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Revision as of 00:04, 31 December 2009

See also: UEFA European Football Championship, UEFA Champions League, and UEFA Europa League

In European football, the UEFA coefficients are statistics used for ranking and seeding teams in club and international competitions.

The coefficients are calculated by UEFA, who administer football within Europe. It uses three different coefficients:

National team coefficient

Up to Euro 2008

The national team coefficient is derived from the results of the national football team of a nation. Until the end of the Euro 2008 tournament, it has been calculated by dividing the number of points scored (three points for a win, one for a draw) by the number of matches played in the last two qualification rounds of the World Cup or European Championship. Play-off match results are ignored. For some countries only one qualifying round will be taken into account, if they were hosts of one of the last two events.

This coefficient is used by UEFA to determine in which "pot" a national team will be for the qualification tournaments of the European Championship, and the final tournament of the European Championship. Its usage as seeding criteria for the World Cup preliminaries ended when the UEFA executive committee decided to follow FIFA directives and used the FIFA rankings instead for the 2010 World Cup qualifying round draw. Each team in a pot is drawn into a separate qualifying group, thus keeping the bigger teams apart until the later stages of the competition.

If two or more associations have the same coefficient, the following criteria will be applied:

  1. coefficient from the matches played in its most recent qualifying competition,
  2. average goal difference,
  3. average number of goals scored,
  4. average number of away goals scored,
  5. drawing of lots.

From after Euro 2008

On 20 May 2008, UEFA announced the change of the coefficient ranking system.[1][2] Under the new system, teams gain ranking points for each match played in the most recently completed five qualifying tournaments or finals of the World Cup or European Championships.

1) 10,000 points are awarded for each match played,
2) for an outcome of each match an additional 30,000 for winning, 20,000 for winning after a penalty shoot out, and 10,000 for a draw (including forcing, but failing to win, a penalty shoot-out),
3) the finals tournament, or play-offs to determine qualification, are granted extra points, ranging from 6,000 to 38,000,
4) 501 points are earned for a goal scored , and 500 lost for each goal conceded,
5) points are divided by the number of games played,
6) more recent tournaments have double the weighting of the one most distant in time,
7) special arrangements are in place for hosts of competitions, who have therefore not participated in the qualifying tournament.

In the end of 2009, the European rankings were as follows:[3]

League coefficient

Map of UEFA countries, teams from which have reached the group stage of the UEFA Champions League
  UEFA member country that has been represented in the group stage
  UEFA member country that has not been represented in the group stage
  Not a UEFA member

The league coefficient is used to rank the leagues of Europe, and thus determine the number of clubs from a league that will participate in UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League.

The UEFA ranking determines the number of teams competing in the season after the next, not in the first season after the publication of the ranking. Thus, the 2009 ranking determines the proportion in 2010–11, not 2009–10.

This coefficient is determined by the results of the clubs of the leagues in UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League games over the past five seasons. The number of points awarded each season (two for each win by a club from that league, one for a draw) is divided by the number of teams that participated for that nation in that season. This number is then truncated after three decimal places (e.g. 2 2/3 will be truncated to 2.666).

For the league coefficient the season's league coefficients for the last five seasons must be added up. In the preliminary rounds of both the Champions League and Europa League, the awarded points are halved. Bonus points are allocated for:

  • Qualifying for the Champions League group phase. (4 bonus points)
  • Reaching the second round of the Champions League. (1 bonus point)
  • Reaching the quarter, semi and final of both Champions League and Europa League. (1 bonus point)

The bonus points are added to the number of points scored in a season.

Current ranking (2010-11 UEFA competitions)

