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Development of VP9 started in Q3 2011.<ref name=VPNextProgessUpdate2012>{{cite news |title=VP-Next Overview and Progress Update |publisher=Google |work=WebM Project |url=http://downloads.webmproject.org/ngov2012/pdf/04-ngov-project-update.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2012-12-29}}</ref><ref name=OverviewVPNext2012>{{cite news |title=Overview of VP-Next |author=Adrian Grange |publisher=[[Internet Engineering Task Force]] |url=http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/85/slides/slides-85-videocodec-4.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2012-12-29}}</ref> One of the goals for VP9 is to reduce the bit rate by 50% compared to [[VP8]] while having the same video quality.<ref name=NGOVRequirements2012>{{cite news |title=Next Gen Open Video (NGOV) Requirements |publisher=Google |work=WebM Project |url=http://downloads.webmproject.org/ngov2012/pdf/02-ngov-product-requirements.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2012-12-29}}</ref> Another goal for VP9 is to improve it to the point where it would have better compression efficiency than [[High Efficiency Video Coding]] (HEVC).<ref name=OverviewVPNext2012/>
Development of VP9 started in Q3 2011.<ref name=VPNextProgessUpdate2012>{{cite news |title=VP-Next Overview and Progress Update |publisher=Google |work=WebM Project |url=http://downloads.webmproject.org/ngov2012/pdf/04-ngov-project-update.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2012-12-29}}</ref><ref name=OverviewVPNext2012>{{cite news |title=Overview of VP-Next |author=Adrian Grange |publisher=[[Internet Engineering Task Force]] |url=http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/85/slides/slides-85-videocodec-4.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2012-12-29}}</ref> One of the goals for VP9 is to reduce the bit rate by 50% compared to [[VP8]] while having the same video quality.<ref name=NGOVRequirements2012>{{cite news |title=Next Gen Open Video (NGOV) Requirements |publisher=Google |work=WebM Project |url=http://downloads.webmproject.org/ngov2012/pdf/02-ngov-product-requirements.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2012-12-29}}</ref> Another goal for VP9 is to improve it to the point where it would have better compression efficiency than [[High Efficiency Video Coding]] (HEVC).<ref name=OverviewVPNext2012/>


On December 13, 2012, the VP9 decoder was added to the [[Chromium (web browser)|Chromium web browser]].<ref name=CNetGoogleVP9PublicEye>{{cite news |title=Google's new VP9 video technology reaches public view |author=Stephen Shankland |publisher=[[CNET]] |url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-17939_109-57561111-2/googles-new-vp9-video-technology-reaches-public-view/ |date=2012-12-28 |accessdate=2012-12-29}}</ref><ref name=SoftpediaVP9Video2012>{{cite news |title=Chrome Adds Support for the Next-Generation VP9 Video Codec and Mozilla's Opus Audio |author=Lucian Parfeni |publisher=[[Softpedia]] |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Chrome-Adds-Support-for-the-Next-Generation-VP9-Video-Codec-and-Mozilla-s-Opus-Audio-317728.shtml |date=2012-12-28 |accessdate=2012-12-29}}</ref><ref name=VP9decoderAddedChromium>{{cite news |title=Revision 172738 libvpx: Add VP9 decoder. |publisher=Google |work=[[Chromium (web browser)]] |url=http://src.chromium.org/viewvc/chrome?view=rev&revision=172738 |date=2012-12-13 |accessdate=2012-12-29}}</ref>
On June 11, 2013, profile 0 of VP9 was finalized.<ref name="VP9FinalizationMay2013GoogleGroup">{{cite news |title = VP9 Bitstream finalization update|author = Paul Wilkins|publisher = Google|work = WebM Project|url = https://groups.google.com/a/webmproject.org/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/webm-discuss/UzoX7owhwB0|date = 2013-05-08|accessdate = 2013-05-17}}</ref><ref name="VP9Profile0June2013Release">{{cite news |title=VP9 profile 0 release candidate |publisher=Google |work=[[Chromium (web browser)]] |url=http://git.chromium.org/gitweb/?p=webm/libvpx.git;a=commit;h=03b412d0449146ecd7e3398448cfa91c2acca05e |date=2013-06-11 |accessdate=2013-06-19}}</ref>


