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2022 Pacific typhoon season

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2022 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedMarch 29, 2022
Last system dissipatedSeason ongoing
Strongest storm
NameMalakas
 • Maximum winds155 km/h (100 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure950 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions6
Total storms4
Typhoons2
Super typhoons0 (unofficial)[nb 1]
Total fatalities220 total
Total damage$90.8 million (2022 USD)
Related articles
Pacific typhoon seasons
2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024

The 2022 Pacific typhoon season is an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation, in which tropical cyclones form in the western Pacific Ocean. The season runs throughout 2022, though most tropical cyclones typically develop between May and October.

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean to the north of the equator between 100°E and 180th meridian. Within the northwestern Pacific Ocean, there are two separate agencies that assign names to tropical cyclones which can often result in a cyclone having two names. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)[nb 2] will name a tropical cyclone should it be judged to have 10-minute sustained wind speeds of at least 65 km/h (40 mph) anywhere in the basin, whilst the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigns names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their area of responsibility located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N–25°N regardless of whether or not a tropical cyclone has already been given a name by the JMA. Tropical depressions that are monitored by the United States' Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)[nb 3][nb 1] are given a number with a "W" suffix.

Seasonal forecasts

TSR forecasts
Date		 Tropical
storms		 Total
Typhoons		 Intense
TCs		 ACE Ref.
Average (1965–2022) 25.9 16.2 8.8 293 [3]
May 5, 2022 23 13 7 230 [3]
Other forecasts
Date		 Forecast
Center		 Period Systems Ref.
December 22, 2021 PAGASA January–March 0–3 tropical cyclones [4]
December 22, 2021 PAGASA April–June 1–4 tropical cyclones [4]
June 29, 2022 PAGASA July–September 3–6 tropical cyclones [5]
June 29, 2022 PAGASA October–December 5–9 tropical cyclones [5]
2022 season Forecast
Center		 Tropical
cyclones		 Tropical
storms		 Typhoons Ref.
Actual activity: JMA 6 4 2
Actual activity: JTWC 5 4 2
Actual activity: PAGASA 4 3 1

During the year several national meteorological services and scientific agencies forecast how many tropical cyclones, tropical storms, and typhoons will form during a season and/or how many tropical cyclones will affect a particular country. These agencies included the Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) Consortium of University College London, PAGASA and Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau. The first forecast was released by PAGASA on December 22, 2021, in their monthly seasonal climate outlook predicting the first half of 2022.[4] They predicted that only 0–3 tropical cyclones were expected to form or enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility between January and March, while 1–4 tropical cyclones are expected to form between April and June. PAGASA also stated that ongoing La Niña conditions could last until it transitions back into ENSO-neutral conditions by the second quarter of 2022.[4]

On May 5, Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) issued its first forecast for the 2022 season with ongoing La Niña still anticipated until roughly the third quarter of the year, TSR predicted that tropical activity for 2022 will be slightly below average predicting 23 named storms, 13 typhoons and 7 intense typhoons.[3]

Seasonal summary

Tropical Storm Megi (2022)
Tropical Storm Malakas intensifying east of Yap as Tropical Storm Megi nears the Visayas and later stalls in the Leyte Gulf, bringing massive flooding and landslides to the Philippines.

The first two months of 2022 were relatively quiet in the Western Pacific Ocean. In the final week of March, a tropical depression formed west of Palawan and headed for Vietnam, and received the designation of 01W from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, but the system did not last long and dissipated the next day. In early April, the systems designated as 02W and 03W formed. 02W went on to become Tropical Storm Malakas, which later intensified into the first tropical storm, and later the first typhoon of the season. It also received the name Basyang from PAGASA, but only lasted 5 hours inside the Philippine Area of Responsibility. 03W received the name Agaton from PAGASA and first struck Guiuan in Eastern Visayas before eventually moving westward, and later intensifying into Tropical Storm Megi. Megi brought catastrophic flooding and landslides to the country as it remained almost stationary in the Leyte Gulf before making landfall, which effectively made it the deadliest tropical cyclone ever recorded in the month of April in the Philippines. Megi later dissipated on April 13, as Malakas developed into a Category 4-equivalent typhoon. Malakas then began to rapidly weaken as it headed northeast and became extratropical, and the basin quieted down for the rest of April. No storms formed during the entirety of May, with a minor tropical depression forming east of Mindanao formed on May 30, and later dissipated on that day.

