Isotopes of bromine: Difference between revisions

Isotopes of bromine (₃₅Br)
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Br)
	[79.901, 79.907]; 79.904±0.003 (abridged);
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Bromine (₃₅Br) has two stable isotopes, ⁷⁹Br and ⁸¹Br, and 30 known radioisotopes, the most stable of which is ⁷⁷Br, with a half-life of 57.036 hours. Bromine and chlorine are the only halogens with more than one stable isotope.

List of isotopes

nuclide symbol	Z(p)	N(n)	isotopic mass (u)	half-life	decay mode(s)^[4]^{[n 1]}	daughter isotope(s)^{[n 2]}	nuclear spin	representative isotopic composition (mole fraction)	range of natural variation (mole fraction)
nuclide symbol	excitation energy			half-life	decay mode(s)^[4]^{[n 1]}	daughter isotope(s)^{[n 2]}	nuclear spin	representative isotopic composition (mole fraction)	range of natural variation (mole fraction)
⁶⁶Br	35	31			p	⁶⁵Se
⁶⁷Br	35	32	66.96479(54)#		p	⁶⁶Se	1/2−#
⁶⁸Br	35	33	67.95852(38)#	<1.2 µs	p	⁶⁷Se	3+#
⁶⁹Br	35	34	68.95011(11)#	<24 ns	p	⁶⁸Se	1/2−#
⁷⁰Br	35	35	69.94479(33)#	79.1(8) ms	β⁺	⁷⁰Se	0+#
^70mBr	2292.2(8) keV			2.2(2) s	β⁺	⁷⁰Se	(9+)
^70mBr	2292.2(8) keV			2.2(2) s	IT	⁷⁰Br	(9+)
⁷¹Br	35	36	70.93874(61)	21.4(6) s	β⁺	⁷¹Se	(5/2)−
⁷²Br	35	37	71.93664(6)	78.6(24) s	β⁺	⁷²Se	1+
^72mBr	100.92(3) keV			10.6(3) s	IT (>99.9%)	⁷²Br	1−
^72mBr	100.92(3) keV			10.6(3) s	β⁺ (<0.1%)	⁷²Se	1−
⁷³Br	35	38	72.93169(5)	3.4(2) min	β⁺	⁷³Se	1/2−
⁷⁴Br	35	39	73.929891(16)	25.4(3) min	β⁺	⁷⁴Se	(0−)
^74mBr	13.58(21) keV			46(2) min	β⁺	⁷⁴Se	4(+#)
⁷⁵Br	35	40	74.925776(15)	96.7(13) min	β⁺	⁷⁵Se	3/2−
⁷⁶Br	35	41	75.924541(10)	16.2(2) h	β⁺	⁷⁶Se	1−
^76mBr	102.58(3) keV			1.31(2) s	IT (99.4%)	⁷⁶Br	(4)+
^76mBr	102.58(3) keV			1.31(2) s	β⁺ (0.6%)	⁷⁶Se	(4)+
⁷⁷Br	35	42	76.921379(3)	57.036(6) h	β⁺	⁷⁷Se	3/2−
^77mBr	105.86(8) keV			4.28(10) min	IT	⁷⁷Br	9/2+
⁷⁸Br	35	43	77.921146(4)	6.46(4) min	β⁺ (99.99%)	⁷⁸Se	1+
⁷⁸Br	35	43	77.921146(4)	6.46(4) min	β⁻ (0.01%)	⁷⁸Kr	1+
^78mBr	180.82(13) keV			119.2(10) µs			(4+)
⁷⁹Br	35	44	78.9183371(22)	Stable			3/2−	0.5069(7)
