Ennio Morricone
Ennio Morricone |
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Ennio Morricone, OMRI[1] (born November 10, 1928), is an Italian composer and conductor. He has composed and arranged scores for more than 500 film and television productions.[2] Morricone is considered as one of the most influential film composers since the late 1950s.[3] He is well-known for his long-term collaborations with international acclaimed directors such as Sergio Leone, Brian De Palma, Barry Levinson, and Giuseppe Tornatore.
He wrote the characteristic film scores of Leone's Spaghetti Westerns A Fistful of Dollars (1964), For a Few Dollars More (1965), The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966) and Once Upon a Time in the West (1968). In the 80s, Morricone composed the scores for John Carpenter's horror movie The Thing (1982), Leone's Once Upon a Time in America (1984), Roland Joffé's The Mission (1986), Brian De Palma's The Untouchables (1987) and Giuseppe Tornatore's Cinema Paradiso (1988). His more recent compositions include the scores for Oliver Stone's U Turn (1997), Tornatore's The Legend of 1900 (1998) and Malèna (2000), Mission to Mars (2000) by Brian De Palma, Fateless (2005), and Baaria - La porta del vento (2009).
Morricone has won two Grammy Awards, two Golden Globes and five Anthony Asquith Awards for Film Music by BAFTA in 1979–1992. He has been nominated for five Academy Awards for Best Music, Original Score in 1979–2001. He received the Honorary Academy Award in 2007 "for his magnificent and multifaceted contributions to the art of film music".[4], only the second composer to be so honored since the award's introduction in 1928.
Biography
Classical music
Morricone was born in Rome, the son of Libera and Mario Morricone, a jazz trumpeter.[5] Morricone wrote his first compositions when he was six years old and was encouraged to develop these natural talents.[6] Compelled to take up the trumpet, he had first gone to the National Academy of Santa Cecilia to take lessons on the instrument at the age of nine. Morricone formally entered the conservatory in 1940 at the age of 12, enrolling in a four-year harmony program. According to various reports, he completed it in either two years or six months (date approximate).[7] He was educated at the in the trumpet, composition, choral music, and choral direction under Goffredo Petrassi, who deeply influenced him and to whom Morricone has dedicated concert pieces.
These were the difficult years of World War II in the heavily bombed "open city"; the composer remarked that what he mostly remembered of those years was the hunger. His wartime experiences influenced many of his scores for films set in that period.
After he graduated, he continued to work in classical composition and arrangement. In 1946, Morricone received his trumpet diploma and in the same year he composed "Il Mattino" ("The Morning") for voice and piano on a text by Fukuko, first in a group of 7 "youth" Lieder. Other "serious" compositions are "Imitazione" (1947) for voice and piano on a text by Giacomo Leopardi and "Intimita" for voice and piano on a text by Olinto Dini.
In the early 1950s, Morricone began writing his first background music for radio dramas. Nonetheless he continued composing classical pieces as "Distacco I e Distacco II" for voice and piano on a text by Ranieri Gnoli, "Verra' la Morte" for contralto and piano on a text by Cesare Pavese, "Oboe Sommerso" for baritone and five instruments on a text by Salvatore Quasimodo.[8]
Although the composer had received the "Diploma in Instrumentation for Band" (fanfare) in 1952, his studies concluded in 1954, obtaining a diploma in Composition under the composer Goffredo Petrassi. In 1955 he started to write or arrange music for films credited to other already well-known composers (ghost writing). He occasionally adopted westernised pseudonyms, such as Dan Savio and Leo Nichols.
He wrote more in the climate of the Italian avant-garde. Few of these compositions have been made available on CD, and some have yet to be premiered.
Early pop arrangements
In 1956, Morricone started to support his family by playing in a jazz band and arranging pop songs for the Italian broadcasting service RAI.[7] He was hired by RAI in 1958, but quit his job on his first day at work when he was told that broadcasting of music composed by employees was forbidden by a company rule. Subsequently, Morricone became a top studio arranger at RCA, working with Renato Rascel, Rita Pavone, and Mario Lanza.[7] A particular success was one of his own songs, "Se telefonando".[9][10] Performed by Mina, it was a standout track of Studio Uno 66, the fifth-biggest-selling album of the year 1966 in Italy.[11] Morricone's sophisticated arrangement of "Se telefonando" was a combination of melodic trumpet lines, Hal Blaine–style drumming, a string set, a '60s Europop female choir, and intensive subsonic-sounding trombones. The Italian Hitparade #7 song had eight transitions of tonality building tension throughout the chorus.[9][10] During the following decades, the song was covered by several performers in Italy and abroad—most notably by Françoise Hardy and Iva Zanicchi (1966), Delta V (2005), Vanessa and the O's (2007), and Neil Hannon (2008).[12] Throughout the '60s Morricone composed songs for other artists including Milva, Gianni Morandi, Paul Anka, Amii Stewart, and Mireille Mathieu.
