List of the wettest tropical cyclones by country: Difference between revisions
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This is a '''list of wettest tropical cyclones by country,''' using all known available sources. Data is most complete for [[Australia]], [[Cuba]], the [[Dominican Republic]], [[Japan]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Mexico]], [[Taiwan]], Yap, Chuuk, and the [[United States]], with fragmentary data available for other countries. The |
This is a '''list of wettest tropical cyclones by country,''' using all known available sources. Data is most complete for [[Australia]], [[Cuba]], the [[Dominican Republic]], [[Japan]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Mexico]], [[Taiwan]], Yap, Chuuk, and the [[United States]], with fragmentary data available for other countries. The [[Overseas_department|French possession]] of [[Réunion]] holds several world records for tropical cyclone rainfall, due to the rough topography and its proximity to the Indian ocean. |
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[[Image:Global tropical cyclone tracks-edit2.jpg|thumb|250px|A map of all tropical cyclone tracks, encompassing the period between the years 1985 and 2005.]] |
[[Image:Global tropical cyclone tracks-edit2.jpg|thumb|250px|A map of all tropical cyclone tracks, encompassing the period between the years 1985 and 2005.]] |
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==[[Australia]]== |
==[[Australia]]== |
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⚫ | The mountainous island of |
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⚫ | Tropical Cyclone Gamede (February 24-28, 2007): World record for 72 hours ({{convert|3929|mm|in}}) set at Commerson Crater. Gamede also holds the world record for accumulated rainfall through nine days.<ref>[http://www.webcitation.org/5NWTMO1cn WebCite query result<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
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⚫ | During late January 2002, Tropical Cyclone Dinah dropped significant rains on the island. The highest amounts were {{convert|1360|mm|in}} over a 48 hour period at the Bellecombe resting place (a volcano lodge) and a {{convert|745.2|mm|in}} storm total at Pierrefonds.<ref name="PADGETTJAN2002">{{cite web | url = http://australiasevereweather.com/cyclones/2002/summ0201.htm | title = Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary January 2002 | accessdate = 2007-01-16 | last = Padgett | first = Gary | date = 2006-12-27 | work = Australian Severe Weather Index | publisher = Jimmy Deguara }}</ref> |
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==Madagascar== |
==Madagascar== |
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⚫ | The mountainous island of Réunion has experienced some of the highest rainfall totals from tropical cyclones around the world.<ref>Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. [http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/E4.html Subject: E4) What are the largest rainfalls associated with tropical cyclones?] Retrieved on [[2007-01-27]].</ref> Three tropical cyclones have staked their place in rainfall history: |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | Tropical Cyclone Gamede (February 24-28, 2007): World record for 72 hours ({{convert|3929|mm|in}}) set at Commerson Crater. Gamede also holds the world record for accumulated rainfall through nine days.<ref>[http://www.webcitation.org/5NWTMO1cn WebCite query result<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
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⚫ | During late January 2002, Tropical Cyclone Dinah dropped significant rains on the island. The highest amounts were {{convert|1360|mm|in}} over a 48 hour period at the Bellecombe resting place (a volcano lodge) and a {{convert|745.2|mm|in}} storm total at Pierrefonds.<ref name="PADGETTJAN2002">{{cite web | url = http://australiasevereweather.com/cyclones/2002/summ0201.htm | title = Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary January 2002 | accessdate = 2007-01-16 | last = Padgett | first = Gary | date = 2006-12-27 | work = Australian Severe Weather Index | publisher = Jimmy Deguara }}</ref> |
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==Singapore, South China Sea== |
==Singapore, South China Sea== |
Revision as of 20:37, 6 May 2008
This is a list of wettest tropical cyclones by country, using all known available sources. Data is most complete for Australia, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Japan, Hong Kong, Mexico, Taiwan, Yap, Chuuk, and the United States, with fragmentary data available for other countries. The French possession of Réunion holds several world records for tropical cyclone rainfall, due to the rough topography and its proximity to the Indian ocean.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Global_tropical_cyclone_tracks-edit2.jpg/250px-Global_tropical_cyclone_tracks-edit2.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/TC_Steve_27_feb_2000_0105Z.jpg/250px-TC_Steve_27_feb_2000_0105Z.jpg)
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Australia | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1411 mm | 55.55 inches | Mackay Cyclone 1918 | Mackay |
2 | 1318 mm | 51.89 inches | Wanda 1974 | Mt. Glorious[1] |
3 | 1140 mm | 44.88 inches | Peter 1979 | Mt. Bellenden Ker[2] |
4 | 927 mm | 36.50 inches | April 1898 cyclone | Whim Creek[3] |
5 | 907 mm | 35.71 inches | Feb. 1893 cyclone | Crohamhurst[1] |
6 | 900 mm | 35.43 inches | Feb 1954 cyclone | Springbrook[1] |
7 | 759 mm | 29.88 inches | Grace 2004 | Topaz[4] |
8 | 635 mm | 25.00 inches | March 1949 cyclone | Yeppoon[5] |
9 | 616 mm | 24.25 inches | Bessie 1964 | La Grange/Bidyadanga[3] |
10 | 600 mm | 23.62 inches | Joan 1975 | Tom Price[3] |
Christmas Island
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cyclone_Jacob_2006-07.jpg/250px-Cyclone_Jacob_2006-07.jpg)
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Christmas Island | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 102.4 mm | 4.03 inches | Jacob 2007 | [6] |
Cocos Islands
Wettest known tropical cyclones in the Cocos Islands | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 298.0 mm | 11.73 inches | Pedro 1989 | [7] |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Noel_01_nov_2007_1815Z.jpg/250px-Noel_01_nov_2007_1815Z.jpg)
Wettest known tropical cyclones in the Bahamas | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 747.5 mm | 29.43 in | Noel 2007 | Long Island[8] |
2 | 321.1 mm | 12.64 in | Michelle 2001 | Nassau[9] |
3 | 309.4 mm | 12.18 in | Erin 1995 | Church Grove[10] |
4 | 236.7 mm | 9.32 in | Floyd 1999 | Little Harbor Abacos[11] |
5 | 138.9 mm | 5.47 in | Frances 2004 | San Salvador[12] |
6 | 101.6 mm | 4.00 in | Dennis 1999 | Cat Island[13] |
7 | 101.6 mm | 4.00 in | Klaus 1990 | Grand Turk[14] |
Bangladesh
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/MonsoonDepression2004091600.jpg/250px-MonsoonDepression2004091600.jpg)
Bangladesh has been the scene of the most epic tropical cyclone casualties in recent times. The country is quite flat and generally lies near sea level.