^79mBr	207.61(9) keV			4.86(4) s	IT	⁷⁹Br	(9/2+)
⁸⁰Br	35	45	79.9185293(22)	17.68(2) min	β⁻ (91.7%)	⁸⁰Kr	1+
⁸⁰Br	35	45	79.9185293(22)	17.68(2) min	β⁺ (8.3%)	⁸⁰Se	1+
^80mBr	85.843(4) keV			4.4205(8) h	IT	⁸⁰Br	5−
⁸¹Br	35	46	80.9162906(21)	Stable			3/2−	0.4931(7)
^81mBr	536.20(9) keV			34.6(28) µs			9/2+
⁸²Br	35	47	81.9168041(21)	35.282(7) h	β⁻	⁸²Kr	5−
^82mBr	45.9492(10) keV			6.13(5) min	IT	⁸²Br	2−
^82mBr	45.9492(10) keV			6.13(5) min	β⁻	⁸²Kr	2−
⁸³Br	35	48	82.915180(5)	2.40(2) h	β⁻	⁸³Kr	3/2−
^83mBr	3068.8(6) keV			700(100) ns			(19/2−)
⁸⁴Br	35	49	83.916479(16)	31.80(8) min	β⁻	⁸⁴Kr	2−
^84m1Br	320(10) keV			6.0(2) min	β⁻	⁸⁴Kr	6−
^84m2Br	408.2(4) keV			<140 ns			1+
⁸⁵Br	35	50	84.915608(21)	2.90(6) min	β⁻	⁸⁵Kr	3/2−
⁸⁶Br	35	51	85.918798(12)	55.1(4) s	β⁻	⁸⁶Kr	(2−)
⁸⁷Br	35	52	86.920711(19)	55.65(13) s	β⁻ (97.48%)	⁸⁷Kr	3/2−
⁸⁷Br	35	52	86.920711(19)	55.65(13) s	β⁻, n (2.52%)	⁸⁶Kr	3/2−
⁸⁸Br	35	53	87.92407(4)	16.29(6) s	β⁻ (93.42%)	⁸⁸Kr	(2−)
⁸⁸Br	35	53	87.92407(4)	16.29(6) s	β⁻, n (6.48%)	⁸⁷Kr	(2−)
^88mBr	272.7(3) keV			5.4(7) µs
⁸⁹Br	35	54	88.92639(6)	4.40(3) s	β⁻ (86.2%)	⁸⁹Kr	(3/2−,5/2−)
⁸⁹Br	35	54	88.92639(6)	4.40(3) s	β⁻, n (13.8%)	⁸⁸Kr	(3/2−,5/2−)
⁹⁰Br	35	55	89.93063(8)	1.91(1) s	β⁻ (74.8%)	⁹⁰Kr
⁹⁰Br	35	55	89.93063(8)	1.91(1) s	β⁻, n (25.2%)	⁸⁹Kr
⁹¹Br	35	56	90.93397(8)	541(5) ms	β⁻ (80%)	⁹¹Kr	3/2−#
⁹¹Br	35	56	90.93397(8)	541(5) ms	β⁻, n (20%)	⁹⁰Kr	3/2−#
⁹²Br	35	57	91.93926(5)	0.343(15) s	β⁻ (66.9%)	⁹²Kr	(2−)
⁹²Br	35	57	91.93926(5)	0.343(15) s	β⁻, n (33.1%)	⁹¹Kr	(2−)
⁹³Br	35	58	92.94305(32)#	102(10) ms	β⁻ (89%)	⁹³Kr	3/2−#
⁹³Br	35	58	92.94305(32)#	102(10) ms	β⁻, n (11%)	⁹²Kr	3/2−#
⁹⁴Br	35	59	93.94868(43)#	70(20) ms	β⁻ (70%)	⁹⁴Kr
⁹⁴Br	35	59	93.94868(43)#	70(20) ms	β⁻, n (30%)	⁹³Kr
⁹⁵Br	35	60	94.95287(54)#	50# ms [>300 ns]			3/2−#
⁹⁶Br	35	61	95.95853(75)#	20# ms [>300 ns]
⁹⁷Br	35	62	96.96280(86)#	10# ms [>300 ns]			3/2−#

^ Abbreviations:
IT: Isomeric transition
^ Bold for stable isotopes

Notes

Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC, which use expanded uncertainties.

