Makoto Kobayashi

小林 誠 Makoto Kobayashi
Born	(1944-04-07) April 7, 1944 Nagoya, Japan
Citizenship	Japan
Alma mater	Nagoya University
Known for	Work on CP violation CKM matrix
Awards	Sakurai Prize (1985) Japan Academy Prize (1985) Asahi Prize (1995) High Energy and Particle Physics Prize by European Physical Society (2007) Nobel Prize in Physics (2008)
Scientific career
Fields	High energy physics (theory)
Institutions	Kyoto University High Energy Accelerator Research Organization
Doctoral advisor	Shoichi Sakata

For other people named Makoto Kobayashi, see Makoto Kobayashi (disambiguation).

Makoto Kobayashi (小林 誠, Kobayashi Makoto) (born April 7, 1944 in Nagoya, Japan) is a Japanese physicist known for his work on CP-violation who was awarded one fourth of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature."

Biography

After completing his PhD at Nagoya University in 1972, Kobayashi worked as a research associate on particle physics at Kyoto University. Together, with his colleague Toshihide Maskawa, he worked on explaining CP-violation within the Standard Model of particle physics. Kobayashi and Maskawa's theory required that there were at least three generations of quarks, a prediction that was confirmed experimentally four years later by the discovery of the bottom quark.

Kobayashi and Maskawa's article, "CP Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction", published in 1973, is the fourth most cited high energy physics paper of all time as of 2010. The Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix, which defines the mixing parameters between quarks was the result of this work. Kobayashi and Maskawa were jointly awarded half of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics for this work, with the other half going to Yoichiro Nambu.

Academic career

• April 1972 – Research Associate of Kyoto University
• July 1979 – Assistant Professor of the National Laboratory of High Energy Physics
• April 1989 – Professor of the National Laboratory of High Energy Physics, Head of Physics Division II
• April 1997 – Professor of the Institute of Particle and Nuclear Science, KEK Head of Physics Division II
• April 2003 – Director, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK
• April 2004 – Trustee (Director, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies), KEK (Inter-University Research Institute Corporation)
• June 2006 – Professor emeritus of KEK.

Honors

• 1979 – Nishina Memorial Prize
• 1985 – Sakurai Prize
• In October 2008, Kobayashi was honored with Japan's Order of Culture; and an awards ceremony for the Order of Culture was held at the Tokyo Imperial Palace.

Personal life

Kobayashi was born and educated in Nagoya, Japan. He married Sachiko Enomoto in 1975; they had one son, Junichiro. After his first wife died, Kobayashi married Emiko Nakayama in 1990, they had a daughter, Yuka.

See also

• Progress of Theoretical Physics
• List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Kyoto University
• List of Japanese Nobel laureates

External links

• Progress of Theoretical Physics
• Makoto Kobayashi, Professor emeritus of KEK