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== Vegetation types ==
== Vegetation types ==
Cape Town is located within a [[Conservation International]] [[biodiversity hotspot]] and is home to a total of 19 different and distinct vegetation types. (This enormous variety is mainly because the city is uniquely located at the convergence point of a great many different soil types and micro-climates.)
Cape Town is located within a [[Conservation International]] [[biodiversity hotspot]] and is home to a total of 19 different and distinct vegetation types. (This enormous variety is mainly because the city is uniquely located at the convergence point of a great many different soil types and micro-climates.)
These 19 vegetation types are mostly restricted to unusually small areas, and several are completely [[Endemism|endemic]] to the city – occurring nowhere else in the world. Vegetation types include the following.<ref>http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/stats/Documents/Vegetation%20Types.mht</ref><ref>http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/stats/Pages/VegetationTypes.aspx</ref>
These 19 vegetation types are mostly restricted to unusually small areas, and several are completely [[Endemism|endemic]] to the city – occurring nowhere else in the world. Vegetation types include the following.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/stats/Documents/Vegetation%20Types.mht |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-02-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824223150/http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/stats/Documents/Vegetation%20Types.mht |archivedate=2013-08-24 |df= }}</ref><ref>http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/stats/Pages/VegetationTypes.aspx</ref>
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* [[Atlantis Sand Fynbos]]
* [[Atlantis Sand Fynbos]]
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== Endemism ==
== Endemism ==
Of the thousands of plant species that are indigenous to Cape Town, 190 are known to be [[Endemism|endemic]] to the city - occurring nowhere else in the world. In addition, there are over a hundred animal species that are also restricted to the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Documents/Biodiv_fact_sheet_7_endemic_species_2010-06.pdf|title=Endemic Species of the city of Cape Town}}</ref> Endemic plant species include the following.<ref>http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Pages/BrochuresBooklets.aspx</ref><ref>http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Documents/Biodiv_fact_sheet_suppl_Endemic_spp_list_2010-03.pdf</ref><ref>A.B. Low & A.G. Rebelo (eds). Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho & Swaziland, a companion to the vegetation map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Dept Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria. 85pp. {{ISBN|0-621-17316-9}}.</ref><ref>A.G. Rebelo, C. Boucher, N. Helme, L. Mucina, M.C. Rutherford et al. 2006. Fynbos Biome, in: L. Mucina & M.C. Rutherford (eds). The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19, pp 52‐219.</ref><ref>Anthony G. Rebelo, Patricia M. Holmes, Clifford Dorse & Julia Wood. Cape Town: Averting a Biodiversity Megadisaster? Unpublished MS.</ref>
Of the thousands of plant species that are indigenous to Cape Town, 190 are known to be [[Endemism|endemic]] to the city - occurring nowhere else in the world. In addition, there are over a hundred animal species that are also restricted to the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Documents/Biodiv_fact_sheet_7_endemic_species_2010-06.pdf|title=Endemic Species of the city of Cape Town}}</ref> Endemic plant species include the following.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Pages/BrochuresBooklets.aspx |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-10-01 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121223125053/http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Pages/Brochuresbooklets.aspx |archivedate=2012-12-23 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Documents/Biodiv_fact_sheet_suppl_Endemic_spp_list_2010-03.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-02-06 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111101122444/http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/EnvironmentalResourceManagement/publications/Documents/Biodiv_fact_sheet_suppl_Endemic_spp_list_2010-03.pdf |archivedate=2011-11-01 |df= }}</ref><ref>A.B. Low & A.G. Rebelo (eds). Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho & Swaziland, a companion to the vegetation map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Dept Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria. 85pp. {{ISBN|0-621-17316-9}}.</ref><ref>A.G. Rebelo, C. Boucher, N. Helme, L. Mucina, M.C. Rutherford et al. 2006. Fynbos Biome, in: L. Mucina & M.C. Rutherford (eds). The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19, pp 52‐219.</ref><ref>Anthony G. Rebelo, Patricia M. Holmes, Clifford Dorse & Julia Wood. Cape Town: Averting a Biodiversity Megadisaster? Unpublished MS.</ref>
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;Cape Peninsula endemics
;Cape Peninsula endemics

Revision as of 18:08, 20 July 2017

Cape Town's original vegetation types
Cape Town's surviving vegetation types

Floristic region (phytochorion)

The city of Cape Town lies within the Cape Floristic Kingdom (by far the smallest and most diverse of the earth’s six floristic kingdoms).[1]

Vegetation types

Cape Town is located within a Conservation International biodiversity hotspot and is home to a total of 19 different and distinct vegetation types. (This enormous variety is mainly because the city is uniquely located at the convergence point of a great many different soil types and micro-climates.) These 19 vegetation types are mostly restricted to unusually small areas, and several are completely endemic to the city – occurring nowhere else in the world. Vegetation types include the following.[2][3]

Endemism

Of the thousands of plant species that are indigenous to Cape Town, 190 are known to be endemic to the city - occurring nowhere else in the world. In addition, there are over a hundred animal species that are also restricted to the city.[4] Endemic plant species include the following.[5][6][7][8][9]

Cape Peninsula endemics
Additional species

Species records in South African Biodiversity Database

Mammals

Mammals present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.[10][clarification needed][11][clarification needed]

Fish

Fish present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.[10][11]

Reptiles

Reptiles present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.[10][11]

Amphibians

Amphibians present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.[10][11]

Insects

Insects present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.[10][11]

Fungi

Fungi present in Cape Town, as of 2011, including the following.[10][11]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Environmental Resource Management in the city of Cape Town".
  2. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-08-24. Retrieved 2014-02-24. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^ http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/stats/Pages/VegetationTypes.aspx
  4. ^ "Endemic Species of the city of Cape Town" (PDF).
  5. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-12-23. Retrieved 2011-10-01. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-11-01. Retrieved 2011-02-06. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ A.B. Low & A.G. Rebelo (eds). Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho & Swaziland, a companion to the vegetation map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Dept Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria. 85pp. ISBN 0-621-17316-9.
  8. ^ A.G. Rebelo, C. Boucher, N. Helme, L. Mucina, M.C. Rutherford et al. 2006. Fynbos Biome, in: L. Mucina & M.C. Rutherford (eds). The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19, pp 52‐219.
  9. ^ Anthony G. Rebelo, Patricia M. Holmes, Clifford Dorse & Julia Wood. Cape Town: Averting a Biodiversity Megadisaster? Unpublished MS.
  10. ^ a b c d e f http://www.biodiversity.co.za/
  11. ^ a b c d e f Updated from South African Biodiversity Database (http://www.biodiversity.co.za/) as species present in Cape Town on 2011/01/06
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