Leone film scores
Well-versed in a variety of musical idioms from his RCA experience, Morricone began composing film scores in the early 1960s.[7] Though his first films were undistinguished, Morricone's arrangement of an American folk song intrigued director and former schoolmate Sergio Leone. Leone hired Morricone, and together they created a distinctive score to accompany Leone's different version of the Western, A Fistful of Dollars (1964).[7] As budget strictures limited Morricone's access to a full orchestra, he used gunshots, cracking whips, whistle, voices, guimbarde (jaw harp), trumpets, and the new Fender electric guitar, instead of orchestral arrangements of Western standards à la John Ford. Morricone used his special effects to punctuate and comically tweak the action—cluing in the audience to the taciturn man's ironic stance.[7] Though sonically bizarre for a movie score, Morricone's music was viscerally true to Leone's vision.
As memorable as Leone's close-ups, harsh violence, and black comedy, Morricone's work helped to expand the musical possibilities of film scoring.[7] Morricone was initially billed on the film as Dan Savio.[7]
Morricone composed music for about 40 Westerns (the last was North Star (1996)), most of them Spaghetti Westerns. He scored Sergio Leone's Spaghetti Westerns, from A Fistful of Dollars (1964) and including For a Few Dollars More (1965), The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966), and Once Upon a Time in the West (1968), as well as later films such as A Fistful of Dynamite (1971), My Name Is Nobody (1973), and A Genius, Two Partners and a Dupe (1975). The collaboration with Leone is considered one of the exemplary collaborations between a director and a composer.
In addition, Morricone composed music for many other, not so popular Spaghetti Westerns, including Duello nel Texas (1963), Le pistole non discutono (1964), A Pistol for Ringo (1965), The Return of Ringo (1965), Navajo Joe (1966), The Big Gundown, (1966), Face to Face (1967), Death Rides a Horse (1967), The Hellbenders (1967), A Bullet for the General (1967), The Mercenary (1968), Tepepa (1968), The Great Silence (1968), Guns for San Sebastian (1968), …And for a Roof a Sky Full of Stars (1968), The Five Man Army (1969), Queimada! (1969), Vamos a matar, compañeros (1970), Two Mules for Sister Sara (1970), Sonny and Jed (1972), and Buddy Goes West (1981).
The team
With the score of A Fistful of Dollars, Morricone began his 10-year collaboration with his childhood friend Alessandro Alessandroni and his Cantori Moderni. Alessandroni provided the whistling and the twanging guitar on the film scores, while his Cantori Moderni were a flexible troupe of modern singers. Morricone specifically exploited the solo soprano of the group, Edda Dell'Orso, at the height of her powers—"an extraordinary voice at my disposal".
Other film scores
Most of Morricone's film scores of the 1960s were composed outside the Spaghetti Western genre, while still using Alessandroni's team. Their music included the themes for Il Malamondo (1964), Slalom (1965), The Battle of Algiers (1965), and Listen, Let's Make Love (1967). In 1968, Morricone reduced his work outside the movie business and wrote scores for 20 films in the same year.[13] The scores included psychedelic accompaniment for Mario Bava's superhero romp Danger: Diabolik (1968). The next year marked the start of a series of evocative scores for Dario Argento's stylized thrillers, including The Bird with the Crystal Plumage (1969), The Cat o' Nine Tails (1971), and Four Flies on Grey Velvet (1974).[7] In 1970, Morricone wrote the score for Violent City. That same year, he received his first Nastro d'Argento for the music in Metti una sera a cena (Giuseppe Patroni Griffi, 1969) and his second only a year later for Sacco e Vanzetti (Giuliano Montaldo, 1971), in which he had made a memorable collaboration with the legendary American folk singer and activist Joan Baez. In 1973, he scored a theme for the crime film Revolver (1973). He received his first nomination for an Academy Award in 1979 for the score to Days of Heaven (Terrence Malick, 1978) and another in 1986 for The Mission (Roland Joffé, 1986), in 1987 for The Untouchables (Brian De Palma, 1987), in 1991 for Bugsy (Barry Levinson, 1991), and in 2001 for Malèna (Giuseppe Tornatore, 2000). Morricone composed the score for John Carpenter's science-fiction/horror movie The Thing (1982).