References

^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Bromine". CIAAW. 2011.
^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ "Universal Nuclide Chart". nucleonica. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |registration= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)

Isotope masses from:
- G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-23. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- J. R. de Laeter; J. K. Böhlke; P. De Bièvre; H. Hidaka; H. S. Peiser; K. J. R. Rosman; P. D. P. Taylor (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- M. E. Wieser (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |laysummary= ignored (help)
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. See editing notes on this article's talk page.
- G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-23. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
- National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.1 database". Brookhaven National Laboratory. Retrieved September 2005. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
- N. E. Holden (2004). "Table of the Isotopes". In D. R. Lide (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). CRC Press. Section 11. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |nopp= ignored (|no-pp= suggested) (help)

[5] Abbreviations:
IT: Isomeric transition

[6] Bold for stable isotopes

[NUBASE2020-1] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

[2] "Standard Atomic Weights: Bromine". CIAAW. 2011.

[CIAAW2021-3] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[4] "Universal Nuclide Chart". nucleonica. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |registration= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[n 1]

[n 2]

@@ Line 542: / Line 542: @@
 <references />
 * Isotope masses from:
-**{{cite journal |author=G. Audi |author2=A. H. Wapstra |author3=C. Thibault |author4=J. Blachot |author5=O. Bersillon |year=2003 |title=The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties |url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf |journal=[[Nuclear Physics A]] |volume=729 |issue= |pages=3–128 |doi=10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001 |bibcode=2003NuPhA.729....3A}}
+**{{cite journal|author=G. Audi |author2=A. H. Wapstra |author3=C. Thibault |author4=J. Blachot |author5=O. Bersillon |year=2003 |title=The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties |url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf |journal=[[Nuclear Physics A]] |volume=729 |issue= |pages=3–128 |doi=10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001 |bibcode=2003NuPhA.729....3A |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923135135/http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf |archivedate=2008-09-23 |df= }}
 * Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
 **{{cite journal |author=J. R. de Laeter |author2=J. K. Böhlke |author3=P. De Bièvre |author4=H. Hidaka |author5=H. S. Peiser |author6=K. J. R. Rosman |author7=P. D. P. Taylor |year=2003 |title=Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) |url=http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/75/6/0683/pdf/ |journal=[[Pure and Applied Chemistry]] |volume=75 |issue=6 |pages=683–800 |doi=10.1351/pac200375060683}}
 **{{cite journal |author=M. E. Wieser |year=2006 |title=Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report) |url=http://iupac.org/publications/pac/78/11/2051/pdf/ |journal=[[Pure and Applied Chemistry]] |volume=78 |issue=11 |pages=2051–2066 |doi=10.1351/pac200678112051 |laysummary=http://old.iupac.org/news/archives/2005/atomic-weights_revised05.html}}
 * Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. See editing notes on [[Talk:Isotopes of bromine|this article's talk page]].
-**{{cite journal |author=G. Audi |author2=A. H. Wapstra |author3=C. Thibault |author4=J. Blachot |author5=O. Bersillon |year=2003 |title=The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties |url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf |journal=[[Nuclear Physics A]] |volume=729 |issue= |pages=3–128 |doi=10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001 |bibcode=2003NuPhA.729....3A}}
+**{{cite journal|author=G. Audi |author2=A. H. Wapstra |author3=C. Thibault |author4=J. Blachot |author5=O. Bersillon |year=2003 |title=The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties |url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf |journal=[[Nuclear Physics A]] |volume=729 |issue= |pages=3–128 |doi=10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001 |bibcode=2003NuPhA.729....3A |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923135135/http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf |archivedate=2008-09-23 |df= }}
 **{{cite web |author=[[National Nuclear Data Center]] |year= |title=NuDat 2.1 database |url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/ |publisher=[[Brookhaven National Laboratory]] |accessdate=September 2005}}
 **{{cite book |author=N. E. Holden |year=2004 |editor=D. R. Lide |chapter=Table of the Isotopes |title=[[CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics]] |page=Section 11 |nopp=yes |edition=85th |publisher=[[CRC Press]] |isbn=978-0-8493-0485-9}}