Valley of Death (Bydgoszcz): Difference between revisions
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'''Valley of Death''' ({{lang-pl|Dolina Śmierci}}) in [[Fordon, Bydgoszcz|Fordon]], [[Bydgoszcz]], northern [[Poland]], is a site of [[Nazi German]] [[mass murder]] and a [[mass grave]] of |
'''Valley of Death''' ({{lang-pl|Dolina Śmierci}}) in [[Fordon, Bydgoszcz|Fordon]], [[Bydgoszcz]], northern [[Poland]], is a site of [[Nazi German]] [[mass murder]] and a [[mass grave]] of 1,200 – 1,400 [[Poles]] and [[Jews]] murdered in October and November 1939 by the local Germans ([[Selbstschutz]]) and the [[Gestapo]]. The murders were a part of [[Intelligenzaktion in Pomerania]], a [[Nazi Germany|Nazi]] action aimed at the elimination of the [[Poles|Polish]] intelligentsia in [[Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia]], which included the former [[Pomeranian Voivodeship (1919–1939)|Pomeranian Voivodeship]] ("[[Polish Corridor]]"), at the beginning of [[World War II]]. It was part of a larger [[genocide|genocidal]] action that took place in all [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|German occupied Poland]], code-named [[Operation Tannenberg]].<ref>Friedländer,Das dritte Reich und die Juden|publisher=C.H.Beck,Munich 2006,ISBN 3-406-54966-7</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Revision as of 13:04, 18 March 2014
Valley of Death (Polish: Dolina Śmierci) in Fordon, Bydgoszcz, northern Poland, is a site of Nazi German mass murder and a mass grave of 1,200 – 1,400 Poles and Jews murdered in October and November 1939 by the local Germans (Selbstschutz) and the Gestapo. The murders were a part of Intelligenzaktion in Pomerania, a Nazi action aimed at the elimination of the Polish intelligentsia in Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia, which included the former Pomeranian Voivodeship ("Polish Corridor"), at the beginning of World War II. It was part of a larger genocidal action that took place in all German occupied Poland, code-named Operation Tannenberg.[1]
History
Victims, mainly Polish intelligentsia: teachers, priests, office workers, were listed on so called Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen (a list of people destined to be executed, made by Third Reich officials before World War II) and another list made by Gestapo during the war.
The perpetrators were mainly "Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz" - paramilitary formation composed of members of the German minority in pre-war Poland and Einsatzkommando 16 of SS Einsatzgruppen under command of SS-Sturmbannführer dr Rudolf Tröger.[2] Between September 1939 and April 1940 Selbstschutz - together with other Nazi-German formations - murdered tens of thousands of Poles in Pomerania.
Established investigations point to Ludolf von Alvensleben and Jakub Löllgen, as the main culprits of mass murder. Other involved in the crimes were:
- Sturmbannführers Erich Spaarmann, Meier, Schnugg
- SS-Sturmbannführer dr Rudolf Tröger,
- SS Baks
- Volksdeutsche Wilhelm Neumann, Herbert Beitsch, Otto Erlichmann (Nazi mayor of Fordon), Walter Gassmann.
Other Nazi German mass murder sites in Bydgoszcz area are the villages of Tryszczyn and Borówno.
See also
Media related to Valley of Death at Wikimedia Commons
Media related to Bydgoszcz during World War II at Wikimedia Commons
References
Bibliography
- Jochen Böhler, Klaus-Michael Mallmann, Jürgen Matthäus: Einsatzgruppen in Polen. Warszawa: Bellona, 2009. ISBN 978-83-11-11588-0
External links
- History of Fordon 1939-1945 Template:Pl icon
- Extermination of Polish intelligentsia on Pomerania Template:Pl icon
- Valley of Death - pictures and short description Template:Pl icon