Morricone has worked for television, from a single title piece to variety shows and documentaries to TV series, including Moses (1974) and Marco Polo (1982). One notable composition, "Chi Mai" was used in the films, Maddalena (1971)[14] and Le Professionnel (1981)[15] as well as the TV series The Life and Times of David Lloyd George (1981)[14]. It was a surprise hit in the UK, almost topping the charts. He wrote the score for the Mafia television series La piovra seasons 2 to 10 from 1985 to 2001, including the themes "Droga e sangue" ("Drugs and Blood"), "La morale", and "L'immorale".[16] Morricone worked as the conductor of seasons 3 to 5 of the series. He also worked as the music supervisor for the television project La bibbia ("The Bible"). In the late 1990s, he collaborated with his son, Andrea, on the Ultimo crime dramas. Their collaboration yielded the BAFTA-winning Nuovo cinema Paradiso. In 2003, Ennio Morricone scored another epic, for Japanese television, called Musashi and was the Taiga drama about Miyamoto Musashi, Japan's legendary warrior. A part of his "applied music" is now applied to Italian television films.
Tours
Since 2001, Morricone has been on a world tour, the latter part sponsored by Giorgio Armani, with the Orchestra Roma Sinfonietta, touring London (Barbican 2001; 75th birthday Concerto, Royal Albert Hall 2003), Paris, Verona, and Tokyo. Morricone performed his classic film scores at the Munich Philharmonie in 2005 and Hammersmith Apollo Theatre in London, UK, on 2006-12-01 and 2006-12-02.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Morricone_at_United_Nations_HQ.jpg/200px-Morricone_at_United_Nations_HQ.jpg)
He made his North American concert debut on January 29, 2007 Auditorio Nacional in Mexico City and four days later at Radio City Music Hall in New York City. The previous evening, Morricone had already presented at the United Nations a concert comprising some of his film themes, as well as the cantata Voci dal silenzio to welcome the new Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon. A Los Angeles Times review bemoaned the poor acoustics and opined of Morricone: "His stick technique is adequate, but his charisma as a conductor is zero." Morricone, though, has said: "Conducting has never been important to me. If the audience comes for my gestures, they had better stay outside."
On December 12, 2007, Morricone conducted the Roma Sinfonietta at the Wiener Stadthalle in Vienna, presenting a selection of his own works. Together with the Roma Sinfonietta and the Belfast Philharmonic Choir, Morricone performed at the Opening Concerts of the Belfast Festival at Queen's, in the Waterfront Hall on October 17 and 18, 2008. Morricone and Roma Sinfonietta also held a concert at the Belgrade Arena (Belgrade, Serbia) on February 14, 2009.
On April 10, 2010, Morricone conducted a concert at the Royal Albert Hall in London with the Roma Sinfonietta and (as in all of his previous London concerts) the Crouch End Festival Chorus.
Academy Award
Morricone received an honorary Academy Award on February 25, 2007, presented by Clint Eastwood, "for his magnificent and multifaceted contributions to the art of film music." With the statuette came a standing ovation. Though nominated five times, he had not previously received an Oscar. In conjunction with the honor, Morricone released a tribute album, We All Love Ennio Morricone, that featured as its centerpiece Celine Dion's rendition of "I Knew I Loved You" (based on "Deborah's Theme" from Once Upon a Time in America), which she performed at the ceremony. Behind-the-scenes studio production and recording footage of "I Knew I Loved You" can be viewed in the debut episode of the QuincyJones.com Podcast.[17] The lyric, as with Morricone's Love Affair, had been penned by Oscar-winning husband-and-wife duo Marilyn and Alan Bergman. Morricone's acceptance speech was in his native Italian tongue and was interpreted by Clint Eastwood, who stood to his left. Eastwood and Morricone had in fact met two days earlier—for the first time in 40 years—at a reception.
