Jump to content

Council on American–Islamic Relations

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 75.161.149.223 (talk) at 23:43, 12 January 2010 (→‎Criticisms). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Council on American-Islamic Relations
FormationJune 1994 by Omar Ahmad, Nihad Awad, and Rafeeq Jaber of the Islamic Association of Palestine
TypeNon-profit NGO
PurposeDefending Muslim civil rights, promoting tolerance,
fighting bigotry
HeadquartersWashington, D.C.
Location
  • 453 New Jersey Ave., S.E.
Region served
United States
Executive Director
Nihad Awad
Key people
Larry Shaw, Chairman
Ibrahim Hooper, National Communications Director
Staff
70+
Volunteers
300+
Websitecair.com

The Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) describes itself as America's largest Muslim civil liberties group. Founded in 1994 by officers of the Islamic Association of Palestine, it is headquartered on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC, with regional offices nationwide and in Canada.[1]

Through media relations, lobbying, and education, CAIR presents what it views as an Islamic perspective on issues of importance to the American public, and seeks to empower the American Muslim community and encourage its social and political activism.

Critics of CAIR note that it was named an unindicted coconspirator in the Holy Land Foundation trial, accuse it of being a front group for Hamas, being a member of the Muslim Brotherhood's Palestine Committee, and associating with antisemitism, and have raised concerns about the group's foreign Arab funding.

Mission and offices

CAIR's mission statement is "to enhance understanding of Islam, encourage dialogue, protect civil liberties, empower American Muslims, and build coalitions that promote justice and mutual understanding".[2]

CAIR’s literature describes the group as promoting understanding of Islam and protecting Muslim civil liberties. It has intervened on behalf of many American Muslims who claim discrimination, profiling, or harassment.[3][4][5] Its stated core principles include supporting freedom of religion, protecting all Americans' civil rights, and encouraging inter-faith dialogue. CAIR believes that "the active practice of Islam strengthens the social and religious fabric of our nation."[6]

CAIR is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization with affiliates in 19 states (many of which manage multiple offices), and 33 chapters in the US and Canada. CAIR and its affiliates are managed by board members from 50 American cities, and combined employ more than 70 full-time staff, serving millions of American Muslims.[7] CAIR annual reports are available to all members and donors,[1] as well as online.[8]

History

Early years (1994-2001)

CAIR was founded in June 1994[9] by three officers of the Islamic Association of Palestine (IAP)—Omar Ahmad (IAP President; became CAIR President), Nihad Awad (IAP PR Director; became CAIR Secretary & Treasurer), and Rafeeq Jaber (IAP Chicago Chapter President; became CAIR Vice President).[10] Also, Ibrahim "Dougie" Hooper, who assisted Awad's media efforts, became CAIR's communications director. IAP was an Islamist organization that it was later revealed raised money in the US for Hamas, though it billed itself as "a not-for-profit, public-awareness, educational, political, social, and civic, national grassroots organization".[10]

In 1994 CAIR investigated and sought to resolve what it views as incidents of anti-Muslim insults and stereotypes in films,[11] documentaries, greeting cards,[12] and commercials. CAIR has continued to inform depictions of Muslims nationwide. It objected to a representation of Muhammad with a sword carved on a wall in the U.S. Supreme Court building; though it was unable to be removed, literature handed out on tours of the building was revised to reflect greater respect for Islam and Muhammad.[13][14]

In 1995, CAIR handled its first case of hijab (the headscarf traditionally worn by Muslim women) discrimination, in which a Muslim employee was denied the right to wear hijab; this type of complaint is now one of the most common received by CAIR's civil rights department.[15][16][17]

CAIR continued its advocacy work in the aftermath of the April 19, 1995 terrorist attack on the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. Following the attack, Muslim-Americans were subjected to more harassment and hate crimes;[18][19] 222 hate crimes against Muslims nationwide were reported in the days immediately following the bombing.[20][21]

In 1996, CAIR began “CAIR-NET”, a read-only e-mail listserve aimed to help American Muslims identify and combat anti-Muslim prejudice in the U.S. and Canada. CAIR-NET contains descriptions of incidents or news, often followed by information as to who readers may contact to influence resolution of an issue.[22] CAIR also held its first voter registration drive in 1996; CAIR continues to encourage active political participation by American Muslims, for them to address political candidates and elected representatives with greater frequency.[23]