Correct as of May 27, 2009

Rank
10–11 		Rank
09–10 		Mvmt League 2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 Coeff. CL places EL places
1 1 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — England England 15.571 14.428 16.625 17.875 15.000 79.499 4 3
2 2 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Spain Spain 12.437 15.642 19.000 13.875 13.312 74.266
3 3 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Italy Italy 14.000 15.357 11.928 10.250 11.375 62.910
4 5 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +1 Germany Germany 10.571 10.437 9.500 13.500 12.687 56.695 3
5 4 −1 France France 11.428 10.812 10.000 6.928 11.000 50.168
6 6 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Russia Russia 10.000 10.000 6.625 11.250 9.750 47.625
7 12 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +5 Ukraine Ukraine 8.100 5.700 6.500 4.875 16.625 41.850 2 4
8 9 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +1 Netherlands Netherlands 12.000 7.583 8.214 5.000 6.333 39.130
9 7 −2 Romania Romania 5.500 16.833 11.333 2.600 2.642 38.908
10 8 −2 Portugal Portugal 8.166 5.500 8.083 7.928 6.785 36.462 3
11 11 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Turkey Turkey 5.375 4.000 6.100 9.750 7.000 32.225
12 14 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +2 Greece Greece 6.166 3.333 4.666 7.500 6.500 28.165
13 10 −3 Scotland Scotland 4.750 4.250 6.750 10.250 1.875 27.875
14 13 −1 Belgium Belgium 6.125 5.500 4.700 4.500 4.500 25.325
15 16 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +1 Switzerland Switzerland 2.625 9.375 4.100 6.250 2.900 25.250
16 19 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +3 Denmark Denmark 1.500 3.500 6.125 5.125 8.200 24.450 1 3
17 17 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Bulgaria Bulgaria 2.375 8.750 5.125 2.750 2.250 21.250
18 15 −3 Czech Republic Czech Republic 2.375 4.625 5.750 5.125 2.375 20.750
19 18 −1 Norway Norway 3.500 5.400 2.000 5.400 2.500 18.800
20 20 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Austria Austria 7.625 3.250 1.500 3.200 2.250 17.825
21 21 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Serbia Serbia 4.250 3.250 2.125 2.625 3.000 15.250
22 22 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Israel Israel 3.625 1.500 6.000 2.375 1.750 15.250
23 28 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +5 Cyprus Cyprus 1.333 3.000 1.750 2.666 6.333 15.082
24 23 −1 Sweden Sweden 3.000 2.666 1.125 5.400 2.500 14.691
25 24 −1 Slovakia Slovakia 1.333 4.333 2.000 2.166 4.833 14.665
26 25 −1 Poland Poland 2.500 1.125 2.625 1.666 5.000 12.916
27 27 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Croatia Croatia 3.000 0.333 1.000 3.666 4.333 12.332
28 30 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +2 Finland Finland 1.666 2.333 1.333 2.625 1.833 9.790
29 33 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +4 Lithuania Lithuania 2.500 1.333 1.833 1.500 2.500 9.666
30 35 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +5 Republic of Ireland Republic of Ireland 1.333 1.833 2.833 1.000 2.500 9.499
31 31 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Latvia Latvia 3.166 1.333 2.166 1.333 1.166 9.164
32 29 −3 Slovenia Slovenia 3.500 2.333 1.250 0.666 1.333 9.082
33 40 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +7 Belarus Belarus 0.500 1.333 1.000 1.833 4.000 8.666
34 32 −2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.666 1.500 1.833 1.833 1.833 8.665
35 26 −9 Hungary Hungary 4.166 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 8.166
36 37 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +1 Iceland Iceland 2.500 0.833 1.000 1.166 1.166 6.665
36 34 −2 Moldova Moldova 1.500 1.666 1.500 1.333 0.666 6.665
38 38 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Georgia (country) Georgia 2.666 0.666 1.166 1.000 1.166 6.664
39 39 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Liechtenstein Liechtenstein1 2.000 1.000 2.000 0.500 0.000 5.500 0 1
40 36 −4 North Macedonia Republic of Macedonia 0.333 1.500 1.166 1.666 0.500 5.165 1 3
41 42 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +1 Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 0.500 1.333 1.333 0.666 0.666 4.498
42 41 −1 Estonia Estonia 0.833 0.833 1.500 0.833 0.333 4.332
43 43 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Albania Albania 1.000 1.000 0.833 0.500 0.666 3.999
44 45 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +1 Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 0.000 1.000 0.666 0.750 0.833 3.249
45 44 −1 Armenia Armenia 0.500 0.666 0.500 1.333 0.000 2.999
46 47 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +1 Wales Wales 0.000 0.666 0.666 0.666 0.333 2.331
47 46 −1 Northern Ireland Northern Ireland 0.666 0.500 0.166 0.500 0.333 2.165
47 48 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +1 Faroe Islands Faroe Islands 0.333 0.666 0.500 0.333 0.333 2.165
49 49 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Luxembourg Luxembourg 0.333 0.500 0.166 0.333 0.000 1.332
50 52 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +2 Montenegro Montenegro 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.500 0.500 1.000
51 51 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Andorra Andorra 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.500 0.000 0.500 1
52 50 −2 Malta Malta 0.333 0.000 0.166 0.000 0.000 0.499 3
53 53 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — San Marino San Marino 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.250 0.000 0.250 1

1 The Liechtenstein Football Association does not organise a national league competition. The only competitor from Liechtenstein in international competitions are the Liechtenstein Cup winners, who qualify for the UEFA Europa League. All Liechtenstein teams play in neighbouring Switzerland's league competitions.

History

Premier LeagueLa LigaSerie AFußball-BundesligaSerie AFootball League First DivisionFußball-BundesligaFootball League First DivisionLa Liga

Since 1960, when the first 5-year based coefficients were released, only 4 leagues have succeeded in being the top European league.

The table at the right shows the history of first placed teams in UEFA League Coefficients.