Recent activity
Quentin Tarantino originally wanted Morricone to compose the soundtrack for his most recent film, Inglourious Basterds. However, Morricone refused because of the sped-up production schedule of the film.[18][19][20] Tarantino did use several Morricone tracks from previous films in the soundtrack.
Morricone instead wrote the music for Baaria - La porta del vento, the most recent movie by Giuseppe Tornatore. The composer is also writing music for Tornatore's upcoming movie Leningrad.
Personal life
On 13 October 1956, he married Maria Travia and had his first son, Marco, in 1957. Travia has written lyrics to complement her husband's pieces. Her works include the Latin texts for The Mission. They have three sons and a daughter, in order of birth: Marco, Alessandra, Andrea [Andrew], and Giovanni.
Prizes and awards
- 1965 — Nastro d'Argento for A Fistful of Dollars
- 1967 — Diapason d'Or
- 1969 — Premio Spoleto Cinema
- 1970 — Nastro d'argento for Metti una sera a cena
- 1971 — Nastro d'argento for Sacco e Vanzetti
- 1972 — Cork Film International for La califfa
- 1979 — Oscar Nomination for Days of Heaven
- 1979 — Premio Vittorio de Sica
- 1981 — Premio della critica discografica for Il prato
- 1984 — Premio Zurlini
- 1985 — Nastro d'argento and BAFTA for Once Upon A Time In America
- 1986 — Oscar Nomination, BAFTA and Golden Globe Award for The Mission
- 1986 — Premio Vittorio de Sica
- 1988 — Nastro d'argento, BAFTA, Grammy Award and Oscar Nomination for The Untouchables
- 1988 — David di Donatello for Gli occhiali d'oro
- 1989 — David di Donatello for Nuovo Cinema Paradiso
- 1989 — Ninth Annual Ace Winner for Il giorno prima
- 1989 — Pardo d'Oro alla carriera (Locarno Film Festival)
- 1990 — BAFTA, Prix Fondation Sacem del XLIII Cannes Film Festival and David di Donatello for Nuovo Cinema Paradiso
- 1991 — David di Donatello for Stanno tutti bene
- 1992 — Oscar Nomination for Bugsy
- 1992 — Pentagramma d'oro
- 1992 — Premio Michelangelo
- 1992 — Grolla d'oro alla carriera (Saint Vincent)
- 1993 — David di Donatello and Efebo d'Argento for Jonas che visse nella balena
- 1993 — Globo d'oro Stampa estera in Italia
- 1993 — Gran Premio SACEM audiovisivi
- 1994 — ASCAP Golden Soundtrack award (Los Angeles)
- 1995 — Premio Rota
- 1995 — Leone d'Oro Honorary award (Venice Film Festival)
- 1996 — Premio Cappelli
- 1996 — Premio Accademia di Santa Cecilia
- 1997 — Premio Flaiano
- 1998 — Columbus Prize
- 1999 — Erich Wolfgang Korngold Internationaler Preis für Film
- 1999 — Exsquibbidles Film Academy lifetime achievement award
- 2000 — Golden Globe Award for The Legend of 1900 (1998)
- 2000 — David di Donatello for Canone inverso
- 2000 — Oscar nomination for Malèna
- 2002 — Honorary Degree by the "Seconda Università" of Rome
- 2003 — Golden Eagle Award for 72 Meters
- 2003 — Honorary Senator of the Filmscoring Class of the Hochschule für Musik und Theater München
- 2006 — Grand Officer award from President of the Italian Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
- 2007 — Honorary Academy Award for career achievement
- 2007 — The Film & TV Music Award for Lifetime Achievement
- 2008 — Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental, performed by Bruce Springsteen
- 2008 — Knight in the Order of the Legion of Honor
- 2009 — Medal of Merits for Macedonia[21]
- 2009 — America Award of the Italy-USA Foundation
Discography
Ennio Morricone has sold over 50 million records worldwide[22][23], including 6.5 million copies in France[24] and more than two million albums in Korea.[25]
Top worldwide film grosses
Ennio Morricone has been involved with eight movies grossing over $25 million at the box office[26]:
Year | Title | Director | Gross |
---|---|---|---|
1966 | The Good, The Bad & The Ugly | Sergio Leone | $25,100,000 |
1977 | Exorcist II: The Heretic | John Boorman | $30,749,142 |
1987 | The Untouchables | Brian De Palma | $76,270,454 |
1991 | Bugsy | Barry Levinson | $49,114,016 |
1993 | In the Line of Fire | Wolfgang Petersen | $176,997,168 |
1994 | Wolf | Mike Nichols | $131,002,597 |
1994 | Disclosure | Barry Levinson | $214,015,089 |
2000 | Mission to Mars | Brian De Palma | $110,983,407 |
Other successful movies with Morricone's work are Kill Bill 1 & 2 (2001) and Inglourious Basterds (2009), though the tracks used are sampled from older pictures.