In 1998 CAIR convinced Nike to remake a line of sneakers that said "Allah" on the heel.[24]

Post-9/11 (2001-present)

CAIR claims to have joined other Muslim groups in condemning the September 11 attacks in 2001 "within hours of the first plane crashing into the World Trade Center", which its considers to be consistent with its general approach to terrorism.[25] As evidence, CAIR points to a paid advertisement it took out in the Washington Post condemning 9-11 and terrorism in general.[7]

CAIR increased its advocacy work again after the September 11 attacks. In October 2001 CAIR stated that it was opposed to the US's Afghan campaign.[26] By January 2002, four months after the attacks, the CAIR said that it had received 1,658 reports of discrimination, profiling, harassment, and physical assaults against persons appearing Arab or Muslim, a three-fold increase over the prior year. The reports included beatings, death threats, abusive police practices, and employment and airline-related discrimination."[27] In its 2002 civil rights report, CAIR concluded that "the status of Muslim civil rights has deteriorated sharply", and complained that "the sweeping actions of the government have disturbed the lives of individuals and ethnic and religious communities.”[28] The largest percentage of complaints had to do with alleged profiling of Muslims at US airports.[29]

CAIR has conducted investigations, issued reports, held press conferences, filed lawsuits, and organized political action to protest aspects of U.S. counterterrorism policy.

In 2002 CAIR launched an effort to "put quality materials about Islam in all 17,000 public libraries in the United States."[30] The initiative was funded with an initial $500,000 contribution from Saudi Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud, whose donation to the Twin Towers Fund was refused by then-Mayor Rudy Guliani because it came with a letter blaming US support for Israel for the 9/11 attacks.[30]

In 2003 CAIR employee Randall "Ismael" Royer was arrested for his role in the Northern Virginia jihad terrorist network.[31]

In 2004 CAIR launched a "Not In the Name of Islam" petition in order to "disassociate the faith of Islam from the violent acts of a few Muslims." It encouraged Islamic organizations, mosques, and individuals to sign it. The petition repudiated terrorism and any group that committed such acts, citing a portion of the Quran that told believers to stand for justice even if it was against friends or family.[32] The petition was posted on CAIR's homepage, and garned over 690,000 signatures before being taken down in a sitewide renovation in 2007.[33]

In 2005 CAIR coordinated the release of a fatwa that stated: “Islam strictly condemns religious extremism and the use of violence against innocent lives. There is no justification in Islam for extremism or terrorism. Targeting civilians' life and property through suicide bombings or any other method of attack is haram or forbidden—and those who commit these barbaric acts are criminals, not martyrs.”[34] The fatwa was notable, however, in that it did not condemn attacks on military targets, and is not—like other fatwas—binding on Muslims everywhere.[35]

Also in 2005, following the Qur'an desecration controversy of 2005 at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp, CAIR initiated an "Explore the Quran" campaign, aimed at providing free copies of the Quran to any person who requested it.[36] Nearly 34,000 Americans requested a copy.

In 2006, during the protests over cartoons depicting Muhammad, CAIR responded by launching an educational program "Explore the Life of Muhammad", to bring "people of all faiths together to learn more about the Islamic Prophet Muhammad and to use mutual understanding as a counterweight to the tensions created by the cartoon controversy".[37][38] It provided free copies of a DVD or book about the life of Muhammad to any person who requested it. Almost 16,000 Americans requested materials.[7][39][40] In June 2006, CAIR announced a $50 million project to create a better understanding of Islam and Muslims in the US. ($10 million per year for five years), in a project to be spearheaded by Paul Findley, a former US Congressman.[41]

