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Insane Clown Posse

Insane Clown Posse is an American hip hop duo formed in Delray, Detroit. The group consists of Joseph Bruce and Joseph Utsler, who perform under the stage names and personas Violent J and Shaggy 2 Dope, a pair of murderous "wicked clowns".[1][2] Insane Clown Posse performs a style of hardcore hip hop referred to as "horrorcore",[3] and are known both for their dark, violent lyrics and their elaborate live performances.[4] Insane Clown Posse has earned two platinum albums and three gold albums,[5] but have been criticized for the violent content and perceived immaturity of their lyrics.[6] Originally formed under the name Inner City Posse, a dream involving a vision resembling a traveling carnival prompted a name change and the introduction of supernatural and horror-themed lyrics.[7][8]

Bruce and Utsler founded the independent record label Psychopathic Records with manager Alex Abbiss. The themes of Insane Clown Posse and other acts on Psychopathic Records center on the story of the Dark Carnival, an omnipotent force manifested as stories surrounding a series of characters, each one offering a specific lesson designed to change the "evil ways" of listeners before "the end consumes us all".[9] Insane Clown Posse has dedicated followers, whom they call Juggalos and Juggalettes.[10] The group produced and starred in a feature film, Big Money Hustlas, formed their own wrestling federation, Juggalo Championship Wrestling, and have collaborated with many famous hip hop and rock musicians.

History

Early history (1988–1994)

Joseph Bruce (Violent J) and Joseph Utsler (Shaggy 2 Dope) met in a suburb north of Detroit and wrestled in various backyard rings.[7] Poverty and a difficult home life eventually drove Bruce to move in with Rudy "The Rude Boy" Hill in the ghetto of Delray, a residential neighborhood in the industrial southwest side of Detroit, where Bruce, Utsler and Hill formed a gang called Inner City Posse.[7] Bruce and Utsler began listening to hip hop. Along with Utsler's brother, John Kickjazz, they performed at local clubs as a group under the same name, and released the self-produced EP Dog Beats in 1991.[11] Increasing violence and jail time forced them to abandon gang life.[7]

In late 1991, Bruce had a dream in which spirits traveling in a traveling carnival appeared to him, and this image would become the basis for the Dark Carnival detailed in the group's "Joker's Card" series.[11][12] The group renamed themselves Insane Clown Posse, began wearing face paint as part of their act, and initiated recording for their first album with producer Chuck Miller, under their new group name. They eventually recorded their albums with producer Mike E. Clark, who would continue to work with the duo throughout their career. The album featured appearances from local rappers, including Esham and a then-relatively unknown Kid Rock.[11][12]

"Ghetto Freak Show" (sample)
"Ghetto Freak Show", from the group's 1992 album Carnival of Carnage.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

Without a manager, Bruce's brother Robert recommended Alex Abbiss, who formed the record label Psychopathic Records with the group in 1991. Insane Clown Posse's debut album, Carnival of Carnage, was released on October 18, 1992, with its distribution limited to the Detroit area.[8] All Music Guide reviewer Stephen Thomas Erlewine likened the album to "a third-rate Beastie Boys supported by a cut-rate Faith No More, all tempered with the sensibility that made GWAR cult heroes—only with [...] more sexism and jokes that [...] wind up sounding racist."[11] As the group attracted local attention, John Kickjazz left the group.[8] The follow-up EP, Beverly Kills 50187, sold well and gained a larger audience. During a live performance, Bruce addressed the audience as "Juggalos," and the positive response resulted in the group using the phrase thereafter.[8]

File:Faygo 3-liters.JPG
ICP often reference Faygo in their lyrics and have incorporated it into their concert performances.