Tropical Storm Chaba (left) continuing to intensify in the South China Sea, while Tropical Storm Aere (Domeng) (right) is moving north slowly across the Philippine Sea.

Nearing the end of June, a tropical depression formed west of Luzon where it received the name Caloy by the PAGASA. Caloy then intensified into a tropical storm a day later, gaining the international name Chaba. Around the same time, a new Low Pressure Area (LPA) east of Northern Luzon was given a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert by JTWC, and was named by PAGASA as Domeng. The system eventually strengthened into a tropical storm where the JMA named the system Aere. Chaba continued to intensify until it reached Severe Tropical Storm status as Aere moved poleward and threatened the Japanese Ryukyu Islands.

Systems

Tropical Depression 01W

Tropical depression (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationMarch 29 – March 31
Peak intensity<55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min);
1006 hPa (mbar)

A disturbance that formed after crossing the Visayas region and Palawan on late March developed into a low-pressure area southeast of Da Nang, Vietnam. It then developed into a tropical depression, the first one of the 2022 Pacific typhoon season, at 18:00 UTC on March 29.[6] At 21:00 UTC the same day, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) for the system.[7] On the next day, the agency upgraded to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation 01W. Shortly after, they issued their final advisory on the system after it eventually struck in the southeastern part of Vietnam on March 30.[8]

In Vietnam, floods caused by the depression have killed 6 people, left 1 missing and 8 injured. Flooding also caused 2 houses to collapse, 50 houses to lose their roofs, 229 boats to sink, and 2,592 rafts to be damaged.[9]

Typhoon Malakas (Basyang)

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationApril 6 – April 15
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min);
950 hPa (mbar)

The JTWC first noted the existence of a tropical disturbance on April 3.[10] Favorable conditions near the system helped it develop, with the JMA recognizing the system as a tropical depression on April 6.[11] Later in the day, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system.[12] The following day, the JTWC recognized the system as a tropical depression and gave it the designation 02W.[13] At 21:00 UTC, the JTWC then upgraded it to a tropical storm.[14] On April 8, the system developed into a tropical storm and was named Malakas by the JMA.[15] Malakas continued traveling over the Pacific Ocean, and began to slowly intensify, becoming a severe tropical storm on the April 11, then a typhoon by April 12.[16][17] At around the same time, it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), receiving the local name of Basyang from the PAGASA at 03:00 UTC.[18] Malakas then lingered for a while at the border of the PAR before eventually exiting 5 hours later,[19] while intensifying into a Category 2-equivalent typhoon. Malakas then continued its intensification, reaching Category 3-equivalent status later that day, and into a Category 4-equivalent typhoon on April 13, reaching its peak intensity. The following day, Malakas weakened to a Category 3-equivalent typhoon[20] as its eye structure degraded.[21] It further weakened to Category 1-equivalent status later in the day.[20] By April 15, it began its transition into an extratropical cyclone, with its structure rapidly deteriorating. The JTWC gave their final warning on the system at 09:00 UTC of the same day,[22] while the JMA did the same around 18:00 UTC.[23]

Tropical Storm Megi (Agaton)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationApril 8 – April 13
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min);
998 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Tropical Storm Megi (2022)

On April 8, the JTWC noted the persistence of an area of convection 359 nautical miles (665 km; 413 mi) west-northwest of Palau.[24] Since the storm's conditions were favorable for development, the JMA included the storm in its weather summary as a tropical depression off the coast east of Visayas later that day.[24][25] Around the same time, the PAGASA announced that the system had developed into a tropical depression, was named Agaton by the agency.[26] The PAGASA began issuing Tropical Cyclone Bulletins (TCBs) for the storm later that day.[27] On the next day, the JTWC later issued a TCFA for the system.[28] At 03:00 UTC, the agency upgraded it to a tropical depression and assigned it the identifier 03W.[29] On April 10, the JMA upgraded it to a tropical storm, assigning it the name Megi.[30] It made its first landfall in Calicoan Island, Guiuan at 07:30 PHT (23:30 UTC).[31] Megi then stalled in the Leyte Gulf for hours before making its second landfall in Basey, Samar.[32] Megi then weakened into a tropical depression after lingering over the islands of Samar and Leyte, and the PAGASA removed all warning signals as it dissipated into a remnant low on the midnight of April 13.[33]