California Senator Barbara Boxer in December 2006 withdrew a "certificate of accomplishment" originally given to former CAIR official Basim Elkarra after Boxer's staff looked into CAIR, and she became concerned about some of CAIR's past statements and actions, and statements by some law enforcement officials that it provides aid to international terrorist groups.[30][42]

check from Holy Land Foundation
to CAIR

In May 2007, the US filed an action against the Holy Land Foundation for providing funds to Hamas, and federal prosecutors filed pleadings listing CAIR (and its chairman emeritus, Omar Ahmad), and two other Islamic groups as unindicted co-conspirators, a legal designation that can be employed for a variety of reasons including grants of immunity, pragmatic considerations, and evidentiary concerns.[43]

The Investigative Project on Terrorism reported that on August 7, 2007, a Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent testified at the Holy Land Foundation trial that CAIR was "listed as a member of the Muslim Brotherhood's Palestine Committee", that it had received money from the Foundation (conflicting with Nihad Awad's Congressional testimony), and that co-founders Awad and Omar Ahmad were "listed as individual members [of] the Brotherhood Palestine Committee in America."[44]

In 2008, the FBI discontinued its long-standing relationship with CAIR. Officials said the decision followed the conviction of the HLF directors for funneling millions of dollars to Hamas, revelations that Nihal Awad had participated in planning meetings with HLF, and CAIR's failure to provide details of its ties to Hamas.[45][46] During a 2008 retrial of the HLF case, FBI Special Agent Lara Burns labeled CAIR "a front group for Hamas."[47] In January 2009, the FBI's DC office instructed all field offices to cut ties with CAIR, as the ban extended into the Obama administration.[48]

U.S. Congressmen Sue Myrick (R-NC), Trent Franks (R-AZ), John Shadegg (R-AZ), and Paul Broun (R-GA) wrote Attorney General Eric Holder on October 21, 2009, that they were very concerned about CAIR's relationships with terrorist groups, and requesting that the DOJ provide each Congressman a summary of DOJ's evidence and findings that led DOJ to name CAIR an unindicted co-conspirator in the Holy Land Foundation terrorism trial.[49][50] The four Congressmen also wrote House of Representatives Sergeant at Arms Wilson Livingood a letter the same day asking that he work with members of the House Judiciary, Homeland Security, and Intelligence Committees to determine if CAIR was successful in placing interns in the committees' offices, to review FBI and DOJ evidence regarding CAIR's Hamas ties, and to determine whether CAIR is a security threat.[51] Congresswoman Loretta Sanchez (D-CA), "appalled", said "I urge the rest of my colleagues to join me in denouncing this witch hunt."[52][53] She was echoed by Keith Ellison (D-MN), the first Muslim elected to the U.S. Congress, in a speech that included a statement by the House's Tri-Caucus.[54][55] The four Republican Congressmen, joined by Senator Tom Coburn (R-OK) and Congressman Patrick McHenry (R-NC), then wrote IRS Commissioner Douglas H. Shulman on November 16, 2009, asking that CAIR be investigated for excessive lobbying and failing to register as a lobbying organization.[56][57]

Projects and media

CAIR conducts research on the American Muslim community, releasing annual reports on public opinion and demographic statistics on the community,[58] as well as annual Civil Rights reports concerning issues such as hate crimes, discrimination, and profiling.[59] It also sponsors voter registration drives and outreach, and interfaith relations with other religious groups in America.[2]

CAIR officials are often interviewed by major national, local, and international media on news programs involving Muslims in America. In five years CAIR officials were cited over 11,000 times by media, including CNN, MSNBC, BBC, ABC, Fox, NBC, CBS, Washington Post, USA Today, and the New York Times. Editorials written by CAIR officials are published nationwide.[2][7]

Partners and relationships

CAIR officials have met or regularly meet with current and former US Presidents, members of their respective administrations, members of Congress, governors, mayors, members of state legislatures, and county commissioners. Several CAIR affiliates have received proclamations and citations from mayors and county commissioners.[60] The organization itself has received praise from congressmen and women to top military officials such as General Wesley Clark, who “applaud[ed] its efforts to ensure that all Americans…are treated equally and given the same constitutional rights.”[61] CAIR also regularly meets with national, state, and local law enforcement officials.[7]