The group's second studio album, The Ringmaster, was released on March 8, 1994 and resulted in the selling out of larger clubs in Detroit. The group toured nationwide, which resulted in increased sales.[13] The Ringmaster was eventually certified gold.[5] During a live performance from this period, Bruce and Utsler decided that since they had made reference to the Detroit-produced soft drink Faygo in their songs, "[we] figured it would be cool to have some on stage with us."[14] During the concert, Bruce threw an open bottle of Faygo at a row of concertgoers who were giving them the finger. After receiving a positive response, Bruce and Utsler have since continued to spray it onto their audiences.[14]

The group's second EP, The Terror Wheel, was released on August 5, 1994. One of the songs from the EP, "Dead Body Man", received moderate local radio play. The same year marked their first Hallowicked concert, which has since continued annually on Halloween night in Detroit.[13]

Major releases (1995–1997)

In 1995, Bruce and Utsler made attempts to sign with a major label, and eventually signed a contract with Jive Records, who released the group's third studio album, Riddle Box, on October 10, 1995.[15] When the label made no attempt to promote the album, ICP funded the promotion of Riddle Box themselves. This led the group to Dallas, Texas, where they were able to persuade all music stores to stock the album; sales averaged 1,500 copies per week as a result.[15] Abbiss had made a deal with Disney-owned label Hollywood Records, who reportedly paid $1 million to buy out the group's Jive contract.[16]

File:Insane Clown Posse Halls of Illusions.jpg
The music video for "Halls of Illusions" summarizes the themes of The Great Milenko, which was recalled by the Disney-owned Hollywood Records.

ICP began production on their fourth studio album, The Great Milenko (1996), during which Disney requested that the tracks "The Neden Game," "Under the Moon," and "Boogie Woogie Wu" be removed from the album, and that the lyrics of other tracks be changed, threatening that they would refuse to release the album otherwise.[17][18] Bruce and Utsler complied, and went on tour with House of Krazees as their opening act.[17]

During a record store autograph signing, ICP were notified that Hollywood had recalled the album within hours of its release, even though it had sold 18,000 copies in that timespan and had reached #63 on the Billboard Top 200.[19][20] Disney was under fire from the Southern Baptist Church at the time due to the promotion of "Gay Days" at Disneyland, in addition to presiding over the gay-themed T.V. sitcom Ellen; the church claimed Disney was turning its back on "family values."[21] While Abbiss told the press that Disney had stopped production of The Great Milenko to avoid further controversy, Disney refuted his statement, claiming that their discontinuation of the album was due to an initial oversight by their review board, who said the record "did not fit the Disney image" due to its "inappropriate" lyrics.[22] Disney also claimed that some of the album's lyrics were sexist.[23]

ICP left Hollywood and signed with Island Records, who agreed to release the uncensored version of the album.[17][18] Entertainment Weekly music critic David Browne gave the record a C- rating: "[With] its puerile humor and intentionally ugly metal-rap tunes, the album feels oddly dated." [19] The Great Milenko was certified platinum with over 1.5 million copies sold.[5]

Feud with Eminem

In late 1997, Bruce and Utsler met fellow Detroit rapper Eminem, who invited the duo to a release party for The Slim Shady EP. Eminem handed them an event flyer that had promoted a possible ICP appearance, but without the group's permission. Bruce refused the invitation and Eminem took it as a personal offense, and attacked the group in radio interviews. Bruce and Utsler responded by releasing a parody of "My Name Is" titled "Slim Anus." Further barbs between Eminem and Insane Clown Posse continued.[24][25]

Eminem attacked ICP affiliate Douglas Dail in June 2000, pulling a gun on him in a car audio store parking lot in Royal Oak, Michigan.[26] He pled guilty to a lesser charge in exchange for two years' probation and a $10,000 fine.[27] In the spring of 2001, ICP road manager William Dail was arrested in Omaha, Nebraska for allegedly choking a man who waved an Eminem T-shirt in front of the band. He was charged for misdemeanor assault and battery, which was reduced to a $100 fine after he pled guilty to a lesser charge.[28][29] In a 2002 interview, Bruce stated that the rivalry between Eminem and Insane Clown Posse had ended.[30]

Mainstream success (1998–1999)

