Ploiești: Difference between revisions
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==Natives== |
==Natives== |
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{{For|a list of notable people from Ploesti|Category:People from Ploieşti}} |
{{For|a list of notable people from Ploesti|Category:People from Ploieşti}} |
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* Sports: [[Octavian Belu]], [[Tamara Costache]], [[Adrian Diaconu]], [[Leonard Doroftei]], [[Florina Herea]], [[Valeriu Răchită]], [[Corina Ungureanu]] |
* Sports: [[Octavian Belu]], [[Tamara Costache]], [[Adrian Diaconu]], [[Leonard Doroftei]], [[Florina Herea]], [[Valeriu Răchită]], [[Corina Ungureanu]], [[Nicoleta Onel]] |
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* Arts: [[Paul Constantinescu]], [[Maria Dinulescu]] |
* Arts: [[Paul Constantinescu]], [[Maria Dinulescu]] |
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* Politics: [[Mircea Coşea]], [[Alexandru Dobrogeanu-Gherea]], [[Take Ionescu]], [[Ştefan Gheorghiu (trade unionist)]], [[Corneliu Mănescu]], [[Remus Opriş]] |
* Politics: [[Mircea Coşea]], [[Alexandru Dobrogeanu-Gherea]], [[Take Ionescu]], [[Ştefan Gheorghiu (trade unionist)]], [[Corneliu Mănescu]], [[Remus Opriş]] |
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Revision as of 12:52, 24 May 2009
Ploieşti | |
|---|---|
| File:Ploiesti view.jpg | |
 Location of Ploieşti | |
| Country |  Romania |
| County | Prahova County |
| Status | County seat |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Andrei Volosevici (Democratic Liberal Party) |
| Area | |
| • City | 58.2 km2 (22.5 sq mi) |
| Population (2002)[1] | |
| • City | 232,527 |
| • Density | 3,990/km2 (10,300/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 327,923 |
| • Jan. 1, 2006 | 250,541 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Website | http://www.ploiesti.ro/ |
Ploieşti (IPA: [ploˈjeʃtʲ], older spelling: Ploeşti) is the county seat of Prahova County and lies in the historical region of Wallachia, Romania. The city is located 56 km (35 mi) north of Bucharest. In 2002, it had a population of 232,527, making it the ninth-largest city in Romania.
History
WWII refineries
(monthly metric tonnes):[2]
- Astra Romania (146,000)
- Colombia Aquila (45,000)
- Concordia Vega (110,000)
- Creditul Minier (45,000)
- Dacia Romana (15,000)
- Phoenix (65,000)
- Romana Americana (92,000)
- Standard Petrol Block[1] (36,000)
- Unirea Sperantza (33,000)
- Xenia (22,000)
The town was established in 1596, during the reign of Mihai Viteazul (Michael the Brave). It rapidly flourished as a center for trade and handicraft manufacturing in the 17th and 18th centuries. The road connecting Ploieşti to Braşov was opened in 1864, and the railway arrived in 1882. Many schools and hospitals were built around this time.
In the mid-19th century, the Ploieşti region was one of the world's leading oil extraction and refinery sites. The city is also remembered as the site of the self-styled Republic of Ploieşti, a short-lived 1870 revolt against the Romanian monarchy.
- World War II
- Although badly damaged after the November 1940 earthquake, the city was a significantTemplate:Fn source of oil for Nazi Germany. A target of the Oil Campaign of World War II, Ploieşti was attacked repeatedly, such as during the HALPRO raid, and Operation Tidal Wave. Ploieşti was captured by Soviet troops in August 1944.
Following the war, the new Communist regime nationalised the oil industry, which had largely been privately owned, and made massive investments in the oil and petroleum industry in a bid to modernise the country and repair the war damage.
Demographics
 |
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1810 | 2,024 |
| 1837 |  |
| 1859 | |
| 1884 | |
| 1899 population census | |
| 1912 population census | |
| 1930 census | |
| 1948 | |
| January 7, 1992 census | |
| 1998 |  |
| 1999 | |
| 2000 | |
| 2001 | |
| March 18, 2002 census | |
| 2002 |  |
| 2003 | |
| 2004 | |
| January 1, 2006 estimate | |
Populatia ploiestiului in 2006
The population of Ploieşti went from 56,460, as indicated by the December 1912 census returns, up to 252,715 in January 1992. At the end of the year 2001, the population was slightly reduced to 248,399.