CAIR has conducted diversity/sensitivity training on Islam and Muslims for the FBI, US Armed Forces, several local and state law enforcement agencies, and many US corporations.[60] CAIR works in close cooperation with other civic and civil liberties groups such as the American Civil Liberties Union, Amnesty International, NAACP, Hispanic Unity, Organization of Chinese Americans, Japanese American Citizens League, Sikh Mediawatch, Jewish Council on Urban Affairs, and Resource Task Force.[3] CAIR has also formed a partnership with the National Council of Churches and held discussions with representatives of the National Association of Evangelicals.[6] In 2003, the Ohio chapter of the ACLU gave its annual Liberty Flame Award to the Ohio chapter of CAIR "for contributions to the advancement and protection of civil liberties."[62]

CAIR is also a member of the American Muslim Political Coordination Council (AMPCC), created in 1999, along with the American Muslim Alliance (AMA), American Muslim Council (AMC), and Muslim Public Affairs Council (MPC). AMPCC's primary concern is to coordinate the member organizations on activism and lobbying.[63][64]

Criticisms

Critics of CAIR, including six members of the U.S. House and Senate,[45][65][66] have alleged ties between the CAIR founders and Hamas as well as Hezballah. The founders, Omar Ahmad and Nihad Awad, had earlier been officers of the Islamic Association of Palestine (IAP), described by a former FBI analyst and Treasury Department intelligence official as "intimately tied to the most senior Hamas leadership."[67] Both Ahmad and Awad participated in a meeting held in Philadelphia on October 3, 1993, that involved senior leaders of Hamas, the Holy Land Foundation, and the IAP.[68][69][70] Based on electronic surveillance of the meeting, the FBI reported that “the participants went to great length and spent much effort hiding their association with the Islamic Resistance Movement [Hamas]."[71] Participants at the meeting discussed forming a "political organization and public relations” body, “whose Islamic hue is not very conspicuous."[72]

Critics also point to a July 1994 meeting identifying CAIR as one of the four U.S. organizations comprising the working organizations of the Palestine Committee of the U.S. Muslim Brotherhood, the parent organization and supporter of Hamas.[73][74] At a 1994 meeting at Barry University, Awad said that he was "in support of the Hamas movement", though CAIR has sought to downplay his comment, stating Hamas was only designated a terrorist organization in January 1995 and did not commit its first wave of suicide bombings until late 1994, after Awad made the comment.[75][76]

According to the New York Times, CAIR has also "raised some suspicion by accepting large donations from individuals or foundations closely identified with Arab governments", as well as accepting funds from Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal of Saudi Arabia.[77]

Daniel Pipes, the Anti-Defamation League, and investigative reporter Steven Emerson accuse CAIR of having ties to Hamas, terrorism, and antisemitism, as well as "offering a platform to conspiratorial Israel-bashers ".[78][79][80][81][82] Journalist Jake Tapper criticizes CAIR for refusing to condemn specifically Osama bin Laden and Islamic extremism, but rather making only vague and generic criticisms.[83]

Pipes has accused CAIR of demanding that a billboard declaring Osama bin Laden "the sworn enemy" be brought down in 1998 as "offensive to Moslems", denying bin Laden's responsibility for the Africa embassy bombings, calling the conviction of the 1993 World Trade Center bombers "a travesty of justice," calling the conviction of the blind Sheikh Omar Abdel Rahman a "hate crime", calling the extradition order of suspected Hamas terrorist Mousa Mohammed Abu Marzook "anti-Islamic", calling President Bush's closing of the Holy Land Foundation for collecting money used to support Hamas "unjust" and "disturbing", praising and defending convicted murderer H. Rap Brown and convicted attempted murderer Adnan Chaudhry, and their LA office head calling Israelis "zionazis"; he also says the FBI's former chief of counterterrorism Steven Pomerantz states that CAIR gives aid to international terrorist groups.[84]

CAIR has also raised suspicions by raising its annual budget of around $3 million (as of 2007) in part through large donations from people and foundations identified with Arab governments.[77] And some Muslims criticize CAIR for being overly conservative from a religious standpoint, for example by taking the disputed position that all Moslem women are required to veil their hair.[77]

