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Books of the Bible

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Books of the Bible are listed differently in the canons of Jews, and Catholic, Protestant, Greek Orthodox, Slavonic Orthodox, Georgian, Armenian Apostolic, Syriac and Ethiopian Churches, although there is substantial overlap. A table comparing the canons of some of these denominations appears below, for both the Old Testament and the New Testament. For a detailed discussion of the differences, see "Biblical canon."

The Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic churches may have minor differences in their lists of accepted books. The list given here for these churches is the most inclusive: if at least one Eastern church accepts the book, it is included here. The books included by the Roman Catholic Church are universally included in the Eastern canons.

Tanakh or Old Testament

A table cell with an asterisk (*) indicates that a book is present but in a different order. Empty cells indicate that a book is absent from that canon; such books are often called apocrypha, a term that is sometimes used specifically (and possibly pejoratively) to describe the books in the Catholic and Orthodox canon that are absent from the Protestant Bible; Orthodox and Catholic Christians describe these books as deuterocanonical, meaning 'of the second canon'.

Note that this table uses the spellings of the Douay-Rheims Bible in describing the Catholic biblical canon. More recent Catholic translations use similar or identical spellings (e.g. 1 Chronicles) as Protestant Bibles in those books which are jointly considered canonical.

Tanakh
(Jewish Bible) 		Protestant Old Testament Catholic Old Testament (Douay) Greek Orthodox Old Testament Slavonic Old Testament Original Language
Torah or Pentateuch
Genesis Genesis Genesis Genesis Genesis Hebrew
Exodus Exodus Exodus Exodus Exodus Hebrew
Leviticus Leviticus Leviticus Leviticus Leviticus Hebrew
Numbers Numbers Numbers Numbers Numbers Hebrew
Deuteronomy Deuteronomy Deuteronomy Deuteronomy Deuteronomy Hebrew
Nevi'im or Prophets
Historical books
Joshua Joshua Joshua Joshua Joshua Hebrew
Judges Judges Judges Judges Judges Hebrew
see below Ruth Ruth Ruth Ruth Hebrew
Samuel 1 Samuel 1 Kings 1 Samuel (1 Kingdoms)[1] 1 Kingdoms Hebrew
2 Samuel 2 Kings 2 Samuel (2 Kingdoms)[1] 2 Kingdoms Hebrew
Kings 1 Kings 3 Kings 1 Kings (3 Kingdoms)[1] 3 Kingdoms Hebrew
2 Kings 4 Kings 2 Kings (4 Kingdoms)[1] 4 Kingdoms Hebrew
Chronicles
see below 		1 Chronicles 1 Paralipomenon 1 Chronicles 1 Chronicles Hebrew
2 Chronicles 2 Paralipomenon 2 Chronicles 2 Chronicles Hebrew
1 Esdras
 (2 Esdras)* Greek
Ezra (includes Nehemiah)
see below 		Ezra 1 Esdras Ezra (2 Esdras)[1] [2] Ezra Hebrew(+Aramaic)
Nehemiah 2 Esdras (Nehemias) Nehemiah (2 Esdras)[1] [2] Nehemiah Hebrew
(1 Esdras)* 2 Esdras
 Greek
Tobias Tobit Tobit Aramaic
Judith Judith Judith Hebrew
see below Esther Esther[3] Esther[3] Esther[3] Hebrew
1 Machabees[4] 1 Maccabees see below Hebrew or Aramaic?
2 Machabees[4] 2 Maccabees see below Greek
3 Maccabees Greek
4 Maccabees Greek
Wisdom books
see below Job Job Job Job Hebrew
see below Psalms Psalms Psalms[5] Psalms[5] Hebrew
Odes[6] Hebrew(+Greek)
see below Proverbs Proverbs Proverbs Proverbs Hebrew
see below Ecclesiastes Ecclesiastes Ecclesiastes Ecclesiastes Hebrew
see below Song of Solomon Canticle of Canticles Song of Solomon Song of Songs Hebrew
Wisdom Wisdom Wisdom of Solomon Greek
Ecclesiasticus Sirach Sirach Hebrew(+Greek)
Major prophets
Isaiah Isaiah Isaias Isaiah Isaiah Hebrew
Jeremiah Jeremiah Jeremias Jeremiah Jeremiah Hebrew(+Aramaic)
see below Lamentations Lamentations Lamentations Lamentations of Jeremiah Hebrew
* * Letter of Jeremiah Greek (or Hebrew?)[7]
Baruch[8] Baruch[8] Baruch[8] Hebrew (and Greek?)[9]
Letter of Jeremiah[10] * Greek (or Hebrew?)[7]
Ezekiel Ezekiel Ezechiel Ezekiel Ezekiel Hebrew
see below Daniel Daniel[11] Daniel[11] Daniel[11] Hebrew+Aramaic
Minor prophets
The Twelve Prophets Hosea Osee Hosea Hosea Hebrew
Joel Joel Joel Joel Hebrew
Amos Amos Amos Amos Hebrew
Obadiah Abdias Obadiah Obadiah Hebrew
Jonah Jonah Jonah Jonah Hebrew
Micah Micaeus Micah Micah Hebrew
Nahum Nahum Nahum Nahum Hebrew
Habakkuk Habacuc Habakkuk Habakkuk Hebrew
Zephaniah Sophonias Zephaniah Zephaniah Hebrew
Haggai Aggaeus Haggai Haggai Hebrew
Zechariah Zacharias Zechariah Zechariah Hebrew
Malachi Malachias Malachi Malachi Hebrew
Ketuvim or Writings[12]
Psalms Hebrew
Proverbs Hebrew
Job Hebrew
Song of Songs Hebrew
Ruth Hebrew
Lamentations Hebrew
Ecclesiastes Hebrew
Esther Hebrew
Daniel Hebrew+Aramaic
Ezra (includes Nehemiah) Hebrew(+Aramaic)
Chronicles Hebrew
see above[4] 1 Maccabees Hebrew or Aramaic?
see above[4] 2 Maccabees Greek