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Bangladesh | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 280 mm | 11.02 inches | Monsoon Depression - Sep. 2004 | Barisal[15] |
2 | 227.2 mm | 8.94 inches | Trop. Depression - Oct. 2004 | Rangpur[16] |
3 | 53 mm | 2.13 inches | Akash 2007 | [17] |
Belize
This country has terrain mainly across its southern sections, with elevations up to about 3,700 feet (1,100 m).[18] The highest reported rainfall in what was formerly British Honduras occurred during Hurricane Keith in 2000 when 32.67 inches (830 mm) of rain fell in a 24 hour period at Phillip Goodson International Airport in Belize City.[19] It should be noted that equally heavy rains could have fallen during Hurricane Hattie/Simone/Inga of 1961 and Hurricane Fifi of 1974.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Hurricane_Keith_30_sept_2000_2227Z.jpg/250px-Hurricane_Keith_30_sept_2000_2227Z.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Belize Highest recorded rainfall totals since 1978 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 829.8 mm | 32.67 in | Keith 2000 | Phillip Goodson Int'l Airport[19] |
2 | 246.0 mm | 9.69 in | Mitch 1998 | Central Farm Meteorological Station[20] |
3 | 179.0 mm | 7.05 in | Greta 1978 | Central Farm Meteorological Station[20] |
4 | 131.0 mm | 5.16 in | Hermine 1980 | Central Farm Meteorological Station[20] |
5 | 68.0 mm | 2.68 in | Opal 1995 | Central Farm Meteorological Station[20] |
6 | 59.0 mm | 2.32 in | Kyle 1996 | Central Farm Meteorological Station[20] |
Bermuda
Bermuda has not historically received overwhelming rains out of tropical cyclones. This could be because of the rapid pace storms usually pass the island and the lack of mountains on the island.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/TS_Cristobal_08_aug_2002_1302Z.jpg/250px-TS_Cristobal_08_aug_2002_1302Z.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Bermuda Highest recorded rainfall totals since 1939 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | |
1 | 186.7 mm | 7.35 in | October 1939 Hurricane[21] |
2 | 151.4 mm | 5.96 in | Cristobal 2002 |
3 | 148.0 mm | 5.86 in | Nicole 2004[22] |
4 | 126.2 mm | 4.97 in | Franklin 2005 |
5 | 124.0 mm | 4.88 in | Harvey 2005[23] |
6 | 123.2 mm | 4.85 in | September 1948 Hurricane[21] |
7 | 115.3 mm | 4.54 in | Alice 1973[24] |
8 | 113.5 mm | 4.47 in | Gustav 2002[25] |
9 | 80.0 mm | 3.15 in | Karen 2001[26] |
10 | 75.9 mm | 2.99 in | Edna 1953[21] |
Cambodia
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Tropical_Storm_Linda_%28WPac%29_1997.jpg/250px-Tropical_Storm_Linda_%28WPac%29_1997.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Cambodia Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 404.1 mm | 15.91 in | Linda 1997 | Kompot[27] |
2 | 30.5 mm | 1.20 in | Faith 1998 | Kompong Cham[28] |
Canada
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Harvey1999092306GOES8IR.jpg)
Tropical cyclones are usually in transition to extratropical cyclones by the time they reach Atlantic Canada, though occasionally they retain their tropical status. No tropical cyclone has ever hit Canada's Pacific coast.
Wettest tropical cyclones (and their remnants) in Canada Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 302.0 mm | 11.89 in | Harvey 1999 | Oxford[29] |
2 | 249.9 mm | 9.84 in | Beth 1971 | Halifax[30] |
3 | 213.6 mm | 8.41 in | Hazel 1954 | Snelgrove[31] |
4 | 200.4 mm | 7.89 in | Chantal 2007 | Argentia[32] |
5 | 191.0 mm | 7.52 in | Bertha 1990 | Hunters Mountain[33] |
6 | 175.0 mm | 6.90 in | Gabrielle 2001 | St. John's[34] |
7 | 136.7 mm | 5.38 in | Hortense 1996 | Beaver Island[35] |
8 | 131.0 mm | 5.16 in | Erin 2001 | Sagona Island[36] |
9 | 108.0 mm | 4.25 in | Gustav 2002 | Lyon's Brook[37] |
10 | 87.9 mm | 3.46 in | Ophelia 2005 | Cape Sable Island[38] |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Isidore_AMO2002265_lrg.jpg/250px-Isidore_AMO2002265_lrg.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in the Cayman Islands Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 794.8 mm | 31.29 inches | Pinar del Río Hurricane of 1944 | Grand Cayman Island[39] |
2 | 577 mm | 22.72 inches | Alberto 2006 | Owen Roberts International airport |
3 | 552.2 mm | 21.74 inches | Isidore 2002 | Cayman Brac[40] |
4 | 308.4 mm | 12.14 inches | Ivan 2004 | Grand Cayman Island[41] |
China
China is a mountainous country, which leads to rapid dissipation of cyclones that move inland as well as significant amounts of rain from those dissipating cyclones. Typhoon Nina (1975) caused the collapse of two huge reservoirs and ten smaller dams when 1062 mm/41.81 inches fell in Henan Province during a 24 hour period, which is the record for Mainland China. Typhoon Sam of the 1999 Pacific typhoon season became the wettest known tropical cyclone to impact Hong Kong since records began in 1884, breaking a 73 year old record.[42] The mountainous island of Taiwan province sees extreme rains from tropical cyclones, particularly in its central mountain range. Precipitation associated with tropical cyclones and their remains can bring snow to Tibet. An early October 2004 tropical depression brought daily precipitation of 60 mm/2.4 inches liquid equivalent to Che-Ku County in the form of heavy snow, which was a new October daily precipitation record for both rain and snow. This led to a loss of 340,000 kg of food, 230,000 kg of forage grass, and 263 livestock in the snowstorm.[16]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Chanchu_2006-05-16_0540Z.jpg/250px-Chanchu_2006-05-16_0540Z.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Mainland China Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1062.0 mm | 41.81 inches | Nina 1975 | |
2 | 831.1 mm | 32.72 inches | Fitow 2001 | [43] |
3 | 703.5 mm | 27.70 inches | Rananim/Karen 2004 | [44] |
4 | 555.0 mm | 21.85 inches | Chanchu/Caloy 2006 | [45] |
5 | 355.6 mm | 14.00 inches | Tasha 1990 | [46] |
6 | 343.0 mm | 13.50 inches | Imbudo 2003 | Hepu[47] |
7 | 309.7 mm | 12.19 inches | Jelawat/Domeng 2006 | Haikou[48] |
8 | 250.8 mm | 9.87 inches | Haima 2004 | Pingtan/Fuzhou City[49] |
9 | 190.5 mm | 7.50 inches | Hope 1989 | [50] |
10 | 106.3 mm | 4.19 inches | Nanmadol 2004 | Dachen Dao[51] |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Typhoon_Sam_1999.jpg/250px-Typhoon_Sam_1999.jpg)
Hong Kong
Wettest tropical cyclones in Hong Kong, 1884-2005 (1940-1946 missing) Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 616.5 mm | 24.27 inches | Sam 1999 | [52] |
