List of paraphilias: Difference between revisions
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|Sexual arousal based on dressing or being treated like a baby<ref name=DSM/>, also known as autonepiophilia<ref name = Lovemaps/> or "adult baby syndrome"<ref>{{cite pmid | 14594737 }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 16:27, 4 February 2012
This article is a list of paraphilias, paraphilia being a biomedical term used to describe sexual arousal to objects, situations, or individuals that are not part of normative stimulation and that may cause distress or serious problems for the paraphiliac or persons associated with him or her. A paraphilia involves sexual arousal and gratification towards sexual behavior that is atypical and extreme.[1] Some paraphilias have more than one term to describe them, and some terms overlap with others. Paraphilias without DSM codes listed come under DSM 302.9, "Paraphilia NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)".
A 2009 list contains a total of 547 paraphilias, but leads with the statement that "Not all these paraphilias have necessarily been seen in clinical setups. This may not be because they do not exist, but because they are so innocuous they are never brought to the notice of clinicians. Like allergies, sexual arousal may occur from anything under the sun, including the sun."[2]
Paraphilias
Note: "common name" is listed only to ease looking up unfamiliar formal terms; common names are sometimes ambiguous or inaccurate descriptions.
Formal name | Common name | Source of arousal | DSM code |
---|---|---|---|
Abasiophilia | People with impaired mobility[3] | ||
Acrotomophilia | Amputee fetish | People with amputations[4][5] | |
Agalmatophilia | Statues, mannequins and immobility[6] | ||
Algolagnia | Pain, particularly involving an erogenous zone; differs from masochism as there is a biologically different interpretation of the sensation rather than a subjective interpretation[7] | ||
Andromimetophilia | Trans men[3][8] | ||
Anililagnia | Attraction by young men to older women[9] | ||
Apotemnophilia | Having an amputation[4][10] | ||
Asphyxiophilia | Asphyxiation or strangulation[4] | ||
Autagonistophilia | Being on stage or on camera[11][12] | ||
Autassassinophilia | Being in life-threatening situations[4] | ||
Autoandrophilia | A biological female imagining herself as a male[13][14] | ||
Autoerotic asphixiation | Self-induced asphyxiation, sometimes to the point of near unconsciousness[12] | ||
Autogynephilia | A biological male imagining himself as a female[15] | ||
Biastophilia | Rape of an unconsenting person; see also consensual rape fantasy[4] | ||
Chremastistophilia | Being robbed or held up[11] | ||
Chronophilia | Partners of a widely differing chronological age[11] | ||
Coprophilia | Scat | Feces; also known as scat, scatophilia or fecophilia[1][16] | |
Crush fetish | Squashing of animals, food, or other objects | ||
Dacryphilia | Tears or crying[17] | ||
Dendrophilia | Trees[4] | ||
Emetophilia | Vomit[3] | ||
Erotic asphyxiation | Asphyxia of oneself or others[18] | ||
Erotophonophilia | Murder[4] | ||
Exhibitionism | Exposing oneself sexually to others, with or without their consent[1] | ||
Formicophilia | Being crawled on by insects[11][19] | ||
Forniphilia | Human furniture | Turning a human being into a piece of furniture[20] | |
Frotteurism | Rubbing against a non-consenting person[1] | 302.89 | |
Gerontophilia | Elderly people[21] | ||
Gynemimetophilia | Transwomen | Transsexual or transgender women [3][22] | |
Hebephilia | Generally early pubescent children[23] | ||
Homeovestism | Wearing clothing emblematic of one's own sex[24][25] | ||
Hybristophilia | Criminals, particularly for cruel or outrageous crimes[11][26] | ||
Infantophilia | Pedophilia with a focus on children five years old or younger. (Recently suggested term, not in general use.)[27] | ||
Kleptophilia | Stealing; also known as kleptolagnia[3] | ||
Klismaphilia | Enemas[3] | ||
Lactophilia | Breast milk[28] | ||
Liquidophilia | Immersing genitals in liquids[28] | ||
Macrophilia | Giants, primarily domination by giant women or men[28] | ||