Influence
Morricone's influence extends into the realm of pop music. Hugo Montenegro had a hit with a version of the main theme from The Good, the Bad and the Ugly in both the United Kingdom and the United States. This was followed by his album of Morricone's music in 1968.
Aside from his music having been sampled by everyone from rappers (Jay-Z) to electronic outfits (the Orb), Morricone wrote "Se Telefonando", which became Italy's fifth biggest-selling record of 1966 and has since been re-recorded by Françoise Hardy, among many others, and scored the strings for "Dear God, Please Help Me" on Morrissey's 2006 "Ringleader of the Tormentors" album.
Morricone's film music was also recorded by many artists. John Zorn recorded an album of Morricone's music, The Big Gundown, with Keith Rosenberg in the mid-1980s. Lyricists and poets have helped convert some of his melodies into a songbook.
Morricone collaborated with world music artists, like Portuguese fado singer Dulce Pontes (in 2003 with Focus, an album praised by Paulo Coelho and where his songbook can be sampled) and virtuoso cellist Yo-Yo Ma (in 2004), who both recorded albums of Morricone classics with the Roma Sinfonietta Orchestra and Morricone himself conducting.
Metallica uses Morricone's The Ecstasy of Gold as an intro at their concerts (shock jocks Opie and Anthony also use the song at the start of their XM Satellite Radio and CBS Radio shows.) The San Francisco Symphony Orchestra also played it on Metallica's Symphonic rock album S&M. Ramones used the theme from The Good, the Bad and the Ugly as a concert intro. The theme from A Fistful Of Dollars is also used as a concert intro by The Mars Volta.
His influence extends from Michael Nyman to Muse. He even has his own tribute band, a large group which started in Australia, touring as The Ennio Morricone Experience. In 2006 Morricone made a guest appearance on the Morrissey album Ringleader of the Tormentors, scoring the string track for "Dear God, Please Help Me". It was recorded in the Forum Music Village Studios of Rome, Morricone's regular recording and mixing venue, previously known as the Orthophonic Recording Studio, which is located beneath a church.
In 2007, the tribute album We All Love Ennio Morricone was released. It features performances by various artists, including Sarah Brightman, Andrea Bocelli, Celine Dion, Bruce Springsteen and Metallica.
Lead singer Adam Trula of the rock group Murder By Death has said Morricone has played a large role in the influence of the band.
British band Babe Ruth has covered several of his themes, most prominently in their song "The Mexican". The adventure video game Wild Arms by PlayStation features a soundtrack which is reminiscent of his work and includes a theme from The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly soundtrack.
Trivia
![]() | This article contains a list of miscellaneous information. (September 2009) |
- The 2003 Quentin Tarantino film Kill Bill Volumes 1 & 2 makes extensive use of several Morricone pieces from several 1960s film scores. The 2009 film Inglourious Basterds also uses many Morricone pieces, as well as sharing "Il Mercenario (Ripresa)" with Kill Bill.
- Ciarán Farrell was one of Ennio Morricone's students.
- In 1990 the American singer Amii Stewart, best known for the 1979 disco hit "Knock On Wood", recorded a tribute album entitled Pearls - Amii Stewart Sings Ennio Morricone for the RCA label, including a selection of the composer's best known songs. Since the mid 1980s Stewart resides in Italy, the Pearls album features Rome's Philharmonic Orchestra and was co-produced by Morricone himself.
- Lars Ulrich and James Hetfield of Metallica are fans of Morricone they took inspiration by his music for record many songs, like The Unforgiven.
- The asteroid 152188 Morricone was named in Morricone's honour on 2007-06-01.
- NBC Sports borrowed Morricone's theme from The Untouchables for use during the closing credits of their coverage of the 2000 American League Championship Series. This was accompanied by a video montage commemorating the network's final Major League Baseball telecast.