New Testament

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In general, among Christian groups the New Testament canon is agreed-upon, although book order can vary.

Catholic, Protestant, Greek Orthodox Lutheran Protestant Bible Slavonic Orthodox Bible Ethiopian Bible Original Language
The Gospels
Matthew Matthew Matthew Matthew Greek (or Aramaic or Hebrew?)[13]
Mark Mark Mark Mark Greek
Luke Luke Luke Luke Greek
John John John John Greek
The History
Acts Acts Acts Acts Greek
The General Epistles
James Greek
1 Peter Greek
2 Peter Greek
1 John Greek
2 John Greek
3 John Greek
Jude Greek
The Pauline Epistles
Romans Romans Romans Romans Greek
1 Corinthians 1 Corinthians 1 Corinthians 1 Corinthians Greek
2 Corinthians 2 Corinthians 2 Corinthians 2 Corinthians Greek
Galatians Galatians Galatians Galatians Greek
Ephesians Ephesians Ephesians Ephesians Greek
Philippians Philippians Philippians Philippians Greek
Colossians Colossians Colossians Colossians Greek
1 Thessalonians 1 Thessalonians 1 Thessalonians 1 Thessalonians Greek
2 Thessalonians 2 Thessalonians 2 Thessalonians 2 Thessalonians Greek
1 Timothy 1 Timothy 1 Timothy 1 Timothy Greek
2 Timothy 2 Timothy 2 Timothy 2 Timothy Greek
Titus Titus Titus Titus Greek
Philemon Philemon Philemon Philemon Greek
The General Epistles The General Epistles
Hebrews Hebrews Hebrews Hebrews Greek (or Hebrew?)[14]
James James Greek
1 Peter 1 Peter 1 Peter Greek
2 Peter 2 Peter 2 Peter Greek
1 John 1 John 1 John Greek
2 John 2 John 2 John Greek
3 John 3 John 3 John Greek
James Greek
Jude Jude Jude Greek
Books questioned by Luther
Hebrews Greek (or Hebrew?)[14]
James Greek
Jude Greek
Revelation of Christ to John (Apocalypse of St. John) Revelation of Christ to John Revelation of Christ to John Revelation of Christ to John Greek