The next table shows the ranking of nations with respect to total number of years leading in Europe:

Rank League Total
1 Spain Primera División 15
2 Italy Serie A 13
3 England Football League
England Premier League 		12
4 Germany Bundesliga 10

Club coefficient

The club coefficient is determined by the results of a club in European club competition in the last five seasons, and the league coefficient. The club coefficient is 33% of the league coefficient plus the number of points earned by the club in the five seasons. Before 2004 the contribution of the country coefficient was 50%. The points earned by a club in the preliminary rounds are not counted.[4]

The clubs get two points for a win and one point for a draw in games of the main stage of European competitions. Participation in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League is rewarded with three points. Reaching every knockout round of Champions League or quarter-finals and every further rounds of UEFA Cup is rewarded with a point.[5] Since the introduction of the UEFA Europa League, clubs participated in the qualifying round and in the play-offs of both competition. Also, points rewarded for participation in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League increased to four points and another four points rewarded for qualifying to round of 16 for both competition.

Round Points awarded
Champions League Europa League
Eliminated in first qualifying round 0.5 0.25
Eliminated in second qualifying round 1 0.5
Eliminated in third qualifying round 0 1
Eliminated in play-offs 0 1.5

Also, a guaranteed minimum of two points is introduced for the clubs which participate in the group stage of Europa League.

This ranking is used by UEFA to determine which pot the club belongs to in the preliminary and first rounds of the Champions League, and the preliminary, first and second rounds of the Europa League.

Before 1999 a number of strong teams in the UEFA Cup were seeded such that those teams do not meet in the first two rounds. To determine these teams, the sum of, the ratio of the number of points achieved to the number of games played by each team, was calculated for the past five years.

The top 20 clubs currently are as follows:[6]

Rank
Current 		Rank
Previous 		Mvmt Club Country 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 Coeff.
1 1 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Barcelona  Spain 32.1284 17.8000 27.7750 28.6625 19.5856 125.951
2 2 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Chelsea  England 15.8855 26.3250 28.5750 25.0000 21.4428 117.228
2 4 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +2 Manchester United  England 10.8855 25.3250 32.5750 28.0000 20.4428 117.228
4 6 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +2 Arsenal  England 29.8855 16.3250 21.5750 22.0000 20.4428 110.228
5 7 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +2 Sevilla  Spain 28.1285 28.8000 18.7750 10.6625 20.5284 106.951
6 2 -4 Liverpool  England 15.8855 27.3250 24.5750 23.0000 11.4428 102.228
7 5 -2 Milan  Italy 24.0710 26.3855 16.0500 14.2750 18.4570 99.239
8 8 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Bayern Munich  Germany 16.0875 18.9000 22.7000 22.5375 18.4500 98.674
9 9 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Werder Bremen  Germany 13.0875 22.9000 15.7000 24.5375 13.4500 89.674
10 10 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Lyon  France 23.1624 17.0000 13.3856 15.2000 20.2000 88.948
11 11 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Internazionale  Italy 22.0710 15.3855 16.0500 13.2750 18.4570 85.239
12 14 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +2 Roma  Italy 17.0710 19.3855 19.0500 16.2750 11.4570 83.239
13 13 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Real Madrid  Spain 15.1285 17.8000 14.7750 14.6625 20.5856 82.951
14 21 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +7 Hamburg  Germany 15.0874 6.9000 18.7000 24.5374 9.4500 74.674
15 19 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +4 Porto  Portugal 8.1000 14.6165 15.5855 17.3570 18.5000 74.159
16 16 File:Yellow-Circle.svg — Shakhtar Donetsk  Ukraine 12.1500 13.3000 7.9750 29.3250 10.1200 72.870
17 12 -5 Villarreal  Spain 22.1285 3.8000 15.7750 18.6625 8.5856 68.951
18 15 -3 PSV Eindhoven  Netherlands 12.5165 16.6425 17.0000 6.2666 11.7166 64.142
19 23 File:GreenUpArrow.svg +4 Benfica  Portugal 17.1000 17.6166 12.5856 4.3570 11.5000 63.159
20 17 -3 CSKA Moscow  Russia 9.0000 11.3250 6.2500 18.9500 16.9666 62.491
  Indicates teams still active in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.
  Indicates teams from active countries which had a team competing in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.

Top club by period

A list of the top-finished clubs in each 5-year period.

Rank Club Total
1 Spain Real Madrid 14
2 Italy Juventus 7
3 Spain Barcelona 5
Germany Borussia Mönchengladbach 5
5 Portugal Benfica 3
England Leeds United 3
Netherlands Ajax 3
Germany Bayern Munich 3
9 England Liverpool 2
Italy Milan 2
11 Spain Real Zaragoza 1
Belgium Anderlecht 1
France Paris Saint-Germain 1
England Chelsea 1

References

  1. ^ "EXCO approves new coefficient system". UEFA. 20 May 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2008.
  2. ^ "New UEFA National Team Coefficient Ranking System" (PDF). UEFA. 20 May 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2008.
  3. ^ "National Team Coefficients Overview" (PDF). UEFA. 2009-11-19. Retrieved 2009-11-20.
  4. ^ "UEFA European Cup Football". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 14 March 2009.
  5. ^ "FAQ". UEFA. 1 July 2005. Retrieved 14 March 2009.
  6. ^ "UEFA Team Ranking 2010". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 17 December 2009.
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