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Cloud Atlas (film)

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Cloud Atlas
Theatrical poster
Directed by
Screenplay by
  • Lana Wachowski
  • Tom Tykwer
  • Andy Wachowski
Produced by
Starring
Cinematography
Edited byAlexander Berner
Music by
Production
companies
  • Cloud Atlas Production
  • X-Filme Creative Pool
  • Anarchos Production
Distributed byWarner Bros. Pictures
Release dates
  • September 8, 2012 (2012-09-08) (TIFF)
  • October 26, 2012 (2012-10-26) (North America)
  • February 22, 2013 (2013-02-22) (United Kingdom)
Running time
171 minutes[4][5]
CountryGermany[1][2][3]
LanguageEnglish[1][2]
Budget$102 million[6]
Box office$65,681,568[7]

Cloud Atlas is a 2012 German[8] drama and science fiction film[9] written and directed by Lana and Andy Wachowski and Tom Tykwer. It was adapted from the 2004 novel by David Mitchell. The project had difficulty securing financial support during its four-year development, but was eventually produced with a $102 million budget provided by independent sources, making Cloud Atlas one of the most expensive independent films of all time. Featuring an ensemble cast to enact the film's multiple storylines, production began in September 2011 at Studio Babelsberg in Potsdam-Babelsberg, Germany.

The film premiered on September 9, 2012, at the 37th Toronto International Film Festival[10] and was released on October 26, 2012 in conventional and IMAX cinemas.[11]

The film was pre-nominated for the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects that had a first round of votes which resulted in 10 films. All members of the Visual Effects Branch will be invited to view ten-minute excerpts from each of the ten short-listed films on Thursday, January 3, 2013. Following the screenings, the members will vote to nominate five of these films for final Oscar consideration.[12] The film is currently nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score for Tykwer (who co-scored the film), Johnny Klimek and Reinhold Heil.[13]

Plot

The official synopsis for Cloud Atlas describes the film as:

An exploration of how the actions of individual lives impact one another in the past, present and future, as one soul is shaped from a killer into a hero, and an act of kindness ripples across centuries to inspire a revolution.[14]

The film consists of six interrelated and interwoven stories that take the viewer from the South Pacific in the 19th century to a distant, post-apocalyptic future. Unlike the original novel, the film is structured, according to novelist David Mitchell, "as a sort of pointillist mosaic: We stay in each of the six worlds just long enough for the hook to be sunk in, and from then on the film darts from world to world at the speed of a plate-spinner, revisiting each narrative for long enough to propel it forward."[15]

The six stories are:

  • South Pacific Ocean, 1849. Adam Ewing, an American lawyer from San Francisco during the California Gold Rush, has come to the Chatham Islands to conclude a business arrangement with Reverend Gilles Horrox for his father-in-law, Haskell Moore. He witnesses the whipping of a Moriori slave, Autua, who stows away on Ewing's ship, and convinces Ewing to keep him hidden, then to advocate for him to join the crew as a freeman. Meanwhile, Dr. Henry Goose slowly poisons Ewing, claiming it to be the cure for a parasitic worm, aiming to steal Ewing's valuables. When Goose attempts to administer the fatal dose, Autua saves Ewing. Returning to America, Ewing and his wife, Tilda, denounce her father's complicity in slavery.
  • Cambridge, England and Edinburgh, Scotland, 1936. Robert Frobisher, a young English musician who is bisexual, finds work as an amanuensis to famous composer Vyvyan Ayrs, allowing Frobisher the time and inspiration to compose his own masterpiece, "The Cloud Atlas Sextet". Ayrs wishes to take credit for the piece, and threatens to expose Frobisher's scandalous background if he does not comply. Ayrs is shot by Frobisher in a confrontation between them, and Frobisher flees to a hotel. There, he finishes his masterpiece and shoots himself only moments before his lover Rufus Sixsmith arrives to save him.
  • San Francisco, California, 1973. Luisa Rey is a journalist who by chance meets an older Sixsmith, now a nuclear physicist. Sixsmith tips off Rey to a conspiracy regarding the safety of a new nuclear reactor, but is killed by hitman Bill Smoke before he can give her the report that proves it. Isaac Sachs, another employee at the power plant who seems to find her familiar, also gives her the information, but he is killed by Smoke, who runs Rey's car off a bridge. With help from the plant's head of security, Joe Napier, she evades another attempt against her life, that results in Smoke's death, and exposes the plot to use a nuclear accident for the benefit of oil companies.
  • United Kingdom, 2012. Timothy Cavendish, a 65-year-old publisher, has a windfall when Dermott Hoggins, the gangster author whose book he has published, infamously murders a critic and is sent to jail. When the author's associates threaten Cavendish's life to get his share of the profits, Cavendish turns to his brother Denholme for help. The brother tricks him into hiding out in a nursing home, where he is held against his will and treated poorly by the tyrannical Nurse Noakes. Cavendish and a few of his fellow "inmates" then plot a successful escape.
  • Neo Seoul, (Korea), 2144. Sonmi-451, a genetically-engineered fabricant (clone) server at a fast-food restaurant, is interviewed before her execution. She recounts how she was released from her compliant life of servitude by Hae-Joo Chang, a member of the local Resistance, and other rebels. They reveal to her that fabricants like her are "recycled" into food for future fabricants, and hold off a brutal armed assault as she broadcasts this information to the world before her capture.
  • The Hawaiian Islands on post-apocalyptic Earth (dated "106 winters after "The Fall", identified as 2321), a tribesman named Zachry lives a primitive life after most of humanity has died during "The Fall" and is plagued by visions of his people's perception of the devil, "Old Georgie". The character appears to be some kind of foreign entity that exits in the mind of Zachry who visits him in waking visions to try and manipulate Zachry into giving into his fear after the murder of his brother-in-law, Adam, at the hands of the Kona Chief, leader of a tribe of vicious cannibals. He is visited by Meronym, a member of the "Prescients", the last remnants of a technologically-advanced civilization. In exchange for saving his young niece from a venomous bite, Zachry agrees to guide Meronym into the mountains in search of Cloud Atlas, an outpost station where she is able to send a message to people who have left Earth and now live on other planets. After returning, Zachry discovers the murder of his tribe at the hands of the Kona. After killing the Kona Chief, Zachry and his niece are chased by a number of his tribesmen into the forest and attacked. Meronym intervenes at a crucial point and they both kill off the remaining tribesmen. Zachry and his niece join Meronym and the Prescients in a journey to a new world.

A seventh time period, several decades after the Hawaiian one, is featured in the film's prologue and epilogue. In the prologue, a lone, elderly Zachry delivers a monologue, and his location is not revealed. In the epilogue, Zachry is revealed to have been telling these stories to his numerous grandchildren, with two moons in the night sky and Earth visible as a pale blue dot. Meronym emerges from their home and they embrace.

Cast

Actor "The Pacific Journal of Adam Ewing" (1849) "Letters from Zedelghem" (1936) "Half-Lives: The First Luisa Rey Mystery" (1973) "The Ghastly Ordeal of Timothy Cavendish" (2012) "An Orison of Sonmi~451" (2144) "Sloosha's Crossin' an' Ev'rythin' After" (2321)
Tom Hanks Dr. Henry Goose Hotel Manager Isaac Sachs Dermot Hoggins Cavendish Look-a-like Actor Zachry
Halle Berry Native Woman Jocasta Ayrs Luisa Rey Indian Party Guest Ovid Meronym
Jim Broadbent Captain Molyneux Vyvyan Ayrs — Timothy Cavendish Korean Musician Prescient 2
Hugo Weaving Haskell Moore Tadeusz Kesselring Bill Smoke Nurse Noakes Boardman Mephi Old Georgie
Jim Sturgess Adam Ewing Poor Hotel Guest Megan's Dad Highlander Hae-Joo Chang Adam/Zachry's Brother in Law
Doona Bae Tilda Ewing — Megan's Mom, Mexican Woman — Sonmi~451, Sonmi~351, Sonmi Prostitute —
Ben Whishaw Cabin Boy Robert Frobisher Store Clerk Georgette — Tribesman
James D'Arcy — Young Rufus Sixsmith Old Rufus Sixsmith Nurse James Archivist —
Zhou Xun — — Talbot/Hotel Manager — Yoona~939 Rose
Keith David Kupaka — Napier — An-Kor Apis Prescient
David Gyasi Autua — Lester Rey — — Duophysite
Susan Sarandon Madame Horrox — — Older Ursula Yosouf Suleiman Abbess
Hugh Grant Reverend Giles Horrox Hotel Heavy Lloyd Hooks Denholme Cavendish Seer Rhee Kona Chief

