that they do not exist.
  4. ^ Information on Icelandic parental leave from http://www.althingi.is/lagas/132a/2000095.html
  5. ^ Information on Swedish parental leave from http://www.forsakringskassan.se/
  6. ^ No. 13018/1/97-Estt.(L) Government of India Ministry of Personnel, P.G. & Pensions (Department of Personnel & Training) NEW DELHI, Dated 7th October, 1997.
  7. ^ http://persmin.nic.in/estt/leave2.htm
  8. ^ http://www.hindu.com/2004/12/01/stories/2004120106890500.htm
  9. ^ GO.No 237 Personnel Department dated 29.06.1993

See also

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