Capric acid: Difference between revisions
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==Pharmaceuticals== |
==Pharmaceuticals== |
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Decanoate salts and esters of various drugs are available. Since decanoic acid is a fatty acid, forming a salt or ester with a drug will increase its [[lipophilicity]] and its affinity for [[fatty tissue]]. Since [[Distribution (pharmacology)|distribution]] of a drug from fatty tissue is usually slow, one may develop a long-acting injectable form of a drug (called a [[injection (medicine)#Depot_injection|Depot injection]]) by using its decanoate form. Some examples of drugs available as a decanoate ester or salt include [[nandrolone]], [[fluphenazine]], [[bromperidol]], [[haloperidol]] and [[vanoxerine]]. |
Decanoate salts and esters of various drugs are available. Since decanoic acid is a fatty acid, forming a salt or ester with a drug will increase its [[lipophilicity]] and its affinity for [[fatty tissue]]. Since [[Distribution (pharmacology)|distribution]] of a drug from fatty tissue is usually slow, one may develop a long-acting injectable form of a drug (called a [[injection (medicine)#Depot_injection|Depot injection]]) by using its decanoate form. Some examples of drugs available as a decanoate ester or salt include [[nandrolone]], [[fluphenazine]], [[bromperidol]], [[haloperidol]] and [[vanoxerine]]. |
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==Use== |
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Manufacturing of esters for artificial fruit flavors and perfumes. Also as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. |
Manufacturing of esters for artificial fruit flavors and perfumes. Also as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. |
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Revision as of 17:28, 24 June 2011
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Decanoic acid
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| Other names | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.798 |
| KEGG | |
PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C10H20O2 | |
| Molar mass | 172.26 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystals with strong smell |
| Density | 0.893 g/cm3, ? |
| Melting point | 31.6 °C (304.8 K) [2] |
| Boiling point | 269 °C (542 K) |
| immiscible | |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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Medium toxicity May cause respiratory irritation May be toxic on ingestion May be toxic on skin contact |
| Related compounds | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Decanoic acid, or capric acid, is a saturated fatty acid. Its formula is CH3(CH2)8COOH. Salts and esters of decanoic acid are called decanoates. The term capric acid arises from the Latin "capric" which pertains to goats due to their olfactory similarities.[3]
Capric acid occurs naturally in coconut oil and palm kernel oil, as well as in the milk of various mammals and to a lesser extent in other animal fats.[2]
It is used in organic synthesis and industrially in the manufacture of perfumes, lubricants, greases, rubber, dyes, plastics, food additives and pharmaceuticals.[4]
Two other acids are named after goats: caproic (C6) and caprylic (C8). Along with decanoic acid, these total 15% in goat milk fat.
Production
Decanoic acid can be prepared from oxidation of primary alcohol decanol, by using chromium trioxide (CrO3) oxidant under acidic conditions in an acetone solvent. This will give decanoic acid in up to 93% yield.[5]
Pharmaceuticals
Decanoate salts and esters of various drugs are available. Since decanoic acid is a fatty acid, forming a salt or ester with a drug will increase its lipophilicity and its affinity for fatty tissue. Since distribution of a drug from fatty tissue is usually slow, one may develop a long-acting injectable form of a drug (called a Depot injection) by using its decanoate form. Some examples of drugs available as a decanoate ester or salt include nandrolone, fluphenazine, bromperidol, haloperidol and vanoxerine.
Use
Manufacturing of esters for artificial fruit flavors and perfumes. Also as an intermediate in chemical syntheses.
References
- ^ http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/ProductDetail.do?N4=W236403%7CALDRICH&N5=Product%20No.%7CBRAND_KEY&F=SPEC
- ^ a b "Lexicon of lipid nutrition (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 73 (4): 685–744. 2001. doi:10.1351/pac200173040685.
- ^ http://www.wordinfo.info/words/index/info/view_unit/371
- ^ http://www.chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/organic/CAPRIC%20ACID.htm
- ^ John McMurry (2008). Organic Chemistry 7th edition. Thompson - Brooks/Cole. Page 624