- Mr. Bungle have covered several Morricone songs live including Muscoli Di Velluto from Malamondo and Main themes from Citta Violenta, Una Lucertola Con La Pelle di Donna and Metti, Una Sera a Cena.
- Fantômas did a cover of the main theme to Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion (Indagine su un cittadino al di sopra di ogni sospetto) on their album The Director's Cut — an album of film soundtrack covers.
- Chico Buarque recorded an album with Morricone in 1970 called Per Un Pugno di Samba when the former was exiled from Brazil.
- Wall of Voodoo, of "Mexican Radio" fame, would perform medleys of famous pieces by Morricone at early live shows, as heard on their EP/live album The Index Masters.
- Jackass Number Two uses his song "Ecstasy of Gold" at the beginning of the movie.
- Rapper Immortal Technique samples "Ecstasy of Gold" in his song "Land of the Gun".
- Italian thrash metal band Schizo recorded a cover of Morricone's "The Sicilian Clan" original soundtrack song for their 2007 album "Cicatriz Black".
- The Vandals, in their 1984 album "Peace thru Vandalism", play their own version of the famous theme from The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly in the introduction to the "Urban Struggle" track.
- The English pop band Erasure covered the main theme of the film The Good, the Bad and the Ugly in 1988 as a B-side of their single Chains of Love. The band also performed this theme live during all the concerts of its 1992 tour.
- Hans Zimmer's Parlay in The Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End Soundtrack is a tribute to Ennio Morricone's Man with a Harmonica.[27]
- Graeme Revell's scores was thought to have been inspired by Ennio Morricone's cult film and speghetti western scores.
- British band Muse cites Morricone as an influence for the songs City of Delusion, Hoodoo, and Knights of Cydonia on their album, Black Holes and Revelations.[citation needed]. The band has recently started playing the song "Man With A Harmonica" live played by Chris Wolstenholme, as an intro to Knights of Cydonia.[28]
- The 5th track off of Murder by Death's latest release, Red of Tooth and Claw, is titled Theme (for Ennio Morricone).
- The ambient electronic act The Orb sampled Morricone's "The Man With The Harmonica" (from the film Once Upon a Time in the West) in the opening to their 1990 single "Little Fluffy Clouds".[citation needed]
- The final installment of the massively popular video game series, Metal Gear Solid, uses in its soundtrack Morricone's song "Here's to You", taken from the film Sacco e Vanzetti.
- Inti-Illimani, in their 2004 Italian concert and album "Viva Italia", play their tribute of the Love Theme from "Cinema Paradiso".
- The generic of Italiques 70's show produced by Marc Gilbert on french television used the soundtrack of Dio è con noi of Ennio Morricone, with a motion picture of Jean-Michel Folon that stayed the generic of the public channel for twenty years.[citation needed]
- On 13 August 2008 at Marlay Park in Dublin, Christopher Wolstenholme of Muse Played Ennio's "Man with the Harmonica" on harmonica before the band ended their set with Knights of Cydonia (A song with Morricone's classical influence).[29]
- A remix of Ecstasy of Gold is used in Nike's "Leave Nothing" commercial with Ladainian Tomlinson and Troy Polamalu.
- Jay-Z rapped over "Ecstasy of Gold" in the track "Blueprint2" off of "The Blueprint 2: The Gift & the Curse".
- Chi Mai is used in song Heartless by Black Attack from 1998.
- Independent pro wrestler Eddie Kingston uses The Ecstasy of Gold as his entrance music.
- The UK electronic band The Prodigy sampled The Big Gundown into their version of the song. Which can be found on the Lost Beats EP included with the 2009 album Invaders Must Die.
- American thrash metal band Metallica plays "The Ecstasy of Gold" soundtrack before they play their set at almost every concert. They have been doing so since the 1980s.
- The Book of Eli (2010) film depicts Ray Stevenson whistling "the good, the bad, and the ugly" in a car while examining a machete.
- Canadian band Les Georges Leningrad recorded a song entitled "Ennio Morricone".
- The UK band Mamma Freedom who are on the same roster as Ennio Morricone cite him as an influence on their more orchestral songs.
- Morricone's "Tema Di Ali" from The Battle of Algiers is used in the Michael Jordan "Field Generals" Nike Commercial.