One of the group's first projects with Island was an hour-long MTV documentary entitled Shockumentary, which helped increase album sales.[31] Insane Clown Posse went back on the road with House of Krazees, which disbanded halfway through the tour. Two of its members, Jamie Madrox and Monoxide Child, formed the group Twiztid and eventually signed with Psychopathic.[31] On November 16, 1997, Bruce was arrested on an aggravated battery charge after allegedly striking an audience member thirty times with his microphone at a concert in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Bruce was held for four hours before being released on $5,000 bail.[32]

The group's tour was briefly derailed in January 1998, when the group's tour bus drifted off a highway and down a bank, leaving Frank Moreno of Psycho Realm with a concussion. As a result of the accident, Insane Clown Posse postponed two shows set for Cleveland, Ohio on January 22 and 23, but honored their promise to play the dates on January 25 and 26.[33] On June 4, 1998, Bruce and Utsler pleaded guilty to misdemeanor disorderly conduct charges in an Indiana court and were both fined $200 after fighting with a customer in a local Waffle House restaurant, who, allegedly, verbally harassed the group and threw a punch at Bruce. The initial charge of battery was reduced. Members of Twiztid, Myzery, and Psycho Realm were also involved in the fight and charged with battery.[34]

On April 19, 1998, Bruce suffered a panic attack during the middle of a show and had to be carried off stage. Bruce spent two days in a Michigan mental health program. Insane Clown Posse later canceled the last two weeks worth of dates on its U.S. tour, but eventually launched their first European tour.[35] In Detroit, Bruce and Utsler began staging wrestling shows, originally called Strangle-Mania. Their increasing popularity resulted in a call to wrestle for the WWF. Bruce and Utsler wrestled in every major federation before forming their own wrestling league, Juggalo Championshit Wrestling, or JCW, later renamed "Juggalo Championship Wrestling".[31]

File:Insane Clown Posse Another Love Song.jpg
Twiztid and Insane Clown Posse in the music video for "Another Love Song" from The Amazing Jeckel Brothers, which is considered to be ICP's most accomplished album.

Bruce and Utsler performed at Woodstock 1999 and completed their fifth studio album, The Amazing Jeckel Brothers in the same year. Stephen Thomas Erlewine gave the album a four out of five star rating, writing that "[Insane Clown Posse] actually delivered an album that comes close to fulfilling whatever promise their ridiculous, carnivalesque blend of hardcore hip-hop and shock-metal had in the first place".[36] The album was released on May 25, 1999, reached number four on the Billboard album charts[37] and has been certified platinum by the RIAA.[5] Bruce and Utsler also produced a feature film, Big Money Hustlas, directed by Osaka Popstar frontman John Cafiero, and released it direct-to-video on July 18, 2000.[31]

During the August 20, 1999 episode of The Howard Stern Show, Bruce and Utsler clashed with fellow guest Sharon Osbourne over an earlier incident in which Coal Chamber, whom Osbourne managed at the time, was fired by Insane Clown Posse two shows into their tour with Biohazard due to poor ticket sales, leading Coal Chamber to sue Bruce and Utsler for breach of contract.[38] Osbourne stated that her group was receiving $12,500 per show for a scheduled two-month package tour. Bruce stated that Insane Clown Posse fans were not open to Coal Chamber's music and that refunds decreased after the group had been removed from the tour.[38] Osbourne bet Bruce $50,000 that Insane Clown Posse's next album would not sell more than 200,000 copies, and that they would be subsequently dropped from their distributor, telling them "You're dead. Your career is over."[38] Bruce predicted that the group's next album would sell at least 500,000 units.[38] In 2000, Bruce and Utsler staged the first annual Gathering of the Juggalos, a three-day music festival games, seminars, contests, sideshows, and concerts featuring all Psychopathic Records artists.[31]

Independent releases (2000–present)