Since the fall of Communism, however, the city's population continues to gently fall due both to emigration and to a declining birth rate.
Ploieşti city 5,844 ha (14,440 acres) is planned to become the nucleus of a metropolitan area which will count some 11 nearby villages, adding around 70,000 new inhabitants to the administrative area.
| Census | Ethnic composition | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Population | Romanians | Hungarians | Germans | Serbs | Jews | Roma | Russians | Greeks | Ukrainians | Others |
| 1930 | 79,149 | 69,139 | 1,591 | 1,307 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| 18 March, 2002 | 232,452 | 225,493 | 234 | 144 | 8 | 64 | 5,870 | 40 | 108 | 15 | 476 |
Economy and transport
After the Romanian Revolution of 1989, Ploieşti has experienced rapid economic growth due to major investments from foreign companies. The city is situated at just 60 km north from Bucharest, with promising infrastructure and many development projects currently underway. Ploieşti is a strong industrial center, focused especially on the oil production and refining industry. Although oil production in the region is declining steadily, there is still a thriving processing industry through four operating oil refineries, linked by pipelines to Bucharest, the Black Sea port of Constanţa and the Danube port of Giurgiu. Ploieşti is also a textile manufacturing center. Ploiesti concentrates many foreign investments: OMV-Petrom, Lukoil, Shell Gas, Timken, Yazaky, Coca Cola, Efes Pilsener, British American Tobacco, Interbrew, . Many retailers like Carrefour, Metro, Selgros, Kaufland, Billa, Bricostore, Praktiker, Intermarche, Profi, Mega Image found in Ploieşti a continuously growing market. In Ploieşti can also be found two McDonald's restaurants, and only one KFC restaurant opened in 2006. The German retailer Tengelmann expects to have some 30 stores this year and has set itself a target of 120 stores by 2010, investing €200 million. To facilitate its growth, Tengelmann built a depot in Ploieşti. With its Interex operation, the French independent retailer Intermarché intends to become a distribution leader in the Balkans. In Romania the first Interex store was opened in June 2002 in the city of Ploieşti.
Unilever has a detergent plant in Ploieşti. By transferring their food production to Ploieşti, the company will concentrate their full activity in Romania to the same location. At the beginning of March 2006, Unilever announced they would invest EUR 3 million to build one production center in Romania, and the construction of the new food plant is part of this plan.[3]
The city expands
The under-developed villages around Ploieşti will go through substantial changes, with derelict dwellings likely to transform into villas and whole agricultural plots nearby becoming new housing districts. With city prices currently reaching hundreds of euros per square meters in all major cities, these plots will be the only alternative in the near future for small investors aiming to be within commuting distance from city centers. Due to the relatively easy process required to obtain planning permission, virtually any plot of land in Romania can be transformed from agricultural to housing. As a result, any land bought in the vicinity of cities is likely to be part of a satellite village in 10-20 years time, with its value likely to increase accordingly. Prices already increased over the past few years and particularly over 2006 for all types of land, but, with current prices still as low as a few Euros per square meter for larger plots, this is yet another guaranteed investment that should be considered.
The city council has also developed a few projects in order to adapt Ploieşti to new economic requests. The projects refer to the housing sector as well as to business sector. Thus, the districts in southern Ploieşti (Mimiu, Bariera Bucureşti) will become available for sale. There is also a planned business district in the Hipodrom-Tatarani area which is expected to detract the infrastructural flow from the city centre.
The developing road infrastructure
Ploieşti is situated on the future highway Bucharest - Braşov, the main path towards the north and west provinces and the Western EU. The Henri Coandă International Airport is just at 45 km distance, and the ski resorts from Prahova Valley can be reached in one hour driving. The lack of motorways and well-built roads in Romania makes transport a challenge, but the situation will change. Rather slowly until now, with only one undergoing motorway and another one ready to start, hopefully faster in the near future, under the scrutiny of the EU, the motorway infrastructure will improve substantially over the next years. Why is this important for housing? Being next to a busy road will have a negative impact on the interest for a property, but being in the middle of nowhere does not make wonders for the price tag of a house, particularly for working couples. The ongoing motorway mentioned above has already had a strong positive impact on the prices nearby the big cities and this is likely to repeat when further motorways will appear on the map. Therefore, buying land in the vicinity of soon-to-start major road developments, either for housing or for industrial projects, is likely to be a very good investment.