2 | 597.0 mm | 23.50 inches | July 1926 Typhoon | [52] |
3 | 562.0 mm | 22.13 inches | June 1916 Typhoon | [52] |
4 | 530.7 mm | 20.89 inches | Agnes 1965 | [52] |
5 | 519.0 mm | 20.43 inches | Agnes 1978 | [52] |
6 | 516.1 mm | 20.32 inches | Ellen 1976 | [52] |
7 | 497.5 mm | 19.59 inches | Dot 1993 | [52] |
8 | 491.7 mm | 19.36 inches | Dot 1982 | [52] |
9 | 480.9 mm | 18.93 inches | Helen 1995 | [52] |
10 | 473.2 mm | 18.63 inches | August 1904 Typhoon | [52] |
Taiwan/Taipei
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Typhoon_Herb.gif/250px-Typhoon_Herb.gif)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Taiwan/Taipei Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1736 mm | 68.35 inches | Herb 1996 | Mount A-Li[53] |
2 | 1730 mm | 68.00 inches | Lynn 1987 | [54] |
3 | 1672 mm | 65.83 inches | Carla 1967 | Xinliao[55] |
4 | 1546 mm | 60.87 inches | Aere/Marce 2004 | Matala[56] |
5 | 1431 mm | 56.34 inches | Nari 2001 | [57] |
6 | 1248 mm | 49.13 inches | Gloria 1963 | Baxin[55] |
7 | 1090 mm | 42.91 inches | Nanmadol 2004 | Puluowan[44] |
8 | 984 mm | 38.70 inches | Sepat 2007 | Tianhsiang[58] |
9 | 758 mm | 29.84 inches | Toraji 2001 | Alishan Observatory[59] |
10 | 611.5 mm | 24.07 inches | Haima 2004 | Cheng Kung[49] |
Cuba
Hurricane Flora of October 1963 drifted across Cuba for four days, leading to extreme rainfall across the mountainous island country. During the heaviest 24 hour period of rainfall, 735 mm/28.94" of rain fell at Santiago de Cuba. Total amounts of 2033 mm/80.04" over 4 days and 2550 mm/100.40" over 5 days produced staggering loss of life in Cuba, where over 2000 perished.[60]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Hurricane_Michelle_2001.jpg/250px-Hurricane_Michelle_2001.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Cuba since 1963 Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 2550 mm | 100.39 inches | Flora 1963 | [60] |
2 | 1092 mm | 42.99 inches | Dennis 2005 | [60] |
3 | 1025 mm | 40.34 inches | T.D. #1 1988 | [60] |
4 | 1012 mm | 39.84 inches | Alberto 1982 | [60] |
5 | 870 mm | 34.25 inches | Frederic 1979 | [60] |
6 | 849 mm | 33.43 inches | T.D. #1 1992 | [60] |
7 | 825 mm | 32.48 inches | Laura 1971 | [60] |
8 | 800 mm | 31.50 inches | Irene 1999 | [60] |
9 | 754 mm | 29.69 inches | Michelle 2001 | [60] |
10 | 747 mm | 29.41 inches | Lili 1996 | [60] |
The islands of the eastern Caribbean are constantly threatened by tropical storms and hurricanes, mainly between August and October. Dominica is a rugged island, with spots of elevation as high as nearly 4,750 feet (1,450 m).[61] As Hurricane Jeanne moved through the region, 422.3 millimetres (16.63 in) of rain fell during the 24 hour period ending on the morning of September 15, 2004.[15]
Dominican Republic
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Ivan_2004-09-13_1555Z.jpg/250px-Ivan_2004-09-13_1555Z.jpg)
This country, taking up two-thirds of Hispaniola, has some of the highest terrain surrounding the Caribbean Sea, with Pico Duarte peaking at 10,700 feet (3,300 m) above sea level.[62] Most of the tropical cyclone rainfall totals on the list below are 24 hour maxima, which likely underrepresent the storm total.
Wettest known tropical cyclones in the Dominican Republic Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 905.0 mm | 35.63 inches | Noel 2007 | Angelina[63] |
2 | 507.8 mm | 19.99 inches | Cleo 1964 | Polo[64] |
3 | 479.8 mm | 18.89 inches | Inez 1966 | Polo[65] |
4 | 445.5 mm | 17.54 inches | Hurricane Four 1944 | Hondo Valle[64] |
5 | 391.4 mm | 15.41 inches | Hurricane Five 1935 | Barahona[66] |
6 | 350.0 mm | 13.78 inches | T.S. One 1948 | Bayaguana[67] |
7 | 300.3 mm | 11.82 inches | Ivan 2004 | Santo Domingo[15] |
8 | 292.2 mm | 11.50 inches | David 1979 | Monte Plata[68] |
9 | 280.4 mm | 11.04 inches | Hurricane 4 of 1935 | La Romana[65] |
10 | 264.3 mm | 10.41 inches | Flora 1963 | V. Altagracia[66] |
Chuuk
Elevations of the islands surrounding Chuuk lagoon reach a height of about 1,450 feet (440 m).[69] Typhoon Chataan led to excessive rainfall on this island from June 23-July 3 of 2002, when a total of 939 mm/36.96 inches fell. During the time frame when Chataan was declared a tropical cyclone from July 1-3, 622 mm/24.49 inches fell, with 506 mm/19.92 inches falling on the 2nd alone at the international airport.[70]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Chuuk Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 939.0 mm | 36.96 inches | Chataan 2002 | Chuuk Int'l Airport[70] |
2 | 447.0 mm | 17.60 inches | Dale 1996 | Chuuk WSO AP[71] |
3 | 427.5 mm | 16.83 inches | Sudal 2004 | Chuuk WSO AP[71] |
4 | 405.1 mm | 15.95 inches | Andy 1989 | Truk WSO Airport[71] |
5 | 381.1 mm | 15.03 inches | Jean 1968 | Truk WSO Airport[71] |
6 | 371.9 mm | 14.64 inches | Karen 1962 | Truk WSO Airport[71] |
7 | 370.6 mm | 14.59 inches | Pamela 1976 | Truk WSO Airport[71] |
8 | 344.7 mm | 13.57 inches | Harriet 1959 | Truk WSO Airport[71] |
9 | 234.2 mm | 9.22 inches | Kulap 2005 | Chuuk WSO AP[71] |
10 | 214.1 mm | 8.43 inches | Pongsona 2002 | Chuuk WSO AP[71] |
Yap
The wettest known tropical cyclone for the island was Ruby in 1982, which drifted in the island's vicinity for several days during its initial development phase.[72]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Ruby1982062512GMS2IR.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Yap Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 594.4 mm | 23.40 inches | Ruby 1982 | Yap Island WSO Airport[71] |
2 | 390.9 mm | 15.39 inches | Imbudo 2003 | Yap Island WSO Airport[71] |
3 | 318.5 mm | 12.54 inches | Winnie 1969 | Yap Island WSO Airport[71] |
4 | 313.9 mm | 12.36 inches | Fern 1996 | Yap Island WSO Airport[71] |
5 | 301.8 mm | 11.88 inches | Wilda 1967 | Yap Island WSO Airport[71] |
6 | 289.1 mm | 11.38 inches | Ophelia 1958 | Yap Island WSO Airport[71] |
7 | 288.5 mm | 11.36 inches | Hope 1985 | Yap Island WSO Airport[71] |
8 | 250.2 mm | 9.85 inches | Georgia 1962 | Yap Island WSO Airport[71] |
9 | 236.5 mm | 9.31 inches | Fran 1976 | Yap Island WSO Airport[71] |
10 | 231.9 mm | 9.13 inches | Faye 1963 | Yap Island WSO Airport[71] |
Fiji
Orography from the volcanic islands of Fiji has led to significant rainfall during tropical cyclone passages, which occur roughly once a year. Tropical Cyclone Ami of January 2003 led to disastrous flooding across the northern and eastern sections of the island group. The coastal side of Vatuwiri on Taveuni Island measured 311 mm/12.24" of rainfall on January 13.[73]