The Ethiopian Orthodox Church has a few additional books in its canon: Jubilees, Book of Enoch, 4 Baruch along with three books of Meqabyan that are unique to their canon.

The Peshitta excludes 2-3 John, 2 Peter, Jude, and Revelation, but Bibles of the modern Syriac Orthodox Church include later translations of those books along with the Letter of Baruch (sometimes included as part of 2 Baruch). Still today the official lectionary followed by the Syrian Orthodox Church (with headquarters at Kottayam (Kerala), and the Chaldean Syriac Church, also known as the Church of the East (Nestorian), with headquarters at Trichur (Kerala)) presents lessons from only the twenty-two books of Peshitta, the version to which appeal is made for the settlement of doctrinal questions.

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The Third Epistle to the Corinthians and the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs were once considered part of the Armenian Orthodox Bible, but are no longer printed with modern editions.

Anglican Apocrypha

These are the Apocrypha as defined by the Thirty-nine Articles of Anglicanism. The apocryphal Books are listed in the order of the Vulgate.

3 Esdras
4 Esdras
Tobit
Judith
The Rest of Esther
The Wisdom of Solomon
Ecclesiasticus (Sirach)
Baruch, with the Letter of Jeremiah
The Song of the Three Young Men with the Prayer of Azariah
The Story of Susanna
Bel and the Dragon
The Prayer of Manasseh
1 Maccabees
2 Maccabees

See also

Template:Bibleportal

Notes

Return links: Tanakh or Old Testament — New Testament

  1. ^ a b c d e f Names in brackets are the Septuagint names and are often used by the Orthodox Christians.
  2. ^ a b Some Eastern Orthodox churches follow the Septuagint and the Hebrew bibles by considering the books of Ezra and Nehemiah as one book.
  3. ^ a b c The Catholic and Orthodox Book of Esther includes 103 verses not in the Protestant Book of Esther.
  4. ^ a b c d The Latin Vulgate, Douay-Rheims, and Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition place First and Second Maccabees after Malachi; other Catholic translations place them after Esther.
  5. ^ a b Eastern Orthodox churches include Psalm 151, not present in all canons.
  6. ^ The Book of Odes includes the Prayer of Manasseh. This book is not present in the Catholic or Protestant Old Testaments.
  7. ^ a b New English Translation of the Septuagint
  8. ^ a b c In Catholic Bibles, Baruch includes a sixth chapter called the Letter of Jeremiah. Baruch is not in the Protestant Bible or the Tanakh.
  9. ^ Britannica 1911
  10. ^ Eastern Orthodox Bibles have the books of Baruch and the Letter of Jeremiah separate.
  11. ^ a b c In Catholic and Orthodox Bibles, Daniel includes three sections not included in Protestant Bibles. The Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children are included between Daniel 3:23-24. Susanna is included as Daniel 13. Bel and the Dragon is included as Daniel 14. These are not in the Protestant Old Testament.
  12. ^ These books are found among the historical and wisdom books of the Christian canons.
  13. ^ Most scholars consider the Gospel of Matthew to have been written in Koine Greek, though some experts maintain the view that it was originally composed in Aramaic or Hebrew. See Wikipedia's Gospel of Matthew and New Testament articles.
  14. ^ a b Contemporary scholars believe the Hebrews to have been written in Greek, though a minority believe it was originally written in Hebrew, then translated into Greek by Luke. See Wikipedia's New Testament article.
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