In January 10, 2000, Utsler collapsed on stage during a performance at the House of Blues in Chicago, and was rushed to Northern Hospital, where his collapse was diagnosed as being flu-related in conjunction with abnormally low blood sugar. As a result of the incident, a week's worth of concert dates had to be rescheduled.[39] Insane Clown Posse's sixth and seventh studio albums, Bizzar and Bizaar, were released on October 31, 2000, peaking at numbers 20 and 21 on the Billboard 200.[40][41] In The New Rolling Stone Album Guide, Ben Sisario wrote that the albums "qualify as ICP's masterworks of both merchandising and music". Both albums were given three out of five stars.[42] The albums combined to sell 400,000 units, which fell short of Bruce's prediction, but exceeded Osbourne's expectations. However, the group was subsequently dropped from Island Records.[43]

Bruce and Utsler later signed a deal with Sony BMG's RED Distribution to distribute every release on Psychopathic Records, which would remain independently funded, produced, and recorded.[31] On June 15, 2001, Bruce was arrested in Columbia, Missouri for an outstanding warrant in St. Louis stemming from an incident in February 2001, when Insane Clown Posse allegedly attacked employees of a St. Louis radio station over disparaging remarks a disc jockey made on the air. Bruce was detained by police who used several squad cars to stop Bruce, Utsler, and two associates a few miles from a venue where the group had completed a concert. Bruce was transferred to St. Louis the following day and released on bail on June 18 with no charges filed.[1]

When the sixth Joker's Card debuted, it was revealed that the face of the sixth Joker's Card was "The Wraith" (or simply Death), who had two "exhibits" to present to all who would listen: Shangri-La and Hell, and that each would be given its own album.[44] On November 5, 2002, Insane Clown Posse released their eighth studio album, The Wraith: Shangri-La, where it is revealed that the hidden message of their music was always to follow God and make it to Heaven. Ben Sisario criticizes the series' ending in the Rolling Stone Album Guide, writing "the whole thing was some bland divine plan [...] Is this man's final dis of God, or His of us?"[42] The Wraith: Shangri-La debuted at #15 on Billboard's Top Independent Albums.[45] Following the release of The Wraith: Shangri-La, Bruce stated that he was considering not going through with the production of Hell's Pit. Bruce is quoted as saying "Shangri-La is the end of the road. It's the end of the Joker's Cards. After this I could do anything I want, for the rest of my life. The positivity was so unbelievable."[46]

On August 31, 2004, the group released their ninth studio album, Hell's Pit, the second exhibit of The Wraith, intended to warn listeners of the horrors of Hell. Bruce described the album as the darkest, most painful work he had ever done.[47] Two versions of the album were released, each containing a different DVD. One release featured a live concert and a twelve-minute music video for the song "Real Underground Baby", and another featured a short film for the song "Bowling Balls", which was the first 3-D film filmed in high-definition video.[47] On March 20, 2007, the group released their tenth studio album, The Tempest, which debuted at number 20 on the U.S. Billboard 200, selling about 33,000 copies in its first week.[5][48]

Style and influences

"Jake Jeckel" (sample)
"Jake Jeckel", from the group's 1999 album The Amazing Jeckel Brothers.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

Insane Clown Posse is often cited as an example of "horrorcore" hip hop, which is described as a style that "utilize[s] shocking (and blatantly over the top) narratives to give an over-exaggerated, almost cartoon-like version of urban deprivation in Detroit".[3] Insane Clown Posse's earlier work features a rawer, minimalistic sound, while later work features a rock-oriented sound.[12] The group's lyrics serve as a form of morality tale,[9] with songs focusing on subjects such as cannibalism,[19] rape, murder, and necrophilia.[49] Insane Clown Posse's debut album, Carnival of Carnage, features a more politically-oriented focus, criticizing elitism and prejudice against those who live in the ghetto.[50] The album's liner notes also criticize the Gulf War.[50] The group's lyrics have opposed racism, bigotry,[51] domestic violence, and child abuse.[52]