Guadeloupe
Hurricane Marilyn moved directly across the island in mid-September 1995,[74] bringing the highest known rainfall totals to the island from a tropical cyclone.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Marilyn_1995-09-16_1811Z.jpg/250px-Marilyn_1995-09-16_1811Z.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Guadeloupe Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 508 mm | 20.00 inches | Marilyn 1995 | Saint-Claude.[75] |
2 | 466 mm | 17.28 inches | Lenny 1999 | Gendarmerie[76] |
3 | 300 mm | 11.81 inches | Jeanne 2004 | [77] |
Haiti
The mountainous country of Haiti has experienced some of the most powerful hurricanes on record, including Hurricane David. Its three mountain ranges have peaks as high as 8793 feet/2680 meters above sea level.[78]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Gordon1994111400GOE7IR.jpg)
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Haiti Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1447.8 mm | 57.00+ inches | Flora 1963 | [79] |
2 | 582.7 mm | 22.94 inches | Gordon 1994 | Camp Perrin[80] |
3 | 569.7 mm | 22.43 inches | Noel 2007 | Camp Perrin[81] |
4 | 417.6 mm | 16.44 inches | Lili 2002 | Camp Perrin[82] |
5 | 293.6 mm | 11.56 inches | Jeanne 2004 | Camp Perrin[83] |
6 | 141.7 mm | 5.58 inches | Ivan 2004 | Camp Perrin[83] |
7 | 136.4 mm | 5.37 inches | Michelle 2001 | Camp Perrin[84] |
8 | 122.9 mm | 4.84 inches | Ernesto 2006 | Camp Perrin[85] |
9 | 121.2 mm | 4.77 inches | Georges 1998 | Camp Perrin[86] |
10 | 101.1 mm | 3.98 inches | Alpha 2005 | Camp Perrin[87] |
Honduras
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Hurricane_Beta_29_oct_2005_1840Z.jpg/250px-Hurricane_Beta_29_oct_2005_1840Z.jpg)
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Honduras | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 912 mm | 35.89 inches | Mitch 1998 | Choluteca[88] |
2 | 554 mm | 21.82 inches | Beta 2005 | Trujillo[89] |
3 | 244 mm | 9.62 inches | Felix 2007 | Omoa Cortez[90] |
India
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yemyin_2007-06-26_0650Z.jpg/250px-Yemyin_2007-06-26_0650Z.jpg)
India can get struck by cyclones that form in the Bay of Bengal or the Arabian Sea.
Wettest known tropical cyclones in India | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 480 mm | 18.90 inches | Sept. 2004 Monsoon Depression | Shardanagar |
2 | 462 mm | 18.19 inches | Yemyin 2007 | [91] |
3 | 262 mm | 10.31 inches | Oct. 2004 T. D. | Shillong[16] |
Indonesia
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Inigo_05_apr_2003_0625Z.jpg/250px-Inigo_05_apr_2003_0625Z.jpg)
The precursor tropical disturbance of Tropical Cyclone Inigo in April 2003 dropped heavy rainfall in eastern Indonesia. The rainfall caused flash flooding and mudslides, primarily in Flores but also on West Timor[92] and Sumba.[93] In some locations, the depth of the floodwaters reached 5 metres (16 ft). The Oessao River in West Timor exceeded its banks, which flooded seven villages. In Kupang in West Timor, the system destroyed hundreds of homes and large fields of corn, bean, and rice crop. Heavy damage was reported near Ende, where flooding and mudslides destroyed 20 houses and destroyed the roads connecting to East Flores. The city airport was flooded with one meter (3 ft) of water, preventing aerial transportation and which left the city temporarily isolated. In East Flores Regency in eastern Flores Island, the system left 75 destroyed houses, along with 77 severely damaged and a further 56 receiving light damage.[92]
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Indonesia | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 223 mm | 8.78 inches | Inigo 2003 | Larantuka, Flores[94] |
Iran
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Gonu_2007-06-04_0900Z.jpg/250px-Gonu_2007-06-04_0900Z.jpg)
Wettest known tropical cyclones in Iran | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Location | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 74 mm | 2.91 inches | Gonu 2007 | Chabahar[91] |
Jamaica
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Hurricane_Michelle_2001.jpg/250px-Hurricane_Michelle_2001.jpg)
This mountainous island country of Jamaica can get lashed with rainfall by slow-moving tropical cyclones in the western Caribbean Sea. Its interior, the Blue Mountains, reach a height of 7,400 feet (2,300 m) above sea level.[95]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Jamaica Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 2451 mm | 96.50 inches | November 1909 Hurricane | [96] |
2 | 1524 mm | 60.00 inches | Flora 1963 | [79] |
3 | 951 mm | 37.44 inches | Michelle 2001 | [97] |
4 | 721 mm | 28.37 inches | Ivan 2004 | [98] |
5 | 700 mm | 27.56 inches | Gilbert 1988 | [99] |
6 | 691 mm | 27.20 inches | Isidore 2002 | [100] |
7 | 623 mm | 24.54 inches | Dennis 2005 | [101] |
8 | 605 mm | 23.82 inches | Lili 2002 | [102] |
9 | 392 mm | 15.43 inches | Emily 2005 | [103] |
10 | 343 mm | 13.50 inches | Dean 2007 | Ingleside[104] |
Japan
The mountainous island archipelago is constantly struck by typhoons recurving out of the tropics, which are normally in extratropical transition as they pass through Japan. Typhoon Meari/Quinta of the 2004 Pacific typhoon season led to heavy rain at Owase with the highest 24 hour total of 741 millimetres (29.2 in) ending at 1500 UTC on the 29th.[15] Typhoon Saomai in 2000 produced record rainfall at Nagoya, 584.2 millimetres (23.00 in) in 24 hours.[105] Fran of the 1976 Pacific typhoon season holds the national 24-hour precipitation record of 1,174 millimetres (46.2 in).[106]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/SuperTyphoonNabi.jpg/250px-SuperTyphoonNabi.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Japan Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1321 mm | 52.01 inches | Nabi/Jolina 2005 | [107] |
2 | 1243 mm | 48.94 inches | Namtheum 2004 | [108] |
3 | 1174 mm | 46.22 inches | Fran 1976 | [106] |
4 | 905 mm | 35.63 inches | Songda/Nina 2004 | [44] |
5 | 904 mm | 35.59 inches | Meari/Quinta 2004 | [15] |
6 | 711 mm | 28.00 inches | Gladys 1991 | [109] |
7 | 610 mm | 24.02 inches | Megi 2004 | Tomisato[110] |
8 | 584 mm | 23.00 inches | Saomai/Osang 2000 | [105] |
9 | 550 mm | 21.65 inches | Tokage 2004 | Fukuharaasahi[111] |