Mammaphilia/Breast fetishism | Breasts; also known as mammagynophilia and mastofact.[28] Debate exists on whether the modern widespread sexual attraction to breasts among heterosexual males of western society constitutes a sexual fetish.[29] In clinical literature of the 19th century, the focus on breasts was considered a form of paraphillia, but in modern times this interest is considered normal.[30] | ||
Masochism | BDSM | Suffering; being beaten, bound or otherwise humiliated[1] | 302.83 |
Mechanophilia | Cars or other machines; also "mechaphilia".[31][32][33][34][35] | ||
Menophilia | Menstruation[28] | ||
Morphophilia | Particular body shapes or sizes[12] | ||
Mucophilia | Mucus[28] | ||
Mysophilia | Dirtiness, soiled or decaying things[3] | ||
Narratophilia | Dirty talk | Obscene words[3] | |
Nasophilia | Noses[28] | ||
Navel fetishism | Belly button fetish | Sexual attraction to navels - either their own or someone else's.[36] | |
Necrophilia | Corpses[1][3][37] | ||
Olfactophilia | Smells[3][11] | ||
Paraphilic infantilism | Adult Baby/Diaper Lover (AB/DL) | Sexual arousal based on dressing or being treated like a baby[1], also known as autonepiophilia[11] or "adult baby syndrome"[38] | |
Partialism | Specific, non-genital body parts[1][3] | ||
Pedophilia | Prepubescent children, also spelled paedophilia. Often confused with hebephilia, ephebophilia, and pederasty.[1][39] | ||
Peodeiktophilia | Exposing one's penis[4] | ||
Pedovestism | Dressing like a child[40] | ||
Pictophilia | Pornography or erotic art, particularly pictures[3][11] | ||
Piquerism | Sexual gratification through penetration of another person, most commonly by stabbing or cutting the body with sharp objects. | ||
Podophilia | Foot fetish | Feet. | |
Pygophilia | Buttocks[41] | ||
Pyrophilia | Fire[42] | ||
Raptophilia | Committing rape, possibly consensual rape fantasy[11] | ||
Sacofricosis | Making a hole in a pocket in order to masturbate unobtrusively in public[43] | ||
Sadism | BDSM | Inflicting pain on others[1] | 302.84 |
Salirophilia | Soiling or dirtying others[3] | ||
Sexual fetishism | Nonliving objects[1] | 302.81 | |
Somnophilia | Sleeping or unconscious people[3][11] | ||
Splanchnophilia | Entrails[44] | ||
Sthenolagnia | Muscle worship | Muscles and displays of strength[28] | |
Stigmatophilia | Body piercings and tattoos[4][28] | ||
Symphorophilia | Witnessing or staging disasters such as car accidents[4] | ||
Telephone scatologia | Obscene phone calls, particularly to strangers; also known as telephonicophilia[1][11] | ||
Teratophilia | Deformed or monstrous people[45] | ||
Transvestic fetishism | Cross-dressing | Wearing clothes associated with the opposite sex; also known as transvestism[1] | 302.3 |
Transvestophilia | A transvestite sexual partner[11] | ||
Trichophilia | Hair[28] | ||
Troilism | Cuckolding | Cuckoldism, watching one's partner have sex with someone else, possibly without the third party's knowledge; also known as triolism[12][46] | |
Urolagnia | Piss play | Urination, particularly in public, on others, and/or being urinated on[1][3][11][12] | |
Vampirism | Blood play | Attraction to or involving blood[47][48] | |
Vorarephilia | Vore | The idea of eating or being eaten by others; usually swallowed whole, in one piece[49] | |
Voyeurism | Watching others while naked or having sex, generally without their knowledge; also known as scopophilia or scoptophilia.[1][12] | 302.82 | |
Zoophilia | Bestiality | Animals [1][3][11] | |
Zoosadism | Inflicting pain on or seeing animals in pain[50] |
Technical terms for non-paraphilic sexual interests
- Alloerotic: Sexual attraction to others (as opposed to autoerotic)[51]
- Androphilia: Sexual interest in men
- Analloerotic: Lacking in sexual interests towards others (but not lacking in sexual drive—see asexuality)[15][52]
- Ephebophilia: Sexual preference for individuals in mid-to-late adolescence,[53] typically ages 15–19.[23]
- Gynephilia: Sexual interest in women
- Teleiophilia: Sexual interest in adults (as opposed to pedophilia, etc.)[54]
Homosexuality
Homosexuality and Bisexuality were listed as paraphilias ("sexual deviations" in the original terminology) in early versions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and were removed from the third version.[55][56][57]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. 2000. ISBN 0-89042-025-4.