⚫
On August 20, 2013, Google released Chrome 29 with VP9 final support.
On February 21, 2013, the first stable version of the [[Google Chrome]] web browser that supports VP9 decoding was released.<ref name=VP9ChromeVersion25>{{cite news |title=Google Chrome hits 25 |publisher=OMG! Chrome! |url=http://www.omgchrome.com/google-chrome-hits-25/ |date=2013-02-21 |accessdate=2013-04-04}}</ref> This was added in version 25 of Google Chrome.<ref name=VP9ChromeVersion25/>

On May 8, 2013, Google announced the finalization of VP9 for June 17, 2013.<ref name=VP9FinalizationMay2013GoogleGroup>{{cite news |title=VP9 Bitstream finalization update |author=Paul Wilkins |publisher=Google |work=WebM Project |url=https://groups.google.com/a/webmproject.org/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/webm-discuss/UzoX7owhwB0 |date=2013-05-08 |accessdate=2013-05-17}}</ref><ref name=VP9FinalizationMay2013GoogleWebm>{{cite news |title=VP9 Codec Nears Completion |author=Lou Quillio |publisher=Google |work=WebM Project |url=http://blog.webmproject.org/2013/05/vp9-codec-nears-completion.html |date=2013-05-10 |accessdate=2013-05-17}}</ref><ref name=VP9FinalizationMay2013Cnet>{{cite news |title=Google's VP9 video codec nearly done; YouTube will use it |author=Stephen Shankland |publisher=CNET |url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-57584018-93/googles-vp9-video-codec-nearly-done-youtube-will-use-it/ |date=2013-05-10 |accessdate=2013-05-17}}</ref> VP9 decoding will no longer be hidden behind a flag with version 29 of Google Chrome.<ref name=VP9AdoptionMay2013Cnet>{{cite news |title=Google pressing for fast adoption of royalty-free VP9 video codec |author=Jesse Schoff |publisher=[[TechSpot]] |url=http://www.techspot.com/news/52642-google-pressing-for-fast-adoption-of-royalty-free-vp9-video-codec.html |date=2013-05-20 |accessdate=2013-05-23}}</ref>

On June 11, 2013, profile 0 of VP9 was finalized.<ref name=VP9FinalizationMay2013GoogleGroup/><ref name=VP9Profile0June2013Release>{{cite news |title=VP9 profile 0 release candidate |publisher=Google |work=[[Chromium (web browser)]] |url=http://git.chromium.org/gitweb/?p=webm/libvpx.git;a=commit;h=03b412d0449146ecd7e3398448cfa91c2acca05e |date=2013-06-11 |accessdate=2013-06-19}}</ref>

On June 12, 2013, VP9 was activated by default in the latest Chromium build.<ref name=VP9ChromeDefaultJune2013Softpedia>{{cite news |title=Chrome Now Supports Google's Next-Gen VP9 Video Codec by Default |author=Lucian Parfeni |publisher=[[Softpedia]] |url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Chrome-Now-Supports-Google-Next-Gen-VP9-Video-Codec-by-Default-361550.shtml |date=2013-06-17 |accessdate=2013-06-19}}</ref><ref name=VP9ChromeDefaultJune2013H>{{cite news |title=Google's VP9 web video codec enters home straight |publisher=[[Heinz Heise]] |url=http://h-online.com/-1891686 | archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20131207104809/http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Google-s-VP9-web-video-codec-enters-home-straight-1891686.html | archivedate=7 December 2013 | date=2013-06-18 |accessdate=2013-06-19}}</ref><ref name=VP9ChromeDefaultJune2013Chromium>{{cite news |title=Issue 16830004: media: Remove VP9 flag, and enable VP9 support by default. (Closed) |author=Tom Finegan |publisher=Google |work=[[Chromium (web browser)]] |url=https://chromiumcodereview.appspot.com/16830004 |date=2013-06-12 |accessdate=2013-06-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://thenextweb.com/google/2013/06/17/google-finishes-defining-its-vp9-video-codec-adds-it-to-chromium-ahead-of-chrome-and-youtube-rollout/ |author=Emil Protalinski |publisher=[[The Next Web]] |title=Google finishes defining its VP9 video codec, adds it to Chromium ahead of Chrome and YouTube rollout |date=2013-06-17 |accessdate=2013-06-19}}</ref>

On July 1, 2013, Google announced that VP9 has been enabled by default in the Google Chrome developer channel.<ref name=VP9DevChannelJuly2013/><ref name=VP9ChromeBuildJuly2013NextWeb>{{cite news |title=Google adds its free and open-source VP9 video codec to latest Chrome build |author=Emil Protalinski |publisher=The Next Web |url=http://thenextweb.com/google/2013/07/01/google-adds-its-free-and-open-source-vp9-video-codec-to-latest-chrome-build/ |date=2013-07-01 |accessdate=2013-07-04}}</ref>

⚫
As of August 2013, Google released Chrome 29.0.1547 with VP9 final support.