10 | 545 mm | 21.46 inches | Chaba 2004 | [112] |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Typhoon_Sinlaku_07_sept_2002_0510.jpg/250px-Typhoon_Sinlaku_07_sept_2002_0510.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Okinawa Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 575.6 mm | 22.66 inches | Charlotte 1959 | Naha Air Force Base[71] |
2 | 473.7 mm | 18.65 inches | Cora 1969 | Kadena Air Force Base[71] |
3 | 452.0 mm | 17.80 inches | Sinlaku 2002 | Oku[113] |
4 | 407.2 mm | 16.03 inches | Grace 1961 | Kadena Air Force Base[71] |
5 | 342.0 mm | 13.46 inches | Kujira 2003 | [114] |
6 | 317.8 mm | 12.51 inches | Caitlin 1991 | Kadena Air Force Base[109] |
7 | 257.3 mm | 10.14 inches | Mireille 1991 | [109] |
8 | 254.0 mm | 10.00 inches | Flo 1990 | [46] |
9 | 244.1 mm | 9.61 inches | Irma 1966 | Naha Air Force Base[71] |
10 | 203.2 mm | 8.00 inches | Kinna 1991 | [109] |
Typhoon Rusa caused 409 millimetres (16.1 in) of rain to fall at Naze on August 29-30, 2002.[113] Typhoon Aere dropped 314.5 millimetres (12.38 in) of rain in the 65 hour period ending at 1400 UTC on August 25 at Ishigakihima.[44] Typhoon Agnes in August 1957 dropped 586.2 millimetres (23.08 in) of rainfall on Marcus Island.[71]
Tropical cyclones occasionally threaten this central Pacific island. Hurricane Celeste of 1972 brought 6.21 inches (158 mm) to the isle around August 19.
The Korean Peninsula experiences typhoons regularly. Tropical cyclones which impact southern China also lead to, on average, five heavy rainfall events per year across the Korean peninsula.[115]
North/DPR Korea
Very heavy rains fell across Tongchon and Kosong counties during Typhoon Rusa in 2002, where up to 510 millimetres (20 in) of precipitation fell in a 5-10 hour period.[113]
Wettest tropical cyclones in South Korea Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station= | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 898.0 mm | 35.35 inches | Rusa 2002 | Gangneung[116] |
2 | 660.4 mm | 26.00 inches | Gladys 1991 | [109] |
3 | 590.0 mm | 23.23 inches | Nari 2007 | Jeju[117] |
4 | 491.0 mm | 19.33 inches | Saomai 2000 | [118] |
5 | 332.5 mm | 13.09 inches | Megi 2004 | Wando |
Madagascar
The north end of the island, known as the Tsaratanana Massif region, contains terrain with elevations up to 9417 feet/2880 meters.[119]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Madagascar Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 707 mm | 27.83 inches | Guillaume 2002 | Toamasina[120] |
2 | 246.3 mm | 9.70 inches | Elita 2004 | Vohemar [121] |
Malaysia
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Jelawat_2006-06-28_0030Z.jpg/250px-Jelawat_2006-06-28_0030Z.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Malaysia Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 220 mm | 8.66 inches | Jelawat/Domeng 2006 | Kampung[48] |
Martinique
Martinique is a mountainous island at the fringe of the eastern Caribbean Sea.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Martinique Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 450.1 mm | 17.72 inches | Iris 1995 | [122] |
2 | 332.0 mm | 13.07 inches | Dean 2007 | Fort de France Colson[104] |
3 | 230.1 mm | 9.06 inches | Marilyn 1995 | [123] |
Mauritius, South Indian Ocean
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/TC_Crystal_27_dec_2002_0630Z.jpg/250px-TC_Crystal_27_dec_2002_0630Z.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Mauritius Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 202.8 mm | 7.98 inches | Hennie 2005 | Sans-Souci |
2 | 58.8 mm | 2.31 inches | Crystal 2002 | Providence.[124] |
Mexico
Hurricane Wilma of 2005 drifted over the northeast portion of the Yucatan peninsula for a couple of days, dropping significant rains. A report of 1,576 millimetres (62.0 in) was reported by the Servicio Meteorologicio Nacional in Mexico,[125] which is the wettest known 24-hour rainfall amount ever measured in Mexico. Second on the list is from Tropical Storm Frances in 1998, which accumulated up to 1,019 millimetres (40.1 in) of rain at Independencia in southern Chiapas.[126] Below is a list of the highest known storm total rainfall amounts from individual tropical cyclones across Mexico. Most of the rainfall information was provided by the Mexico's National Weather Service, Servicio Meteorologico Nacional, which is a part of the National Water Commission, Comisión Nacional del Agua.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Wilma_2005-10-19_1640Z.jpg/250px-Wilma_2005-10-19_1640Z.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Mexico Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1576 mm | 62.05 inches | Wilma 2005 | [71] |
2 | 1119 mm | 44.06 inches | Frances 1998 | [71] |
3 | 1098 mm | 43.23 inches | Tropical Depression 11A (1999) | [71] |
4 | 1011 mm | 39.80 inches | Juliette 2001 | [71] |
5 | 950 mm | 37.41 inches | Dolly 1996 | [71] |
6 | 805 mm | 31.69 inches | Gert 1993 | [71] |
7 | 774 mm | 30.49 inches | Isidore 2002 | [71] |
8 | 686 mm | 27.01 inches | Pauline 1997 | [71] |
9 | 676 mm | 26.61 inches | Roxanne 1995 | [71] |
10 | 663 mm | 26.09 inches | Debby/T.D. #17E 1988 | [71] |
Mozambique
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Cyclone_Leon-Eline_22_feb_2000_0411Z.jpg/250px-Cyclone_Leon-Eline_22_feb_2000_0411Z.jpg)
The elevation of the country increases to the west, with mountains on its highest plateau reaching nearly 8,000 feet (2,400 m).[127]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Mozambique Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 502 mm | 19.76 inches | Eline 2000 | Levubu[128] |
2 | 281 mm | 11.06 inches | Delfina 2003 | [124] |
3 | 190 mm | 7.50 inches | Japhet 2003 | [129] |
Myanmar
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/TMD_Depression_02_may_2007_0403Z.jpg/250px-TMD_Depression_02_may_2007_0403Z.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Myanmar Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 343.9 mm | 13.54 inches | T.D. #2 2007 | [130] |
Some of the highest elevations on the planet lie in Nepal, with heights up to 26,160 feet (7,970 m) in the peaks of the Himalayas.[131] During a tropical depression that affected the Indian Subcontinent in 2004, 51.3 millimetres (2.02 in) of rain fell at Kathmandu airport in the 24 hour period ending at 1200 UTC on October 7.[16]
New Zealand
Most tropical cyclones which pass near New Zealand are in extratropical transition (ET), which can enhance their heavy rainfall threat.