Responses to criticisms

CAIR suggested that "the statements and agendas of our detractors will show that they represent the extremes in our society."[85] CAIR also stated on its website that in 2004 an FBI agent said "false claims originate from one or two biased sources," and that a senior FBI official said CAIR would just have to live with them. In early 2007, the New York Times said that more than one U.S. government official "described the standards used by critics to link CAIR to terrorism as akin to McCarthyism, essentially guilt by association."[77] At that time (prior to the Holy Land trial), the Times called efforts to link the organization to Hamas and Hezbollah "unsuccessful," citing a retired FBI official who was active through 2005 and who suggested that while "of all the groups, there is probably more suspicion about CAIR", you don't get "cold hard facts".[77] The Times also noted that even though a handful of its former members had faced prosecution, no criminal charges had at the time ever been linked to CAIR.[77] The article further suggested that because CAIR's Washington chapter has repeatedly issued controversial statements, it has been difficult "for senior government officials to associate with the group."[77]

CAIR also says that accusations against it have their roots in its refusal to endorse the US's blanket condemnation of Hezbollah and Hamas, though it says it did criticize Hamas for civilian deaths.[77]

Senator Boxer's 2006 decision "provoked an outcry from organizations that vouch for the group's advocacy, including the ACLU and the California Council of Churches.[77] "They have been a leading organization that has advocated for civil rights and civil liberties in the face of fear and intolerance, in the face of religious and ethnic profiling," said Maya Harris, executive director of the ACLU of Northern California.[77]

Litigation

A book entitled Muslim Mafia: Inside the Secret Underworld That's Conspiring to Islamize America by Paul David Gaubatz and Paul Sperry was published in October 2009. According to the Charlotte Observer, it portrays CAIR "as a subversive organization allied with international terrorists."[86]

CAIR brought a federal civil lawsuit against Dave Gaubatz and his son (who had obtained the book's CAIR source documents as a CAIR intern) for allegedly stealing the documents.[87][88][89][90][91] Gaubatz agreed in early November to return more than 12,000 pages of disputed CAIR records while the judge considered the lawsuit, but in late November before he could do so the U.S. Government, which previously had no role in the lawsuit, filed a motion in the case under seal, and FBI agents served the Gaubatzes' attorneys with a grand jury subpoena demanding the CAIR records.[92]