On October 3, 2013, a native VP9 decoder was added to [[FFmpeg]],<ref name="LaunchpadFFVP9Decoder">{{cite news |title=Native VP9 decoder is now in the Git master branch |work=[[Launchpad (website)|Launchpad]] |url=https://launchpad.net/ffmpeg/+announcement/12045 |date=2013-10-03 |accessdate=2013-12-08}}</ref> and on November 15, 2013, to [[Libav]].
On October 3, 2013, a native VP9 decoder was added to [[FFmpeg]],<ref name="LaunchpadFFVP9Decoder">{{cite news |title=Native VP9 decoder is now in the Git master branch |work=[[Launchpad (website)|Launchpad]] |url=https://launchpad.net/ffmpeg/+announcement/12045 |date=2013-10-03 |accessdate=2013-12-08}}</ref> and on November 15, 2013, to [[Libav]].

Revision as of 14:01, 20 August 2015

For other uses, see VP9 (disambiguation).
VP9
VP9 logo
Internet media typevideo/VP9
Developed byGoogle
Initial releaseDecember 13, 2012
Type of formatCompressed video
Contained byWebM, Matroska
Extended fromVP8
Free format?Yes
libvpx (VP9 codec library)[1][2]
Developer(s)Google
Written inC
Operating systemUnix-like (including GNU/Linux, FreeBSD and Mac OS X), Windows
TypeVideo codec
LicenseNew BSD license
Websitewebmproject.org

VP9 is an open and royalty free[3] video coding format being developed by Google. VP9 had earlier development names of Next Gen Open Video (NGOV) and VP-Next. VP9 is a successor to VP8. Chromium, Chrome, Firefox, and Opera support playing VP9 video format in the HTML5 video tag.

History

Development of VP9 started in Q3 2011.[4][5] One of the goals for VP9 is to reduce the bit rate by 50% compared to VP8 while having the same video quality.[6] Another goal for VP9 is to improve it to the point where it would have better compression efficiency than High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC).[5]

On June 11, 2013, profile 0 of VP9 was finalized.[7][8]

On August 20, 2013, Google released Chrome 29 with VP9 final support.

On October 3, 2013, a native VP9 decoder was added to FFmpeg,[9] and on November 15, 2013, to Libav.

On January 7, 2014, Ittiam demonstrated its VP9 decoder on ARM Cortex devices. The Ittiam VP9 Decoder, built in collaboration with ARM and Google, focuses on power, scale and portability with equal importance given to each. It runs at 1080p 30fps using the ARM Mali-T604 GPU on an Arndale board powered by Samsung’s Exynos 5 Dual SoC.[10][11]

On March 18, 2014, Mozilla added VP9 support to Firefox in version 28.[12][13]

On January 5, 2015, Nvidia officially announced the Tegra X1 SoC with full fixed-function VP9 hardware decoding. [14][15]

On March 2, 2015, VeriSilicon announced the Hantro G2v2 decoder IP which supports VP9 Profile 2.[16]

On April 3, 2015, Google released libvpx 1.4.0 which adds support for 10-bit and 12-bit bit depth, 4:2:2 and 4:4:4 chroma subsampling, and VP9 multithreaded decoding/encoding.[17]

Technical details

VP9 has many design improvements compared to VP8.[4][5] VP9 supports the use of superblocks[18] of 64x64 pixels.[4][5] A quadtree coding structure will be used with the superblocks.[4][5]

The VP9 format supports the following color spaces: Rec. 601, Rec. 709, Rec. 2020, SMPTE-170, SMPTE-240, and sRGB.[19][20]

Profiles

The VP9 format defines four profiles: profile 0, profile 1, profile 2, and profile 3.[7][21] Profile 0 allows for a bit depth of 8-bits per sample and supports 4:2:0 chroma subsampling.[7][21][22] Profile 1, which is optional for hardware, adds support for 4:2:2 chroma subsampling, 4:4:4 chroma subsampling, alpha channel support, and depth channel support.[7][21] Google later developed two high bit depth profiles: profile 2 and profile 3.[23][22][24] Profile 2 allows for a bit depth of 10-bits to 12-bits per sample and supports 4:2:0 chroma subsampling.[22] Profile 3 adds support for 4:2:2 chroma subsampling, 4:4:4 chroma subsampling, and alpha channel support.[22]

Adoption

VP10

"VP10" redirects here. For other uses, see VP10 (disambiguation).

