Fanaticism

"Fanatic" and "Fanatical" redirect here. For other uses, see Fanaticism (disambiguation).

The Fanatics of Tangier by Eugène Delacroix, Minneapolis Institute of Arts

Fanaticism is a belief or behavior involving uncritical zeal or with an obsessive enthusiasm for a pastime or hobby. Philosopher George Santayana defines fanaticism as "redoubling your effort when you have forgotten your aim"; according to Winston Churchill, "A fanatic is one who can't change his mind and won't change the subject". By either description the fanatic displays very strict standards and little tolerance for contrary ideas or opinions.

In his book Crazy Talk, Stupid Talk, Neil Postman states that "the key to all fanatical beliefs is that they are self-confirming....(some beliefs are) fanatical not because they are 'false', but because they are expressed in such a way that they can never be shown to be false."

The behavior of a fan with overwhelming enthusiasm for a given subject is differentiated from the behavior of a fanatic by the fanatic's violation of prevailing social norms. Though the fan's behavior may be judged as odd or eccentric, it does not violate such norms. A fanatic differs from a crank, in that a crank is defined as a person who holds a position or opinion which is so far from the norm as to appear ludicrous and/or probably wrong, such as a belief in a Flat Earth. In contrast, the subject of the fanatic's obsession may be "normal", such as an interest in religion or politics, except that the scale of the person's involvement, devotion, or obsession with the activity or cause is abnormal or disproportionate.

Categories

• Consumer fanaticism - the level of involvement or interest one has in the liking of a particular person, group, trend, artwork or idea.
• Emotional fanaticism.
  • Limerence - Obsessive and addictive psychological tendencies towards the object of an individual's affections.
• Ethnic or racial supremacist fanaticism.
• Nationalistic or patriotic fanaticism.
• Political, ideological fanaticism.
• Leisure fanaticism - high levels of intensity, enthusiasm, commitment and zeal shown for a particular leisure activity.
• Religious fanaticism - considered by some to be the most extreme form of religious fundamentalism. Entail promoting religious views.
  • Atheist fanaticism - sometimes considered part of religious fanaticism.
• Sports fanaticism - high levels of intensity surrounding sporting events. This is either done based on the belief that extreme fanaticism can alter games for one's favorite team (Ex: Knight Krew), or because the person uses sports activities as an ultra-masculine "proving ground" for brawls, as in the case of football hooliganism.

See also

• Antifanaticism: A Tale of the South
• Enthusiasm
• Extremism
• Fanboy
• Fixation (psychology)
• Obsession (psychology)
• Religious fanaticism
• Zealotry

Further reading

• Haynal, A., Molnar, M. and de Puymege, G. Fanaticism. A Historical and Psychoanalytical Study. Schoken Books. New York, 1987
• Rudin, J.Fanaticism. A psychological Analysis. University of Notre Dame Press. London, 1969.
• Collins, Jack. "Real Times". University of Santa Barbara. California. 1993.
• Беляев, И.А. Религиозный фанатизм как иллюзорная компенсация недостаточности духовно-душевных составляющих целостного мироотношения / И.А. Беляев // Вестник Челябинской государственной академии культуры и искусств. — 2011. — № 4 (28).— С. 68-71.