Insane Clown Posse has covered songs by Geto Boys,[53] Sly Fox[54] and Above the Law.[55] Bruce and Utsler refer to the "acid rap" style of Esham as an influence on their own music,[8] and have expressed admiration for Pearl Jam[56] and Michael Jackson.[57] Mike E. Clark's production for the group incorporates elements such as "carnival organ riffs, power chords and shotgun blasts [...] banjolike plucking and Van Halen-esque guitar squeals",[58] while Bruce and Utsler sometimes alternate between rapping and screaming.[59] In his review of The Tempest, All Music Guide's David Jeffries writes that Bruce and Utsler "[rap] in a carnival barker fashion that fits with their circus motif, their Insane Clown disguises, and Mike E. Clark's big top-inspired production".[60] Insane Clown Posse has influenced similar acts, such as Blaze Ya Dead Homie and Boondox.[61][62]

Live performances

File:Shaggy 2 Dope.jpg
Shaggy 2 Dope (Joseph Utsler) films the audience during a 2003 performance.

Insane Clown Posse is known for their elaborate concert performances. In Marley Brant's Tales from the Rock 'n' Roll Highway, Joseph Bruce described a typical performance: "We toss out, kick out, and shoot out into the crowd about three to four hundred two-liters of Faygo soda at every show. [...] We bring with us monsters, dancing clowns, girls, trampolines, and pure and absolute madness to the stage."[14] Performances feature backdrops including, among other settings, a game show set and a cemetery.[63][64] Bruce stated that "Shaggy and I know that without all that crazy shit going on around us, we'd just be two more idiots walking back and forth, rapping on stage. [...] ICP's motto has always been 'Fuck keepin' it real: we just keep it entertaining.'"[14]

While touring following the release of Carnival of Carnage, Insane Clown Posse was booked to play at Big Rapids University in Michigan. After the duo was announced by their manager, Alex Abbiss, Bruce remembers that "[w]e came out with no microphones or nothing; we were just right up in the people's faces. Shaggy and I were just fuckin' yelling over our own cassette. The people were staring at us in amazement and bewilderment. They must have been in shock and awe. We finished our two-song set, and the crowd [...] didn't cheer or boo. They just stood there, stunned."[14]

The group was unable to bring the large amounts of Faygo, needed for their typical concerts, to their European tours without a sales permit visa because customs believed that the group had intended to sell the soda at their concerts. As a result, the group's European record label ended up purchasing similar quantities of another soda and creating fake Faygo stickers to label the bottles. According to Bruce, "The craziness was this: they were not the regular two-liter bottles we're used to; they were some other amount [...] maybe one-and-a-half-liter bottles. Over there, they make their plastic bottles taller and thinner. [...] when you're doing what we do with them—that makes a world of difference."[14] During a performance in England, Bruce recounts that he "rocketed one of them bottles off my foot and that motherfucker shot straight up and out like a guided Patriot missile, right towards the disco ball high above the crowd. [...] The bottle nailed the disco ball, and [...] came falling down [...] on top of some English kid's head. [...] We must've knocked fifteen or twenty people flat-out cold on that tour [...] Shaggy and I both had black eyes and several injuries and bruises ourselves from them things hittin' us."[14]

During their Woodstock '99 performance, Bruce and Utsler felt that the tickets to the event were over-priced and that they needed to "give something back".[14] According to Bruce, "We brought along these big beach balls. We announced to the crowd that they each had a hundred dollars taped to them, and then we proceeded to kick about thirty of them into the crowd. Then we rolled out these bigger giant-ass beach balls and announced, 'These ones have five hundred bucks taped to them!' We booted a gang of them into the human sea."[14]