Production

Development

The film is based on the 2004 novel Cloud Atlas by David Mitchell. Filmmaker Tom Tykwer revealed in January 2009 his intent to adapt the novel and said he was working on a screenplay with the Wachowskis,[16] who optioned the novel.[17] By June 2010, Tykwer had asked actors Natalie Portman, Tom Hanks, Halle Berry, James McAvoy, and Ian McKellen to star in Cloud Atlas.[18] By April 2011, the Wachowskis joined Tykwer in co-directing the film.[19] In the following May, with Hanks and Berry confirmed in their roles, Hugo Weaving, Ben Whishaw, Susan Sarandon, and Jim Broadbent also joined the cast.[20][21] Actor Hugh Grant joined the cast days before the start of filming.[22]

Cloud Atlas was financed by the German production companies A Company, ARD Degeto Film and X Filme, and Variety reported in May 2011 that the film had a production budget of $140 million. The filmmakers also secured approximately $20 million from the German government, including €10 million ($13.5 million) from the German Federal Film Fund (DFFF),[23][24] €100.000 ($130.000) development funding[25] and €1.5 million ($2.15 million) from Medienboard Berlin-Brandenburg, a German funder, as part of their plans to film at Studio Babelsberg later in 2011.[26] The project also received €1 million ($1.5 million) financial support from Filmstiftung NRW,[27] €750.000 ($1 million) from Mitteldeutsche Medienförderung, and €300.000 ($400.000) from FFF Bayern, another German organization.[25] The Wachowskis contributed approximately $7 million to the project out of their own finances.[28] The budget was updated to $100 million.[29]

The directors stated that due to the lack of finances, the film was almost abandoned several times. However they specified how the crew was enthusiastic and determined: "They flew—even though their agents called them and said, 'They don’t have the money, the money’s not closed'". They specifically praised Tom Hanks' enthusiasm: "Warner Bros. calls and, through our agent, says they’ve looked at the math and decided that they don’t like this deal. They’re pulling all of the money away, rescinding the offer. I was shaking. I heard, 'Are you saying the movie is dead?' They were like, 'Yes, the movie is dead.' [...] At the end of the meeting, Tom says, 'Let’s do it. I’m in. When do we start?' [...] Tom said this unabashed, enthusiastic 'Yes!' which put our heart back together. We walked away thinking, this movie is dead but somehow, it’s alive and we’re going to make it."[30] "Every single time, Tom Hanks was the first who said, 'I’m getting on the plane.' And then once he said he was getting on the plane, basically everyone said, 'Well, Tom’s on the plane, we’re on the plane.' And so everyone flew [to Berlin to begin the film]. It was like this giant leap of faith. From all over the globe."[28]

Locations

Filming began at Studio Babelsberg in Potsdam-Babelsberg, Germany, on September 16, 2011.[31] Other locations include Düsseldorf,[32] Scotland, and the Mediterranean island of Majorca, Spain.[22]

The scenes set on the island of Majorca were filmed in the World Heritage site of the Serra de Tramuntana mountains. Scenes were shot at Sa Calobra and near Formentor, amongst others.[32] Port de Sóller provides the setting for the scene when the boat is mooring.[33] Scenes filmed in Scotland feature the recently built Clackmannanshire Bridge[34] near Alloa and Glasgow.