Wettest tropical cyclones, and their remnants, in New Zealand Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 900 mm | 35.43 inches | Bola 1988 | [132] |
2 | 425 mm | 16.73 inches | Fergus 1996 | Thames - Coromandel district[133] |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Mitch_1998-10-26_2145Z.jpg/250px-Mitch_1998-10-26_2145Z.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Nicaragua Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1597 mm | 62.87 inches | Mitch 1998 | Picacho/Chinandega[134] |
2 | 181 mm | 7.11 inches | Felix 2007 | Puerto Cabezas[135] |
Niue, Southwest Pacific
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Tropical_Cyclone_Heta_2004.jpg/250px-Tropical_Cyclone_Heta_2004.jpg)
During the passage of Tropical Cyclone Heta in January 2004, the Niue Meteorological Station reported a record 24-hour rainfall of 999.2 millimetres (39.34 in).[121]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Gonu_2007-06-04_0900Z.jpg/250px-Gonu_2007-06-04_0900Z.jpg)
Surrounding desert usually weakens tropical cyclones as they approach from the Arabian Sea.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Oman Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 610.0 mm | 24.02 inches | Gonu 2007 | [91] |
2 | 250.6 mm | 9.87 inches | Cyclone 01A 2002 | Qairoon Hairiti[136] |
Pakistan
Tropical cyclones from the Arabian Sea occasionally wander into Pakistan. Like Oman, the dry air from the surrounding deserts leads to substantial weakening before a tropical cyclone can make landfall. The remains of Onil of October 2004 struck the country as merely a remnant low. However, rainfall amounts of 145 mm/5.71" fell in 36 hours between October 2 and 3rd at Thatta.[16]
Palau
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Typhoon_Mike_11_nov_1990_2221Z.jpg/250px-Typhoon_Mike_11_nov_1990_2221Z.jpg)
Palau consists of a string of islands that is rugged and surrounds a lagoon. Elevations up to 2,060 feet (630 m) exist within the island group.[137]
Wettest tropical cyclones in Palau Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 470.9 mm | 18.54 inches | Marie 1976 | Koror[138] |
2 | 293.1 mm | 11.54 inches | Nathan 1993 | Nekken Forestry[71] |
3 | 281.4 mm | 11.08 inches | Ruby 1982 | Koror[71] |
4 | 248.9 mm | 9.80 inches | Mike 1990 | Koror[46] |
5 | 121.7 mm | 4.79 inches | Dainmu/Helen 2004 | Koror[139] |
6 | 47.8 mm | 1.88 inches | Ewiniar 2006 | Koror[140] |
Panama
Inflow to the south of Hurricane Mitch brought impressive rainfalls to the Panama. Veledero de Tole recorded 695 millimetres (27.4 in) of rainfall between October 22 and October 31 of 1998.
Philippines
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Typhoonmindulevis.jpg/250px-Typhoonmindulevis.jpg)
This Philippines island archipelago is fairly mountainous, with the highest terrain found in Luzon.
Wettest tropical cyclones in the Philippines Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1085.8 mm | 42.45 inches | Utor/Feria 2001 | Baguio City |
2 | 1012.7 mm | 39.87 inches | Mindulle/Igme 2004 | |
3 | 994.6 mm | 39.16 inches | Zeb/Iliang 1998 | Baguio City[139] |
4 | 817.9 mm | 32.20 inches | Elaine 1974 | Baguio City[141] |
5 | 747.0 mm | 29.41 inches | Gordon/Goring 1989 | John Hay AB[50] |
6 | 580.5 mm | 22.85 inches | Thelma/Uring 1991 | Tongonon Geothermal Site[142] |
7 | 523.5 mm | 20.61 inches | Wayne 1986 | Clark Air Force Base[71] |
8 | 487.4 mm | 19.19 inches | Irma 1966 | Clark Air Force Base[71] |
9 | 452.4 mm | 17.81 inches | Olga 1976 | Clark Air Force Base[71] |
10 | 440.4 mm | 17.34 inches | Trix 1968 | Clark Air Force Base[71] |
Pohnpei
This mountainous island lies in the tropical northwest Pacific ocean.
Wettest known tropical cyclones for Pohnpei
Wettest tropical cyclones in Pohnpei Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 247 mm | 9.73 inches | Axel 1992 | [143] |
Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
The mountainous island of Réunion has experienced some of the highest rainfall totals from tropical cyclones around the world.[144] Three tropical cyclones have staked their place in rainfall history:
Unnamed Tropical Cyclone (April 8-10, 1958): World record for 48 hours (2,467 millimetres (97.1 in)) set at Aurere.
Tropical Cyclone Denise (January 7-8, 1966): World record for 12 hours (1,144 millimetres (45.0 in)) and 24 hours (1,825 millimetres (71.9 in)) set at Foc-Foc.