From April 8 to April 10, the storm meandered along the Eastern Visayas region, dumping heavy rain on the region.[34] The PAGASA raised storm signals up to Signal No. 2 during the storm's onslaught.[35][36] Cebu City was placed under a state of calamity following the heavy rain.[37] Megi killed 214 people which made it the deadliest April tropical cyclone on record in the Philippines,[38][39] injured eight people,[40] and capsized a cargo boat in Ormoc following strong rains, winds, and flash floods that also displaced over 136,390 individuals.[41] The Department of Agriculture estimated agricultural damage to reach ₱3.27 billion,[42] while the Department of Public Works and Highways estimated infrastructural damage at ₱1.45 billion. Total damage from the storm is thus valued at ₱4.72 billion (US$90.8 million).[43]

Typhoon Chaba (Caloy)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationJune 28 – Present
Peak intensity130 km/h (80 mph) (10-min);
965 hPa (mbar)

A low-pressure area west of Luzon developed into a tropical depression on June 28.[44][45] At 20:00 PHT (12:00 UTC), the PAGASA had recognized the storm's development into a tropical depression, began issuing advisories, and named the system Caloy.[46] The following day, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the system.[47] Caloy remained almost stationary in the South China Sea before slowly moving northwestwards, eventually leaving the Philippine Area of Responsibility by 15:00 UTC.[48][49] As the PAGASA issued its last bulletin on the tropical depression, the JTWC began issuing warnings for the storm and was given the designation 04W.[50][51] Later, the Japan Meteorological Agency upgraded Caloy into a tropical storm, naming it Chaba.[52] Chaba continued to intensify in the South China Sea, later being upgraded into a severe tropical storm east of Hainan.[53] Typhoon Chaba's outer rainbands produced at least three tornadoes, which impacted Shantou, Chaozhou, and Foshan.[54][55][56] On July 1 at 21:00 UTC, the JTWC upgraded Chaba to a typhoon,[57] with the JMA doing the same 3 hours later on July 2 at 0:00 UTC.[58] Later that day at 10:00 UTC, it made landfall on Maoming.[59] Shortly after its landfall, both the JMA and the JTWC assessed that Chaba lost typhoon status, downgrading Chaba to a severe tropical storm and to a tropical storm respectively.[60][61] The JTWC then issued their final warning on Chaba at 15:00 UTC.[62] Shortly after, the JMA downgraded Chaba to a tropical storm;[63] it was further downgraded to a tropical depression on July 3 at 06:00 UTC.[64]

160 nautical miles (300 km; 180 mi) southwest of Hong Kong, the Fujing 001, a crane vessel tasked in assisting with the construction of an offshore wind farm, split in half and quickly sunk— leaving 27 crew members missing.[65][66] 3 of the 30 crew members were rescued, seen in a video published online by the Hong Kong Government Flying Service.[67] More than 400 flights were suspended in Hainan; one person was injured in Macau.[68]

Tropical Storm Aere (Domeng)

Tropical Storm Aere
Current storm status
Tropical storm  (JMA)
Current storm status
Tropical depression (1-min mean)
Satellite image
Forecast map
As of:12:00 UTC, July 3
Location:28°30′N 126°24′E / 28.5°N 126.4°E / 28.5; 126.4 (Tropical Storm Aere)
144 nautical miles (265 km; 165 mi) NNW of Kadena Air Base
Sustained winds:35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph) (10-min mean)
gusting to 50 knots (95 km/h; 60 mph)
30 knots (55 km/h; 35 mph) (1-min mean)
Pressure:996 hPa (29.41 inHg)
Movement:NW at 6 kn (11 km/h; 6.9 mph)
See more detailed information.

On June 30, the JTWC began issuing TCFAs for a tropical disturbance in the Philippine Sea, 530 nautical miles (980 km; 610 mi) south-southeast of Kadena Air Base in Japan.[69] At 14:00 PHT (06:00 UTC), the PAGASA recognized the disturbance's formation into a tropical depression, began issuing tropical cyclone bulletins, and named the system Domeng.[70] The JMA recognized the storm as a tropical depression at 12:00 UTC on the same day;[71] the JTWC followed shortly after.[72] On the next day, the Japan Meteorological Agency upgraded Domeng into a tropical storm and named it Aere as it was east of Batanes.[73] Aere then continued to track north and at 03:00 UTC on July 2, Aere left the Philippine Area of Responsibility; the PAGASA released its final bulletin on the storm shortly after.[74]