Principal photography

German media considers Cloud Atlas to be "the first attempt at a German blockbuster" with its budget making it the most expensive German-produced film to date.[3] Tykwer and the Wachowskis filmed parallel to each other using separate camera crews.[35] The Wachowskis directed the 19th-century story and the two set in the future, while Tykwer directed the stories set in the 1930s, the 1970s, and the present day.[36] Warner Bros. Pictures has said that they are happy with the film's 164-minute running time, after previously stating that it should not exceed 150 minutes.[37] The MPAA has given the film a rating of R for "violence, language, sexuality/nudity, and some drug use."[38]

Music

The film's soundtrack was nominated for a 2013 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score.

The original orchestral soundtrack was composed by co-director Tom Tykwer and his longtime collaborators, Reinhold Heil and Johnny Klimek. The trio have worked together for years as Pale 3, having composed music for several films directed by Tykwer, most notably Run Lola Run, The Princess and the Warrior, Perfume: The Story of a Murderer, and The International, and contributed music to the Wachowskis' The Matrix Revolutions. Work on the score for "Cloud Atlas" began months before shooting commenced on the film. The orchestra was recorded in Leipzig, Germany with the MDR Radio Symphony Orchestra and the Leipzig Radio Chorus.[39]

The soundtrack has received praise from critics. Film Music Magazine critic Daniel Schweiger described the soundtrack as "a singular piece of multi-themed astonishment... Yet instead of defining one sound for every era, Klimek, Heil and Tykwer seamlessly merge their motifs across the ages to give 'Cloud Atlas' its rhythms, blending orchestra, pulsating electronics, choruses and a soaring salute to John Adams in an astonishing, captivating score that eventually becomes all things for all personages..."[40] Erin Willard of ScifiMafia described the soundtrack as "cinematic, symphonic, and simply, utterly, exquisitely beautiful... in the wrong hands the opening theme, which is picked up periodically throughout the entire soundtrack, could easily have become cloying or twee or sappy, but happily this hazard was avoided entirely."[41]

Daniel Schweiger selected the score as one of the best score of 2012, writing that "Cloud Atlas is an immense sum total of not only the human experience, but of mankind’s capacity for musical self-realization itself, all as embodied in a theme or the ages."[42]

The film contains approximately 2 hours of music. WaterTower Music released the soundtrack album via digital download on October 23, 2012 and the physical CD on November 6, 2012.

Marketing

A six-minute trailer for Cloud Atlas, accompanied by a short introduction by the three directors describing the ideas behind the creation of the film, was released on July 26, 2012.[43] A shorter official trailer was released on September 7, 2012.[44] The six-minute trailer includes three pieces of music. The opening piano music is the main theme of the soundtrack (Prelude: The Atlas March/The Cloud Atlas Sextet) by composing trio Tom Tykwer, Johnny Klimek and Reinhold Heil, followed by an instrumental version of the song "Sonera" from Thomas J. Bergersen's album Illusions. The song in the last part is "Outro" from M83's album Hurry Up, We're Dreaming.[45]

Release

Cloud Atlas was released on October 26, 2012 in the United States.[46][47] Warner Bros. Pictures is distributing the film in the United States and Canada, and Focus Features International is handling sales and distribution for other territories.[48]

Critical reception

The film premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival, whereupon it received a 10-minute standing ovation.[10][49][50]

The film has polarized critics, with some, like Roger Ebert, praising it highly, and others, such as Christy Lemire panning it outright: its technical aspects (music, cinematography, production design, visual effects) were praised, while its directing and writing were praised by some and heavily criticized by others. The reaction to Cloud Atlas has been compared to the previous year's reaction to Terrence Malick's The Tree of Life. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 63% of critics have given Cloud Atlas a "fresh" rating based on 193 reviews, with an average of 6.5/10. The site's consensus from the collected reviews was "Its sprawling, ambitious blend of thought-provoking narrative and eye-catching visuals will prove too unwieldy for some, but the sheer size and scope of Cloud Atlas are all but impossible to ignore".[51] The film currently holds a Metacritic score of 55 out of 100 (based on reviews by 43 critics), indicating 'mixed to average' reviews.[52]