Controversy and criticism

The January 1998 issue of Spin magazine ran a four-page cartoon lampooning Insane Clown Posse and Juggalos, claiming that the group was offensive "not for their obscenity, but for their stupidity", likening the group's stage act to "a sort of circus karaoke", and portraying the group's fans as a pack of chubby suburbanites. On the group's website, Bruce responded to the article by stating "I could give a fuck less."[6] Insane Clown Posse has been voted the worst band of any genre of music in Blender.[65] In his review for The Amazing Jeckel Brothers, Rolling Stone writer Barry Walters referred to the group as "the ultimate wack MCs".[58] The satirical newspaper The Onion ridiculed the perceived immaturity of the musicians and, by extension, their fan base, in an article titled "Insane Clown Posse Gets Ride To Concert From Mom".[66] They have been criticized for the extremely violent and lyrically dark content of their music.[4][67] The word "juggalo" has been the subject of criticism from both Ben Sisario of Rolling Stone and Stephen Thomas Erlewine of All Music Guide, who suggested that the term is similar to the racial slur "jigaboo".[42][68]

On February 1, 2006, Insane Clown Posse fan Jacob D. Robida attacked people in a gay bar in New Bedford, Massachusetts with a handgun and a hatchet, a weapon featured in the logo of the group's record label, Psychopathic Records.[69][70] Robida wore a swastika tattoo and flaunted Nazi insignia and paraphernalia on his website.[71] On February 5, he killed a traffic officer at a routine stop. When police stopped him, he killed his girlfriend, Jennifer Bailey of Charleston, WV and opened fire on the police. He was shot twice in the head during the shootout with the police and died later in the hospital.[70] On February 7, 2006, Insane Clown Posse released a statement on the Robida attacks. Alex Abbiss, the group's manager, extended Bruce and Utsler's condolences and prayers to the families of the victims, stating that "It's quite obvious that this guy had no clue what being a Juggalo is all about. If anyone knows anything at all about ICP, then you know that they have never, ever been down or will be down with any racist or bigotry bullshit."[72]

In wrestling

  • Entrance themes
    • 1997–1998: "Oddities", performed by Insane Clown Posse, in WWF.[76]
    • 1998–2000: "Take It", performed by Insane Clown Posse, in WCW.[77]
    • 2000–present: "Chicken Huntin' (Slaughterhouse Remix)", performed by Insane Clown Posse, in JCW, TNA, and anywhere else they compete.[73]