Tropical Cyclone Gamede (February 24-28, 2007): World record for 72 hours (3,929 millimetres (154.7 in)) set at Commerson Crater. Gamede also holds the world record for accumulated rainfall through nine days.[145]
During late January 2002, Tropical Cyclone Dinah dropped significant rains on the island. The highest amounts were 1,360 millimetres (54 in) over a 48 hour period at the Bellecombe resting place (a volcano lodge) and a 745.2 millimetres (29.34 in) storm total at Pierrefonds.[146]
Singapore, South China Sea
Typhoon Vamei of December 20 2001. Only storm to ever hit the island state. ||165.1 mm || 6.50 inches ||
St. Brandon, South Indian Ocean
Tropical Cyclone Darius of New Year's Eve/Day of 2003/2004 passed about 45 miles (72 km) west-northwest of the island. Rainfall over the 24 hour period of closest approach was 135 mm/5.31".[147]
This hilly island is partially owned by France and partially claimed by the Netherlands.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Lenny1999ir.jpg/250px-Lenny1999ir.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in St. Martin/Maarten Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 866.6 mm | 34.12 inches | Lenny 1999 | [148] |
2 | 349.3 mm | 13.75 inches | Jose 1999 | [149] |
3 | 165.1 mm | 6.50 inches | Luis 1995 | [150] |
4 | 85.1 mm | 3.35 inches | Marilyn 1995 | [123] |
South Africa
Tropical Cyclone Eline in February 2000 dropped significant rains on portions of South Africa. The highest amount noted was 480 mm/18.90" at Thohoyandou.[151]
Sri Lanka
A tropical depression in early October 2004 led to heavy rains across Sri Lanka. The maximum was measured at Galle where 117.2 mm/4.61" fell in the 24 hour period ending at 0600 UTC on the 2nd.[16]
Tahiti
Tropical Depression 2F/Tropical Cyclone 8P from December 1998 brought a convergent band of warm-topped convection to Tahiti while lurking 300 mi/500 km from the island. This band was quite efficient at rainfall production, as Station Tiare #2 reported 550 mm/21.65" of rainfall from this rainband.[152]
Takaroa, French Polynesia, Southwest Pacific
During Tropical Cyclone Judy of December 2004, 160 mm/6.30" of rain fell between 0000 and 1200 UTC on the 24th, bringing the 3 1/2 day rain total from the system up to 356 mm/14.02".[153]
Thailand
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Muifa_2004-11-17_0455Z.jpg/250px-Muifa_2004-11-17_0455Z.jpg)
Tropical cyclones occasionally cross the Malay Peninsula from the northwest Pacific into the Bay of Bengal.
Wettest tropical cyclones in Thailand Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 251.5 mm | 9.90 inches | Muifa 2004 | Prachaup Khirikhan[154] |
2 | 220.5 mm | 8.68 inches | T.S. 06W 2007 | [155] |
3 | 199.8 mm | 7.87 inches | T.D. #2 2007 | [155] |
Ulithi, Northwest Pacific
Typhoon Dainmu went near Ulithi in mid-June 2004. A 24 hour rainfall of 102.8 mm/4.05" was recorded at Falalop Island ending at 0000 UTC on the 13th.[139]
United States
Lower 48
Below is a list of the top ten highest storm total rainfall amounts from individual tropical cyclones across the lower 48 since 1950. The remains of Amelia 1978 led to the wettest storm total rainfall amounts of any tropical cyclone to impact the lower 48 over that time frame when it moved into Texas during early August 1978.[71] Most of the rainfall information was provided by the National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, North Carolina.
Wettest tropical cyclones in the lower 48 since 1950 Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1219 mm | 48.00 inches | Amelia 1978 | Medina, Texas[71] |
2 | 1143 mm | 45.00 inches | Claudette 1979 | Alvin, Texas[71] |
3 | 1033 mm | 40.68 inches | Allison 2001 | Northwest Jefferson County, Texas[71] |
4 | 983 mm | 38.70 inches | Easy 1950 | Yankeetown, Florida[71] |
5 | 977 mm | 38.46 inches | Georges 1998 | Munson, Florida[71] |
6 | 932 mm | 36.71 inches | Danny 1997 | Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Alabama[71] |
7 | 756 mm | 29.76 inches | Unnamed 1960 | Port Lavaca #2, Texas[71] |
8 | 707 mm | 27.85 inches | Alberto 1994 | Americus, Georgia[71] |
9 | 695 mm | 27.38 inches | Beulah 1967 | Pettus, Texas[71] |
10 | 686 mm | 27.00 inches | Camille 1969 | West Central Nelson County, Virginia[71] |
Hawaii
This island chain frequently sees rainfall from the remains of former eastern and central Pacific tropical cyclones, but direct impacts of tropical cyclones are infrequent despite its location in the subtropics due to the protective influence of the Central Pacific Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough (TUTT) which normally dissipates systems approaching Hawaii. The highest amount reported statewise was during Hurricane Hiki of 1950, when 1321 mm/52.00 inches fell in the mountains.[156]. More recently, Hurricane Kenneth deposited 305 mm/ 12.00 inches within the 50th state.[157]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hurricane_Kenneth_on_September_18_2005.jpg/250px-Hurricane_Kenneth_on_September_18_2005.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Hawaii since 1950 Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 1321 mm | 52.00 inches | Hiki 1950 | [156] |
2 | 985 mm | 38.76 inches | Paul 2000 | [158] |
3 | 635 mm | 25.00 inches | Maggie 1970 | [159] |
4 | 519 mm | 20.42 inches | Nina 1957 | [160] |
5 | 516 mm | 20.33 inches | Iwa 1982 | [71] |
6 | 476 mm | 18.75 inches | Fabio 1988 | [71] |
7 | 381 mm | 15.00 inches | T.D. 1C 1994 | [161] |
8 | 323 mm | 12.70 inches | Makawao 1906 | [156] |
9 | 305 mm | 12.00 inches | Diana 1972 | [162] |
9 | 305 mm | 12.00 inches | "B" 1967 | [163] |
9 | 305 mm | 12.00 inches | Kenneth 2005 | [157] |