The Politico noted: "In an interesting twist, despite the book's harsh claims that CAIR is part of a 'jihadist network,' the suit does not allege libel or defamation"[93] American Congress for Truth founder Brigitte Gabriel gave an interview to the conservative Frontpage Magazine's managing editor Jamie Glazov on November 12, 2009, in which she observed: "CAIR filed the suit [against the Gaubatzs] without any press fanfare. This is out of character for CAIR. They normally try to get press attention for anything they do. In this case it appears CAIR does not want any attention drawn to the book."[94]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "CAIR at a Glance". Cite error: The named reference "cair.com" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b c CAIR's Vision, Mission, and Core Principles
  3. ^ a b "25 Facts about CAIR: Did you know?". Council on American-Islamic Relations. Retrieved August 25, 2007.
  4. ^ Muslims' place in the American public square: hope, fears, and aspirations, Zahid Hussain Bukhari, Rowman Altamira, 2004, ISBN 0759106134, 9780759106130
  5. ^ Muslims in the West: from sojourners to citizens, Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad, p. 174, Oxford University Press, 2002, ISBN 0195148053, 9780195148053
  6. ^ a b "Our Vision, Mission and Core Principles". Council on American-Islamic Relations. Retrieved April 11, 2008.
  7. ^ a b c d e [1]
  8. ^ [2]
  9. ^ The North American Muslim resource guide: Muslim community life in the United States and Canada, Mohamed Nimer, Taylor & Francis, 2002, ISBN 0415937280, 9780415937283
  10. ^ a b Kushner, Harvey W. (1998). "The future of terrorism: violence in the new millennium". Retrieved November 27, 2009.
  11. ^ Tubbs, Sharon. "Muslims' Growing Voice." St. Petersburg Times February 3, 2003.
  12. ^ Noakes, Greg. "CAIR Counters Anti-Islam Card." Washington Report on Middle East Affairs November/December 1994: 62-64
  13. ^ [3]
  14. ^ 1997-Causing the recall of the children's book Great Lives: World Religions, which portrayed Muhammad as hating members of other faiths and enjoying violence | (Carvajal, Doreen. "Simon & Schuster Recall Books, Easing Muslim Anger." New York Times May 5, 1997: D10.
  15. ^ Hadda, Yazbeck, and Smith, Jane I., Muslim minorities in the West: visible and invisible, p. 35, Rowman Altamira, 2002, ISBN 075910218X, 9780759102187, accessed November 30, 2009
  16. ^ The Arab Americans New Americans, p. 81, Randa A. Kayyali, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006, ISBN 0313332193, 9780313332197, accessed November 30, 2009
  17. ^ Muslim women in America: the challenge of Islamic identity today, p. 40, Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad, Jane I. Smith, Kathleen M. Moore, Oxford University Press US, 2006, ISBN 0195177835, 9780195177831, accessed November 20, 2009
  18. ^ A Rush to Judgment: A Special Report on Anti-Muslim Stereotyping. Harassment and Hate Crimes Following the Bombing of Oklahoma City's Murrah Federal Building, April 19, 1995(Washington, D.C.: Council on American-Islamic Relations, 1995), 9-20.
  19. ^ "Arab-Americans Suffer Hatred after Bombing," Chicago Sun-Times, May 13, 1995
  20. ^ "Penny Bender, Jumping to Conclusions in Oklahoma City?" American Journalism Review, June 1995
  21. ^ Richard Roper, "Media Stumble Badly in Rush to Judgment," Chicago Sun-Times, April 24, 1995
  22. ^ Smith, Jane. Islam in America. New York. Columbia University Press, 1999.
  23. ^ Wilgoren, Debbi. "Making Muslim Voices Heard: To Promote the Vote, Leaders Provide Answers and Forms." Washington Post September 14, 1996: B01.
  24. ^ The North American Muslim resource guide: Muslim community life in the United States and Canada, Mohamed Nimer, p. 134, Taylor & Francis, 2002, ISBN 0415937280, 9780415937283, accessed December 9, 2009
  25. ^ [4]
  26. ^ Frum, David, and Perle, Richard, An end to evil: how to win the war on terror', Random House, Inc., 2004, ISBN 0345477170, 9780345477170
  27. ^ Cole, David. Enemy Aliens. New York. The New Press, 2003. Page 47
  28. ^ [The Status of Muslim Civil Rights in the United States: Stereotypes and Civil Liberties. 2002 < http://www.cair.com/CivilRights/CivilRightsReports/2002Report.aspx]
  29. ^ Stop the Presses!: The Inside Story of the New Media Revolution, pp. 193-94, Joseph Farah, 2007, ISBN 097904510X, 9780979045103
  30. ^ a b c Tobin, Gary A. (2008). "The trouble with textbooks: distorting history and religion". Retrieved November 29, 2009.