Championships and accomplishments

Discography

Main article: Insane Clown Posse discography

References

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  2. ^ Insane Clown Posse (1992). "The Juggla". Carnival of Carnage. Psychopathic Records. ISBN 7356504100424
  3. ^ a b Cohen, Sara (2007). Decline, Renewal and the City in Popular Music Culture: Beyond The Beatles. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. page 52. ISBN 0754632431. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help)
  4. ^ a b Chun, Kimberly (October 10, 2001). "Built To Spew". SF Gate. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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  11. ^ a b c d All Music Guide to Hip-Hop: The Definitive Guide to Rap & Hip-hop. Backbeat Books. 2003. pp. pages 229—231. ISBN 0879307595. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  12. ^ a b c McIver, Joel (2002). Nu-metal: The Next Generation of Rock & Punk. Omnibus Press. pp. page 64. ISBN 0711992096. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help)
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  19. ^ a b c Browne, David (July 25, 1997). "Review of The Great Milenko". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2008-05-08. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
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  24. ^ Meinzer, Melissa (November 9, 2006). "Juggalos Are Us: Get past the clown makeup, the violent lyrics and the sea of thrown soda and we're all about family, say Insane Clown Posse fan". Pittsburgh City Paper. Retrieved 2008-05-31. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  25. ^ Markley, Craig. "Musician of the Week: The Insane Clown Posse". Publicity Whore. Retrieved 2008-05-31.
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  29. ^ Rosen, Craig (August 2, 2001). "ICP Tour Manager Pleads Guilty In Eminem T-Shirt Incident". Yahoo! Music. Retrieved 2008-02-03. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  30. ^ Friedman, David. "Interview with Violent J". Murder Dog Archives. Retrieved 2008-05-31.
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  34. ^ Bendersky, Ari (June 11, 1998). "Insane Clown Posse Plead Guilty". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
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  36. ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Review of The Amazing Jeckel Brothers". All Music Guide. Retrieved 2008-05-08. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
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  38. ^ a b c d Fischer, Blair R (August 20, 1999). "Insane Clown Posse and Sharon Osbourne Battle on Howard Stern Radio Show". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  39. ^ Johnson, Tina (January 12, 2000). "Insane Clown Posse Postpones Shows After Shaggy 2 Dope Collapses On Stage". MTV. Retrieved 2008-05-04. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
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  51. ^ Insane Clown Posse (1992). "Your Rebel Flag". Carnival of Carnage. Psychopathic Records. ISBN 7356504100424
  52. ^ Insane Clown Posse (1997). "Halls of Illusions". The Great Milenko. Island/Psychopathic Records. ISBN 731452444226
  53. ^ Insane Clown Posse (1999). The Amazing Jeckel Brothers. "Assassins". Island/Psychopathic. ISBN 731452465924
  54. ^ Insane Clown Posse (2000). Bizzar. "Let's Go All The Way". Island/Psychopathic. ISBN 731454817523
  55. ^ Insane Clown Posse (2002). The Wraith: Shangri-La. "Murder Rap". Psychopathic Records. ISBN 822489991224
  56. ^ Hiatt, Brian (July 16, 2001). "ICP's Juggalos Riot, Punch Police Horse, Cut Clowns' Set Short At Fan Convention". MTV News. Retrieved 2008-06-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  57. ^ "Jokers wild". The Sydney Morning Herald. May 9, 2003. Retrieved 2008-06-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  58. ^ a b Walters, Barry (1999). "Insane Clown Posse: The Amazing Jeckel Brothers: Music Reviews". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  59. ^ Valdivia, Victor W. "Review of Bizzar". All Music Guide. Retrieved 2008-06-05.
  60. ^ Jeffries, David. "Review of The Tempest". All Music Guide. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
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  64. ^ Taylor, Lindsey (October 31, 2007). "Concert Review: ICP's Indy stop leaves crazed fans sticky, yet satisfied". JagBytes. Retrieved 2008-05-05. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  65. ^ "The 50 Worst Artists in Music History". Blender. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  66. ^ "Insane Clown Posse Gets Ride To Concert From Mom". The Onion. August 4, 1999. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  67. ^ Powers, Ann (August 24, 1999). "POP REVIEW; A Couple Of Clowns Who Take The Name Seriously". The New York Times. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  68. ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Review of Carnival of Carnage". All Music Guide. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  69. ^ "Man, 18, sought after gun, hatchet attack at gay bar". CNN.com. February 2, 2006. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
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  71. ^ Williams, Margo (February 4, 2000). "Friends Thought Helping Gay Bar Shooter Evade Police". Boston Bureau. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  72. ^ "Insane Clown Posse Juggalos: Responsible for Massachusetts Gay Bar Massacre?". The Village Voice. February 10, 2006. Retrieved 2007-12-26. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  73. ^ a b Insane Clown Posse (Wrestlers). JCW SLAM TV, Volume 2 (DVD). Detroit, Michigan: Psychopathic Video. {{cite AV media}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |date2= ignored (help)
  74. ^ Insane Clown Posse (Wrestlers). Juggalo Championshxt Wrestling Volume 1 (DVD). Detroit, Michigan: Psychopathic Video. ISBN 756504220092. {{cite AV media}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check |isbn= value: length (help); Unknown parameter |date2= ignored (help)
  75. ^ Insane Clown Posse (Wrestlers). Hell's Pit (CD/DVD). Detroit, Michigan: Psychopathic Records/Psychopathic Video. Event occurs at "Bowling Balls" music video. ISBN 756504404126. {{cite AV media}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check |isbn= value: length (help); Unknown parameter |date2= ignored (help)
  76. ^ WWF: The Music 3 (CD). Koch Records. ISBN 099923880325. {{cite AV media}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check |isbn= value: length (help)
  77. ^ WCW Mayhem. Tommy Boy Records. ISBN 016998135327. {{cite AV media}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check |isbn= value: length (help)
  78. ^ "JCW Heavyweight Title History". Solie's Title Histories. Retrieved 2008-06-06.
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