- ^ Aggrawal, Anil (2009). Forensic and Medico-legal Aspects of Sexual Crimes and Unusual Sexual Practices. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 369–82. ISBN 1420043080.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Milner, JS (2008). "Paraphilia Not Otherwise Specified: Psychopathology and theory". In Laws DR & O'Donohue WT (ed.). Sexual Deviance, Second Edition: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment. New York: The Guilford Press. pp. 384–418. ISBN 1-59385-605-9.
{{cite book}}
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- ^ Money, J (1986). "Acrotomophilia, sex, and disability: New concepts and case report". Sexuality and Disability. 7 (1/2): 43–50. doi:10.1007/BF01101829.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Money, John (1988). Lovemaps: Clinical Concepts of Sexual/Erotic Health and Pathology, Paraphilia, and Gender Transposition in Childhood, Adolescence, and Maturity. Buffalo, N.Y: Prometheus Books. ISBN 0-87975-456-7.
- ^ a b c d e f Seto, MC (2000). "Paraphilias". In Hersen M; Van Hasselt VB (ed.). Aggression and violence: an introductory text. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. pp. 198–213. ISBN 0-205-26721-1.
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- ^ a b Blanchard, R (1989). "The concept of autogynephilia and the typology of male gender dysphoria". Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 177 (10): 616–623. doi:10.1097/00005053-198910000-00004. PMID 2794988.
- ^ Xavier, CM (1955). "Coprophilia: A clinical study". British Journal of Medical Psychology. 28 (2–3): 188–190. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1955.tb00893.x. PMID 14389628.
- ^ Holmes, RM. Sex Crimes: Patterns and Behavior. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. p. 244. ISBN 0761924175. OCLC 48883594.
- ^ Blanchard, R (1991). "Age, transvestism, bondage, and concurrent paraphilic activities in 117 fatal cases of autoerotic asphyxia". British Journal of Psychiatry. 159 (3): 371–7. doi:10.1192/bjp.159.3.371. PMID 1958948.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Jeff Gord Interview". 2007-10-24. Retrieved 2009-05-12.
- ^ Hirschfeld, M (1920). Die homosexualität des mannes und des weibes [Homosexuality in men and women] (2nd ed.). Berlin: Louis Marcus.
- ^ Blanchard, R (1993). "Men with sexual interest in transvestites, transsexuals, and she-males". Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 181 (9): 570–575. doi:10.1097/00005053-199309000-00008. PMID 8245926.
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- ^ Zavitzianos G (1972). "Homeovestism: perverse form of behaviour involving wearing clothes of the same sex". International Journal of Psychoanalysis. 53 (4): 471–7. PMID 4664943.
- ^ Zavitzianos G (1977). "The object in fetishism, homeovestism and transvestism". International Journal of Psychoanalysis. 58 (4): 487–95. PMID 598975.
- ^ Sharma BR (2003). "Disorders of sexual preference and medicolegal issues thereof". Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 24 (3): 277–82. doi:10.1097/01.paf.0000069503.21112.d2. PMID 12960665.