  31. ^ Hamas: Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad, Matthew Levitt, Dennis Ross, Yale University Press, 2007, ISBN 0300122586, 780300122589
  32. ^ CAIR's 'Not in the name of Islam' Petition
  33. ^ August 2007 Archived version of CAIR's site prior to renovation
  34. ^ release
  35. ^ Shienbaum, Jamal Hasan, Beyond jihad: critical voices from inside Islam, p. xxi, Academica Press, LLC, 2006, ISBN 1933146192, 9781933146195, accessed November 30, 2009
  36. ^ The Cartoons Cry, p. 119, Muhammad Tariq Ghazi, AuthorHouse, 2006, ISBN 1425947646, 9781425947644, accessed November 30, 2009
  37. ^ [5]
  38. ^ [6]
  39. ^ Assimilation, tolerance mark U.S. Muslims' reaction to cartoons
  40. ^ [7]
  41. ^ "Media Campaign in US to Dispel Islamophobia". Arab News. June 21, 2006. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |name= ignored (help)
  42. ^ Michael Isikoff and Mark Hosenball (December 29, 2006). "CAIR Play". Newsweek. Retrieved December 30, 2006.
  43. ^ GERSTEIN, Josh (6-04-2007). "Islamic Groups Named in Hamas Funding Case". The New York Sun. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  44. ^ Bawer, Bruce, Surrender: Appeasing Islam, Sacrificing Freedom, Random House, Inc., 2009, ISBN 038552398X, 9780385523981
  45. ^ a b Kyl, Jon (2-24-2009). "Schumer, Kyl, INQUIRE ABOUT RECENT FBI DECISION TO SEVER TIES WITH ISLAMIC GROUP". U.S. Senate. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help) Cite error: The named reference "kylepress" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  46. ^ [8]
  47. ^ Judge due to rule on Holy Land defense evidence challenge Tuesday, October 14, 2008 JASON TRAHAN / The Dallas Morning News
  48. ^ Abrams, Joseph, "FBI Cuts Ties With CAIR Following Terror Financing Trial," FOX News, January 30, 2009, accessed December 3, 2009
  49. ^ "Letter to Attorney General Eric Holder from Representatives Sue Myrick, Trent Franks, John Shadegg, and Paul Broun," October 21, 2009, accessed November 17, 2009
  50. ^ Yager, Jordy, "House Republicans accuse Muslim group of trying to plant spies," The Hill, October 14, 2009, accessed November 17, 2009
  51. ^ "Letter to U.S. House of Representatives Sergeant at Arms Wilson "Bill" Livingood from Representatives Sue Myrick, Trent Franks, John Shadegg, and Paul Broun," October 21, 2009, accessed November 17, 2009
  52. ^ Sherman, Jake, and Kady II, Martin, "Islam group ridicules Muslim 'spies' claim", The Politico October 14, 2009, accessed November 17, 2009
  53. ^ "Report: GOP Reps Accuse Group Of Planting "Spies", CBS4, October 14, 2009, accessed November 17, 2009
  54. ^ Congressional Record -- House, H11767, October 26, 2009, accessed November 15, 2009]
  55. ^ Ellison, Keith M., "Speech Title: Tri-Caucus Welcomes All Interns And Staff", Location: Washington, D.C. House of Representatives, October 26, 2009, accessed November 17, 2009
  56. ^ "Letter to IRS Commissioner Douglas Shulman, from Senator Tom Coburn and Representatives Sue Myrick, Trent Franks, John Shadegg, Paul Broun, and Patrick McHenry," November 16, 2009, accessed November 17, 2009
  57. ^ Elliot, Justin, "Tom Coburn Joins Campaign Against Muslim Group," TPMMuckraker, November 18, 2009, accessed November 18, 2009
  58. ^ CAIR Reports and Surveys
  59. ^ CAIR Civil Rights Reports
  60. ^ a b [9]
  61. ^ [10]
  62. ^ "Ahmad Al-Akhras". CAIR National Board and Staff. Council on American-Islamic Relations. Retrieved April 11, 2008.
  63. ^ Arab-American faces and voices: the origins of an immigrant community, p. 261, Elizabeth Boosahda, University of Texas Press, 2003, ISBN 029270920X, 9780292709201, accessed November 30, 2009
  64. ^ Muslims in the United States: the state of research, Karen Isaksen Leonard, Russell Sage Foundation, 2003, ISBN 0871545306, 9780871545305, accessed November 30, 2009
  65. ^ Myrick, Sue (10-15-2009). "Myrick, Shadegg, Broun, Franks call for CAIR Investigations". U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  66. ^ Mowbray, Joel (1-10-2007). "Boxer's stand". Washington Times. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  67. ^ “Levitt, Mathew, Hamas : Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad, Yale University Press : May 1, 2006. p. 149 ISBN 0300110537