Sources
- Horace, B. Music from the Movies, film music journal double issue 45/46, 2005: ISSN 0967-8131
- Miceli, Sergio. Morricone, la musica, il cinema. Milan: Mucchi/Ricordi, 1994: ISBN 88-7592-398-1
- Miceli, Sergio. "Morricone, Ennio". The Nesw Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.
- Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 3. Dal 1960 al 1969. Gremese, 1993: ISBN 88-7605-593-2
- Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 4. Dal 1970 al 1979* A/L. Gremese, 1996: ISBN 88-7605-935-0
- Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 4. Dal 1970 al 1979** M/Z. Gremese, 1996: ISBN 88-7605-969-5
- Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 5. Dal 1980 al 1989* A/L. Gremese, 2000: ISBN 88-7742-423-0
- Poppi, R., M. Pecorari. Dizionario del cinema italiano. I film vol. 5. Dal 1980 al 1989** M/Z. Gremese, 2000: ISBN 88-7742-429-X
References
- ^ Morricone Sig. Ennio Presidenza della Reppublica
- ^ "International Movie Data Base".
- ^ Reuters, Italian composer Morricone scores honorary Oscar, Fri Feb 23, 2007
- ^ Ennio Morricone to Receive Honorary Academy Award
- ^ Ennio Morricone Biography (1928-)
- ^ Ennio Morricone, Critical profile by Sergio Miceli
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "About Ennio Morricone". fancast.com.
- ^ Dante Alighieri, Ennio Morricone biography
- ^ a b "Se telefonando. HitParadeItalia site".
- ^ a b "Sounds: New Digs. Catalog of Cool site. Retrieved on 21 November 2007".
- ^ "Top annuali album". HitParadeItalia.it.
- ^ Se telefonando Françoise Hardy - Mon amie la rose site
- ^ International Movie Database
- ^ a b Trivia for Maddalena at the Internet Movie Database
- ^ Soundtracks for Le professionnel at the Internet Movie Database
- ^ International Movie Data Base
- ^ Quincy Jones
- ^ AICN
- ^ IMDB
- ^ [1]
- ^ Macedonian Information Ageny
- ^ Zammerumaskil, Roma
- ^ Fondazione Italiani
- ^ EM single sales in France
- ^ Korea Herald, Ennio Morricone comes to Korea, May 12, 2009
- ^ Box Office Morricone
- ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0449088/trivia
- ^ City Life, Muse: The matrix meets Clint Eastwood, 7 July 2006
- ^ Youtube, Muse - The Man with the Harmonica, Live at Marlay Park in Dublin, 13 August 2008
Further reading
- Lhassa, Anne, and Jean Lhassa: Ennio Morricone: biographie. Les Planches. Lausanne: Favre; [Paris]: [diff. Inter-forum], 1989. ISBN 2828904180,
- Wagner, Thorsten. "Improvisation als 'weiteste Ausdehnung des Begriffs der aleatorischen Musik': Franco Evangelisti und die Improvisationsgruppe Nuova Consonanza". In ...hin zu einer neuen Welt: Notate zu Franco Evangelisti, edited by Harald Muenz,.48-60, 2002. Saarbrücken: Pfau-Verlag. ISBN 3-89727-177-X.
- Webb, Michael D. Italian 20th Century Music: The Quest for Modernity. London: Kahn & Averill. ISBN 9781871082890
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official website
- Ennio Morricone at Soundtrackguide.net
- Ennio Morricone (Unofficial) Fans Club
- The Ennio Morricone Fanpage
- Ennio Morricone myspace
- The Ennio Morricone Online Community
- Ennio Morricone Japanese website
- Morricone Made in France : everything about the 20 french movies scored by the Maestro (fr)
- Ennio Morricone at IMDb
- Ennio Morricone Discography at SoundtrackCollector.com
- Ennio Morricone at Furious.com
- Streaming audio of Morricone's "The Man with the Harmonica," from his soundtrack to Once upon a Time in the West
- TÊTE-À-TÊTE: Ennio Morricone by Nic Harcourt at Los Angeles Times Magazine
- Articles with trivia sections from September 2009
- 1928 births
- 20th-century classical composers
- Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia alumni
- Academy Honorary Award recipients
- BAFTA winners (people)
- Grammy Award winners
- Italian composers
- Italian film score composers
- Italian Roman Catholics
- Living people
- People from Rome (city)
- Spaghetti Western composers