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link). - ^ a b c d e f g h i j Scorolli C, Ghirlanda S, Enquist M, Zattoni S, Jannini EA (2007). "Relative prevalence of different fetishes". Int. J. Impot. Res. 19 (4): 432–7. doi:10.1038/sj.ijir.3901547. PMID 17304204.
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- ^ Goldscheider, Glazier, Flowerday, 2003. (p. 58).
- ^ Daily News. New York http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/2008/05/23/2008-05-23_man_whos_had_sex_with_1000_cars_gives_ne.html.
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- ^ The American Century: Art and Culture, 1900-2000. Part I, 1900-1950: An Exhibition Review, by Kristina Wilson © 2000
- ^ Self-Portrait of the Artist as a Monkey-Hand, by Paul Galvez. 2000 The MIT Press.
- ^ 'Weirdly Beloved: Tales of Strange Bedfellows, Odd Couplings, and Love Gone Bad', Cynthia Ceilán. The Lyons Press, 2008 ISBN 1599214032
- ^ Wrongdiagnosis.com - Navel Fetishism
- ^ Rosman JP, Resnick PJ (1989). "Sexual attraction to corpses: a psychiatric review of necrophilia". Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 17 (2): 153–63. PMID 2667656.
- ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 14594737 , please use {{cite journal}} with
|pmid= 14594737
instead. - ^ Krafft-Ebing, R (1886/1998). Psychopathia sexualis: A medico-forensic study (1998 translation by Franklin S. Klaf. Arcade Publishing. pp. http://books.google.ca/books?id=nzr8Tw7xcsUC&pg=PA408 408]. ISBN 1559704268.
{{cite book}}
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(help) - ^ Lawrence, AA (2006). "Clinical and theoretical parallels between desire for limb amputation and gender identity disorder". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 35 (3): 263–278. doi:10.1007/s10508-006-9026-6. PMID 16799838.
- ^ Hickey, Eric W. (2006). Sex crimes and paraphilia. Pearson Education. p. 84. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
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- ^ Slater, David (1996). "Excerpted from 'The Sons of Gilles De Rais'". The Journal of Sex, Religion, Death. Headpress. ISSN 1353-9760.
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ignored (|issue=
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- ^ Wernik, U (1990). "The nature of explanation in sexology and the riddle of triolism". Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 3 (1): 5–20. doi:10.1007/BF00849719.
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- ^ Brenda Brathwaite. "Defining sex". Sex in Video Games (PDF). London: Charles River Media. ISBN 1-58450-459-5. Archived from [/http://www.charlesriver.com/resrcs/chapters/1584504595_1stChap.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2007-09-27.
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- ^ Blanchard, R. (1989). "The classification and labelling of nonhomosexual gender dysphorias". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 18 (4): 315–334. doi:10.1007/BF01541951. PMID 2673136.
- ^ Krafft-Ebing, R., & Moll, A. (1924). Psychopathia sexualis. Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke.
- ^ Blanchard, R.; Barbaree, H. E.; Bogaert, A. F.; Dickey, R.; Klassen, P.; Kuban, M. E.; Zucker, K. J. (2000). "Fraternal birth order and sexual orientation in pedophiles". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 29 (5): 463–478. doi:10.1023/A:1001943719964. PMID 10983250.
- ^ Hutchinson, GE (1959). "A speculative consideration of certain possible forms of sexual selection in man". American Naturalist. 93 (869): 81–91. doi:10.1086/282059.
- ^ Kleinplatz, Peggy J. (2001). New directions in sex therapy: innovations and alternatives. Philadelphia: Brunner-Routledge. ISBN 0-87630-967-8.
- ^ Kafka, MP (1996). "Therapy for Sexual Impulsivity: The Paraphilias and Paraphilia-Related Disorders". Psychiatric Times. 13 (6).