On September 12, 2014, Google announced that development on VP10 had begun and that after the release of VP10 they plan to have an 18-month gap between releases of video formats.[27]

See also

  • Daala – a video compression format being developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation

References

  1. ^ "VP9 Video Codec Summary". WebM Project. Google. Retrieved 2013-07-04.
  2. ^ Lou Quillio (2013-07-01). "VP9 Lands in Chrome Dev Channel". WebM Project. Google. Retrieved 2013-07-04.
  3. ^ http://gigaom.com/2014/01/02/youtube-4k-streaming-vp9/
  4. ^ a b c d "VP-Next Overview and Progress Update" (PDF). WebM Project. Google. Retrieved 2012-12-29.
  5. ^ a b c d e Adrian Grange. "Overview of VP-Next" (PDF). Internet Engineering Task Force. Retrieved 2012-12-29.
  6. ^ "Next Gen Open Video (NGOV) Requirements" (PDF). WebM Project. Google. Retrieved 2012-12-29.
  7. ^ a b c d Paul Wilkins (2013-05-08). "VP9 Bitstream finalization update". WebM Project. Google. Retrieved 2013-05-17.
  8. ^ "VP9 profile 0 release candidate". Chromium (web browser). Google. 2013-06-11. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  9. ^ "Native VP9 decoder is now in the Git master branch". Launchpad. 2013-10-03. Retrieved 2013-12-08.
  10. ^ "Ittiam and ARM are the first to efficiently bring Google's VP9 to mobile devices". ARM Community. 2014-01-07. Retrieved 2013-07-04.
  11. ^ "Ittiam's H.265 and VP9 Solutions to Have Widespread Coverage at CES 2014". ARM Community. 2014-01-07. Retrieved 2013-07-04.
  12. ^ https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=833023
  13. ^ https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/28.0/releasenotes/
  14. ^ http://www.nvidia.com/object/tegra-x1-processor.html
  15. ^ http://www.anandtech.com/show/8811/nvidia-tegra-x1-preview
  16. ^ "VeriSilicon Introduces Hantro G2v2 Multi-format Decoder IP with VP9 Profile 2 to Support 10-bit Premium Internet Content". Business Wire. 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2015-03-02.
  17. ^ Michael Larabel (2015-04-03). "libvpx 1.4.0 Brings Faster VP9 Encode/Decode". Phoronix. Retrieved 2015-04-03.
  18. ^ pieter3d (October 18, 2013). "How VP9 works, technical details & diagrams". forum.doom9.org. Retrieved 31 March 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  19. ^ "Add slightly more colorspace variations". Chromium (web browser). Google. 2013-06-07. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  20. ^ "Change the use of a reserved color space entry". Chromium (web browser). Google. 2014-11-06. Retrieved 2014-11-07.
  21. ^ a b c "Merge "Add bits for colorspace, profile" into experimental". Chromium (web browser). Google. 2013-06-07. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
  22. ^ a b c d "Reworks high-bit-depth profiles". Chromium (web browser). Google. 2014-06-10. Retrieved 2014-06-28.
  23. ^ "Update on WebM/VP9". Google Developers. 2014-06-25. Retrieved 2014-06-28.
  24. ^ "Remove experimental-bitstream flag for profiles>0". Chromium (web browser). Google. 2014-10-03. Retrieved 2015-03-02.
  25. ^ "YouTube now uses VP9 as standard (for popular videos)". 29 May 2014. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
  26. ^ "YouTube goes 4K and VP9 at CES". slashdot.org. 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2014-02-16.
  27. ^ Stephen Shankland (September 12, 2014). "Google's Web-video ambitions bump into hard reality". CNET. Retrieved September 13, 2014.

External links

  • "WebM and the New VP9 Open Video Codec", I/O (YouTube) (video), Google, 2013.
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