  68. ^ Trehan, Jason (10-07-2008). "FBI: CAIR is a front group, and Holy Land Foundation tapped Hamas clerics for fundraisers". Dallas Morning News. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  69. ^ Himelfarb, Joel (2-09-2009). "FBI Severs CAIR Ties – Group's Credibility Takes a Hit from Holy Land Terror Trial". Accuracy In Media. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  70. ^ "Documents detail Hamas support within U.S." Associated Press. 7-26-2007. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  71. ^ “Levitt, Mathew, Hamas : Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad, Yale University Press : May 1, 2006. p. 148 ISBN 0300110537
  72. ^ TRAHAN, Jason (10-14-2008). "Judge due to rule on Holy Land defense evidence challenge". Dallas Morning News. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  73. ^ Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) Links to Holy Land Foundation
  74. ^ Government Exhibit 016-0078 3:04-CR-240-G U.S. v. Holy Land Foundation http://www1.nefafoundation.org/miscellaneous/HLF/PalCommJuly94MeetingMin_trial2.pdf
  75. ^ Wolf, Frank (6-12-2009). "Rep. Wolf Introduces Sensitive But Unlcassified Information Into Congressional Record". Congressional Record: June 12, 2009. U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  76. ^ Epstein, Mathew (9-10-2003). ""Saudi Support for Islamic Extremism in the United States"" (PDF). Testimony of Matthew Epstein Before the United States Senate Judiciary Committee Subcommittee on Terrorism, Technology, and Homeland Security. Retrieved November 10, 2009. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  77. ^ a b c d e f g h i j MacFarquhar, Neil (March 14, 2007). "Scrutiny Increases for a Group Advocating for Muslims in U.S." New York Times. Retrieved November 30, 2009.
  78. ^ Daniel Pipes (Spring 2006). "CAIR: Islamists Fooling the Establishment". Middle East Quarterly. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  79. ^ "Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR)". Anti-Defamation League. January 28, 2008. Retrieved February 16, 2008.
  80. ^ name=TNR>Steven Emerson (March 28, 2007). "One Muslim advocacy group's not-so-secret terrorist ties". The New Republic Online. The New Republic. Retrieved April 8, 2007.
  81. ^ Steven Emerson (March 24, 2008). "Part 1: CAIR Exposed - As IAP Offshoot, CAIR Followed Pro-Hamas Agenda From the Start". IPT News. [The Investigative Project on Terrorism.
  82. ^ United States Senate Committee of Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs"Money Laundering and Terror Financing Issues in the Middle East." July 13, 2005 Accessed October 16, 2006.
  83. ^ Elshtain, Jean Bethke, Just war against terror: the burden of American power in a violent world, Basic Books, 2004, ISBN 0465019110, 9780465019113, accessed November 29, 2009
  84. ^ Miniatures: views of Islamic and Middle Eastern politics, Daniel Pipes, Transaction Publishers, 2004, ISBN 0765802155, 9780765802156, accessed November 27, 2009
  85. ^ "Urban Legends". Council on American-Islamic Relations. January 19, 2007. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help); Unknown parameter |rl= ignored (help)
  86. ^ Doyle, Michael, "Judge: Controversial 'Muslim Mafia' used stolen papers", Charlotte Observer, November 10, 2009, accessed November 17, 2009
  87. ^ 25-page Opinion of Federal judge Kollar-Kotelly in Counsel on American-Islamic Relations vs. Gaubatz (November 3, 2009), accessed November 17, 2009
  88. ^ Doyle, Michael, "Muslim Mafia Author Ordered to Remove Documents from Web", Kansas City Star, ‎November 9, 2009‎, accessed November 15, 2009
  89. ^ Abbott, Ryan, "Muslims Say Author Spied & Trespassed", Courthouse News, November 2, 2009, accessed November 17, 2009
  90. ^ Levine, Mike, "FBI Ties to CAIR Remain Strained in Obama Administration," Fox News, November 11, 2009, accessed November 15, 2009
  91. ^ Laney, Mary, "What is Going On in America? Corporate Diversity is not National Security," Chicago Daily Observer, November 12, 2009, accessed November 15, 2009
  92. ^ Gerstein, Josh, "FBI moves to seize CAIR records from author," Politico, November 28, 2009, accessed November 28, 2009
  93. ^ Gerstein, Josh, "CAIR sues 'Muslim Mafia' author, son", The Politico, November 2, 2009, accessed November 17, 2009
  94. ^ Glazov, Jamie, "Brigitte Gabriel Takes the Gloves Off on Fort Hood and CAIR," Frontpage Magazine, November 12, 2009, accessed November 19, 2009

News articles

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council_on_American–Islamic_Relations&oldid=337491367"