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico has seen dramatic rainfall from tropical cyclones and their precursor disturbances. The most recent tropical cyclone-related deluge was from Hurricane Georges from September 1998, when 775 mm/30.51 inches of rain was measured at Jayuya.[164] The heaviest rainfall noted over the past 30 years was from the precursor disturbance to Tropical Storm Isabel (1985), when 804 mm/31.67 inches fell at Toro Negro Forest.[165] Hurricane Eloise of 1975 dropped 946 mm/33.29 inches of rainfall at Dos Bocas, with 586 mm/23.07 inches falling in 24 hours. Below is a list of the top ten highest known storm total rainfall amounts from individual tropical cyclones across Puerto Rico since 1960. The rainfall information was gathered from the National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, North Carolina.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Georges_1998-09-20_1445Z.jpg/250px-Georges_1998-09-20_1445Z.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Puerto Rico Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 846 mm | 33.29 inches | Eloise 1975 | Dos Bocas[71] |
2 | 804 mm | 31.67 inches | Isabel 1985 | Toro Negro Forest[71] |
3 | 775 mm | 30.51 inches | Georges 1998 | Jayuya[71] |
4 | 662 mm | 26.07 inches | Hazel 1954 | Toro Negro Tunnel [166] |
5 | 653 mm | 25.69 inches | Klaus 1984 | [71] |
6 | 596 mm | 23.48 inches | Hortense 1996 | [71] |
7 | 504 mm | 19.86 inches | David 1979 | [71] |
8 | 447 mm | 17.60 inches | Hugo 1989 | [71] |
9 | 438 mm | 17.23 inches | Noel 2007 | [71] |
10 | 412 mm | 16.23 inches | Donna 1960 | [71] |
Guam
Wettest tropical cyclones in Guam Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 856.0 mm | 33.70 inches | Pamela 1976 | Guam WSMO[71] |
2 | 846.8 mm | 33.34 inches | Alice 1953 | Andersen Air Force Base[71] |
3 | 650.5 mm | 25.61 inches | Pongsona 2002 | University of Guam[167][168] |
4 | 610.4 mm | 24.03 inches | Tingting 2004 | Inarajan Agricultural Station[71] |
5 | 539.5 mm | 21.24 inches | Paka 1997 | Guam WSMO[71] |
6 | 533.0 mm | 21.00 inches | Chataan 2002 | South-central Guam[169] |
7 | 519.2 mm | 20.44 inches | Omar 1992 | Guam WSMO[71] |
8 | 414.5 mm | 16.32 inches | Ida 1969 | Andersen Air Force Base[71] |
9 | 411.2 mm | 16.19 inches | Amy 1971 | Guam WSMO[71] |
10 | 364.5 mm | 14.35 inches | Nabi 2005 | Mangilao[71] |
Northern Marianas Islands
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Soulik_2006-10-14_0156Z.jpg/250px-Soulik_2006-10-14_0156Z.jpg)
The Northern Marianas Islands are an archipelago north of Guam which get impacted by typhoons in the western Pacific on a regular basis. Typhoon Steve dropped nearly 20 inches (510 mm) on Saipan in 1993,[170] making it the wettest known tropical cyclone for the island chain.
Wettest tropical cyclones in the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 488 mm | 19.20 inches | Steve 1993 | Saipan [170] |
2 | 241 mm | 9.50 inches | Seth 1991 | Saipan [109] |
3 | 205 mm | 8.00 inches | Soulik 2006 | Pagan[171] |
American Samoa
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Tropical_Cyclone_Heta_2004.jpg/250px-Tropical_Cyclone_Heta_2004.jpg)
Tropical cyclones impact the island chain with tropical storm-force winds once every three years, on average.[172]
Wettest tropical cyclones, and their remnants, in American Samoa Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement station | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 472.4 mm | 18.60 inches | Samoa T.C. - Jan.-Feb. 1966 | Vaipito[71] |
2 | 445.5 mm | 17.54 inches | Val 1991 | Pago Pago Airport[71] |
3 | 394.7 mm | 15.54 inches | Ofa 1990 | Aasufou[71] |
4 | 359.9 mm | 14.17 inches | Heta 2004 | Aasufou[71] |
5 | 254.5 mm | 10.02 inches | Olaf 2005 | Aasufou[71] |
6 | 212.1 mm | 8.35 inches | Esau 1981 | Aasufou[71] |
7 | 95.5 mm | 3.76 inches | Keli 1997 | Afono[71] |
8 | 80.5 mm | 3.17 inches | Tusi 1987 | Afono[71] |
9 | 56.1 mm | 2.21 inches | Cilla 2003 | Aasufou[71] |
10 | 30.5 mm | 1.20 inches | Percy 2005 | Aasufou[71] |
Vanuatu, Southwest Pacific
Tropical cyclone Ivy in February 2004 led to 254.4 mm/10" of rain at Bauerfield on the 26th.[173]
Venezuela
A few tropical cyclones have skimmed the northern coast of South America over recent decades. Tropical Storm Bret (1993) dropped 339 millimetres (13.3 in) of rain in ten hours at Guanare, Portuguesa, Venezuela.[174]
Vietnam
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/TdpabloIR.jpg)
Wettest tropical cyclones in Vietnam Highest known recorded totals | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Precipitation | Storm | Measurement statio | ||
Rank | (mm) | (in) | ||
1 | 698.5 mm | 27.50 inches | Ira 1990 | [46] |
2 | 610.0 mm | 24.00 inches | TS-06W 2007 | [175] |
3 | 550.0 mm | 21.65 inches | Xangsane 2006 | [176] |
4 | 470.0 mm | 18.50 inches | Eve 1999 | Ky Anh District[177] |
5 | 238.9 mm | 9.41 inches | Chanchu 2004 | Quy Nhon[139] |
6 | 233.0 mm | 9.17 inches | Linda 1997 | Can Tho[178] |
7 | 134.5 mm | 5.30 inches | Pablo 2004 | Thanh Hoa |
See also
- China tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
- Extratropical cyclone
- List of wettest tropical cyclones in the United States
- Mexico tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
- Tropical cyclone
- Tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
- Tropical cyclone rainfall forecasting
- Tropical cyclogenesis
- United States tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
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Related external links
- Camp Perrin, Haiti Rainfall Records
- Hurricane Impacts on Jamaica
- Individual Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Pages for United States
- Individual Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Pages for Puerto Rico/U.S. Virgin Islands
- Major Hydrologic Events in Cuba since 1962
- Maximum 24-hour rainfall totals on Guam 1924-1992
- Maximum amounts in the lower 48 United States by state
- Meteo-France Report on Lenny (1999)
- Mexico's Report on Hurricane Wilma (2005) on their country
- NHC's report on Hurricane Keith (2000)
- NHC's report on Hurricane Lenny (1999)
- NWS Service Assessment for Typhoon Pongsona (2002)
- Pacific ENSO update - 1st quarter 2005
- Typhoon Rainfall Statistics and Forecasting (China)
- United States Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Climatology
- Weather-Rainfall-Cyclones Australia
- World Records for Tropical Cyclone Rainfall
- Deadliest, Costliest, and Most Intense United States Tropical Cyclones From 1851 to 2004
- Are You Ready? Hurricanes