Ploieşti is the second railway center in the country after Bucharest, linking Bucharest with Transylvania and Moldavia. The city's public transportation system is run by Regia Autonomă de Transport Ploieşti (RATP) and includes an extensive network ofbuses, trolleybuses and trams/streetcars. Ploieşti's distinct yellow bus fleet is one of the most modern in Southeastern Europe, provides connections to all areas within the city, for a daily average of 150,000 passengers. The municipal roads comprise over 800 streets with a total length of 324 km. East and West ring belts cannot prevent around 5300 vehicles transiting Ploieşti each day. The municipal vehicle park comprised 216 buses, 32 trams and 10 trolleybuses carrying about 70 millions passengers annually. There are 33 bus lines having a total length of 415,46 km; 2 trolley-bus lines having a total length of 19,9 km and 2 tram lines having a total length of 23,8 km.
Culture and education
Ploieşti is home to the Oil & Gas University, Ploieşti Philharmonic Orchestra —one of the top-rated philharmonic orchestras in Romania— and two formerly-First Division football (soccer) clubs (Astra and Petrolul).
There are many cultural and architectural monuments, including the Cultural Palace; the Clock Museum, featuring a collection of clocks and watches gathered by Nicolae Simache; the Oil Museum; the Art Museum of Ploieşti, donated by the Quintus family; and the Hagi Prodan Museum, dating to 1785: the property of a merchant named Ivan Hagi Prodan, it contains elements of old Romanian architecture and for a short time after World War I it hosted the first museum in Ploieşti, "Prahova's Museum".
Politics
The Ploieşti Municipal Council, elected in the 2008 local elections, is made up of 27 councillors, with the following party composition:
Twin Towns - Sister Cities
Ploieşti is twinned with:
Natives
- Sports: Octavian Belu, Tamara Costache, Adrian Diaconu, Leonard Doroftei, Florina Herea, Valeriu Răchită, Corina Ungureanu, Nicoleta Onel
- Arts: Paul Constantinescu, Maria Dinulescu
- Politics: Mircea Coşea, Alexandru Dobrogeanu-Gherea, Take Ionescu, Ştefan Gheorghiu (trade unionist), Corneliu Mănescu, Remus Opriş
- Academia: Liviu Librescu, Nicolae Simache
- Literature: Ion Luca Caragiale, Nichita Stănescu
- Journalism: Cristian Pârvulescu
- Science: Ion N. Petrovici
External links
- Template:Ro icon Interactive map of Ploiesti
- Tramway in Ploieşti
- Template:Ro icon General informations and websites about Ploiesti
Notes and References
- Template:Fnb Sources provide differing estimates regarding Romanian production:
- 1942: The Axis Oil Position in Europe, November 1942 by the Hartley Committee estimated that "Romanian oil fields" contributed 33% of Axis supplies.[5]
- 1944: "Ploesti, thirty-five miles from Bucharest, supplied one-third of all the oil fuel Germany required for war purposes."[6]
- 1999: The fragile, concentrated Bucharest facilities provided "60% of Germany's crude oil supply"[7]
- ^ National Institute of Statistics, Population of counties, municipalities and towns, Jan. 1, 2006 (est.)
- ^ "U.S. Air Force photo" [sic] [diagram] in Gurney, Gene (Major, USAF) (1962), The War in the Air: a pictorial history of World War II Air Forces in combat, New York: Bonanza Books, p. 121
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Bucharest Business Week, Unilever builds factory in Ploiesti, March 10, 2006
- ^ "Radom Official Website - Partner Cities". File:Uk flag.gif
(in English and Polish) © 2007 Urząd Miasta Radom. Retrieved 2008-10-23.
- ^
US Secretary (January 1943). Casablanca Conference: Papers and Minutes of Meetings. Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library; COMBINED CHIEFS OF STAFF: Conference proceedings, 1941-1945; Box 1: Office of the Combined Chiefs of Staff. pp. 40–43, 88, 256.
Brehon Somervell[inside front cover] … DECLASSIFIED … 10/29/73 … U.S. SECRET … BRITISH MOST SECRET … COPY NO. 32[inside back cover]
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ Turner, S.J., F. R. G. S -- maps (1944). Vol. 2 [September 3, 1941—August 15, 1943]. Wm. H. Wise & Co., Inc. p. 986.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help); More than one of|pages=and|page=specified (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Modrovsky, Robert J. 1 August 1943 -- Today's Target is Ploesti: A Departure from Doctrine. p. 4.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help);|format=requires|url=(help); Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)
County seats of Romania (alphabetical order by county) | ||
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