Current storm information

As of 12:00 UTC July 3, Tropical Storm Aere is located near 28°30′N 126°24′E / 28.5°N 126.4°E / 28.5; 126.4 (Aere) or about 144 nautical miles (265 km; 165 mi) north-northwest of Kadena Air Base. Maximum 10-minute sustained winds are at 35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph), with gusts up to 50 knots (95 km/h; 60 mph), while maximum 1-minute sustained winds are at 30 knots (55 km/h; 35 mph). The minimum central barometric pressure is 996 hPa (29.41 inHg), and the system is moving northwest at 6 kn (11 km/h; 6.9 mph).

For the latest official information, see

Other systems

A low-pressure area developed into a tropical depression to the northeast of Mindanao early on May 30,[75][76] but quickly dissipated near Mindanao late on the same day.[77][78]

Storm names

See also: Tropical cyclone naming and History of tropical cyclone naming

Within the Northwest Pacific Ocean, both the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) and the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assign names to tropical cyclones that develop in the Western Pacific, which can result in a tropical cyclone having two names.[79] The Japan Meteorological Agency's RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center assigns international names to tropical cyclones on behalf of the World Meteorological Organization's Typhoon Committee, should they be judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h (40 mph).[80] PAGASA names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their area of responsibility located between 135°E and 115°E and between 5°N and 25°N even if the cyclone has had an international name assigned to it.[79] The names of significant tropical cyclones are retired, by both PAGASA and the Typhoon Committee.[80] Should the list of names for the Philippine region be exhausted then names will be taken from an auxiliary list of which the first ten are published each season. Unused names are marked in gray.

International names

Main article: List of retired Pacific typhoon names

A tropical cyclone is named when it is judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h (40 mph).[81] The JMA selected the names from a list of 140 names, that had been developed by the 14 members nations and territories of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee.[82] Retired names, if any, will be announced by the WMO in 2023; though replacement names will be announced in 2024. The next 28 names on the naming list are listed here along with their international numeric designation, if they are used.

  • Malakas (2201)
  • Megi (2202)
  • Chaba (2203) (active)
  • Aere (2204) (active)
  • Songda (unused)
  • Trases (unused)
  • Mulan (unused)
  • Meari (unused)
  • Ma-on (unused)
  • Tokage (unused)
  • Hinnamnor (unused)
  • Muifa (unused)
  • Merbok (unused)
  • Nanmadol (unused)
  • Talas (unused)
  • Noru (unused)
  • Kulap (unused)
  • Roke (unused)
  • Sonca (unused)
  • Nesat (unused)
  • Haitang (unused)
  • Nalgae (unused)
  • Banyan (unused)
  • Yamaneko (unused)
  • Pakhar (unused)
  • Sanvu (unused)
  • Mawar (unused)
  • Guchol (unused)


Philippines

Main article: List of retired Philippine typhoon names

This season, PAGASA will use its own naming scheme, that will either develop within or move into their self-defined area of responsibility.[83] The names were taken from a list of names, that was last used during 2018 and are scheduled to be used again during 2026.[83] All of the names are the same except Obet, Rosal and Umberto which replaced the names Ompong, Rosita and Usman after they were retired.[83]

  • Agaton (2202)
  • Basyang (2201)
  • Caloy (2203)
  • Domeng (2204)
  • Ester (unused)
  • Florita (unused)
  • Gardo (unused)
  • Henry (unused)
  • Inday (unused)
  • Josie (unused)
  • Karding (unused)
  • Luis (unused)
  • Maymay (unused)
  • Neneng (unused)
  • Obet (unused)
  • Paeng (unused)
  • Queenie (unused)
  • Rosal (unused)
  • Samuel (unused)
  • Tomas (unused)
  • Umberto (unused)
  • Venus (unused)
  • Waldo (unused)
  • Yayang (unused)
  • Zeny (unused)

Auxiliary list

  • Agila (unused)
  • Bagwis (unused)
  • Chito (unused)
  • Diego (unused)
  • Elena (unused)
  • Felino (unused)
  • Gunding (unused)
  • Harriet (unused)
  • Indang (unused)
  • Jessa (unused)

Season effects

This table summarizes all the systems that developed within or moved into the North Pacific Ocean, to the west of the International Date Line during 2022. The tables also provide an overview of a system's intensity, duration, land areas affected and any deaths or damages associated with the system.

Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Category Wind speed Pressure
01W March 29 – 31 Tropical depression Not specified 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) Vietnam Minimal 6 [9]
Malakas (Basyang) April 6 – 15 Very strong typhoon 155 km/h (100 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Caroline Islands, Bonin Islands None None
Megi (Agaton) April 8 – 13 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Philippines $90.8 million 214 [38]
TD May 30 Tropical depression Not specified 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) Philippines None None
Chaba (Caloy) June 28 – Present Strong typhoon 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) South China Unknown Unknown
Aere (Domeng) June 30 – Present Tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Ryukyu Islands None None
Season aggregates
6 systems March 29 – Season ongoing 155 km/h (100 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) $90.8 million 220

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b A super typhoon is an unofficial category used by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) for a typhoon with winds of at least 240 km/h (150 mph).[2]
  2. ^ The Japan Meteorological Agency is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacific Ocean.
  3. ^ The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the western Pacific Ocean and other regions.[1]

References

  1. ^ "Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 2011. Archived from the original on July 26, 2007. Retrieved July 25, 2012.
  2. ^ Frequently Asked Questions (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center. August 13, 2012. Archived from the original on October 4, 2013. Retrieved September 22, 2012.
  3. ^ a b c Saunders, Mark; Lea, Adam (May 5, 2022). Extended Range Forecast for Northwest Pacific Typhoon Activity in 2022 (PDF) (Report). Tropical Storm Risk Consortium. Retrieved May 5, 2022.
  4. ^ a b c d 143rd Climate Forum Climate Outlook January–June 2022 (PDF) (Seasonal Climate Outlook). Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. December 22, 2021. p. 32. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 30, 2021. Retrieved December 22, 2021.
  5. ^ a b 149th Climate Forum July–December 2022 (PDF) (Seasonal Climate Outlook). Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. June 29, 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 30, 222. Retrieved June 30, 2022. {{cite report}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; June 30, 2022 suggested (help)
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  7. ^ Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (Invest 93W) (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. March 29, 2021. Archived from the original on March 29, 2021. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
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  15. ^ Japan Meteorological Agency (April 8, 2022). RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory on Tropical Storm 2201 (Malakas) (Report). Archived from the original on April 8, 2022. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
  16. ^ Japan Meteorological Agency (April 10, 2022). RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory on Tropical Storm 2201 (Malakas) (Report). Archived from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
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  20. ^ a b "bwp022022.dat". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved June 28, 2022 – via National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
  21. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 02W (Malakas) Warning No. 28 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. April 13, 2022. Archived from the original on April 14, 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2022.
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  24. ^ a b Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans, 0330Z 3 April 2022 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. April 3, 2022. Retrieved April 3, 2022. {{cite report}}: |archive-url= requires |archive-date= (help)
  25. ^ Japan Meteorological Agency (April 8, 2022). WWJP27 RJTD 081800 (Report). Archived from the original on April 8, 2022. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
  26. ^ PAGASA. "At 2:00 AM today, the Low Pressure Area east of Visayas developed into Tropical Depression #AgatonPH. Tropical Cyclone Bulletins will be issued starting at 5AM today". Archived from the original on April 8, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
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  28. ^ Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (Invest 94W) (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. April 9, 2022. Retrieved April 9, 2022. {{cite report}}: |archive-url= requires |archive-date= (help)
  29. ^ Tropical Depression 03W (Three) Warning No. 1 (Report). United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center. April 9, 2022. Retrieved April 9, 2022. {{cite report}}: |archive-url= requires |archive-date= (help)
  30. ^ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory Name TS 2202 Megi (2202) Upgraded from TD". Japan Meteorological Agency. April 10, 2022. Archived from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
  31. ^ "'Agaton' slightly weakens; to make landfall over Leyte's eastern coast, says PAGASA". ABS-CBN News. April 10, 2022. Archived from the original on April 11, 2022. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
  32. ^ "At 4:00 PM today, Tropical Depression "AGATON" made landfall over Basey, Samar. #AgatonPH". Twitter. Archived from the original on April 12, 2022. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
  33. ^ Sarao, Zacarian (April 13, 2022). "Agaton weakens into LPA but will still cause heavy rainfall". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on April 13, 2022. Retrieved April 13, 2022.
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