Film critic Roger Ebert praised the film for being "one of the most ambitious films ever made", awarding the film four out of four stars. He wrote "Even as I was watching Cloud Atlas the first time, I knew I would need to see it again. Now that I've seen it the second time, I know I'd like to see it a third time ... I think you will want to see this daring and visionary film ... I was never, ever bored by Cloud Atlas. On my second viewing, I gave up any attempt to work out the logical connections between the segments, stories and characters."[53]

Variety described it as "an intense three-hour mental workout rewarded with a big emotional payoff. ... One's attention must be engaged at all times as the mosaic triggers an infinite range of potentially profound personal responses."[1] James Rocchi of MSN Movies stated "It is so full of passion and heart and empathy that it feels completely unlike any other modern film in its range either measured through scope of budget or sweep of action."[54] The Daily Beast called Cloud Atlas "one of the year’s most important movies".[49]

Inside movies described the film as "utterly, wonderfully epic".[50] Michael Cieply of The New York Times commented on the film "You will have to decide for yourself whether it works. It’s that kind of picture. ... Is this the stuff of Oscars? Who knows? Is it a force to be reckoned with in the coming months? Absolutely."[55]

However, the film was criticized by Slant Magazine reviewer Calum Marsh, who called Cloud Atlas a "unique and totally unparalleled disaster" and commented "[its] badness is fundamental, an essential aspect of the concept and its execution that I suspect is impossible to remedy or rectify".[56] The Guardian stated "At 163 minutes, Cloud Atlas carries all the marks of a giant folly, and those unfamiliar with the book will be baffled."[57]

Immediately after the film's release, advocacy group MANAA sharply criticized the film for the use of what it labelled 'yellowface' makeup to allow non-Asian actors to portray Asian characters in the neo-Seoul sequences.[58][59][60]

Reaction from the directors

On October 25 (after the premiere at Toronto), Andy Wachowski stated about critics "As soon as they encounter a piece of art they don’t fully understand the first time going through it, they think it’s the fault of the movie or the work of art. They think, 'It’s a mess [ ...] This doesn’t make any sense.' And they reject it, just out of an almost knee-jerk response to some ambiguity or some gulf between what they expect they should be able to understand, and what they understand."[28]

In the same interview, Lana Wachowski stated "People will try to will Cloud Atlas to be rejected. They will call it messy, or complicated, or undecided whether it’s trying to say something New Agey-profound or not. And we’re wrestling with the same things that Dickens and Hugo and David Mitchell and Herman Melville were wrestling with. We’re wrestling with those same ideas, and we’re just trying to do it in a more exciting context than conventionally you are allowed to. [...] We don’t want to say, 'We are making this to mean this.' What we find is that the most interesting art is open to a spectrum of interpretation."[28][61]

Home media

The film will be released in North America on February 5, 2013 on DVD, Blu-ray and as an UltraViolet digital copy.[62]

Accolades

Organization Award category Nominee(s) Result
Austin Film Critics Association Awards[63] Top Ten Films Cloud Atlas Won
Best Score Tom Tykwer, Johnny Klimek and Reinhold Heil
Boston Online Film Critics Association[64] Ten Best Films of the Year Cloud Atlas
Critics' Choice Awards[65] Best Costume Design Kym Barrett and Pierre-Yves Gayraud Pending
Best Makeup Cloud Atlas
Best Visual Effects
Chicago Film Critics Association Best Film Editing Alexander Berner and Claus Wehlisch
Golden Globe Awards[66] Best Original Score Tom Tykwer, Johnny Klimek and Reinhold Heil
Houston Film Critics Society Awards[67] Best Film Cloud Atlas
Best Original Score Tom Tykwer, Johnny Klimek and Reinhold Heil
Technical Achievement Cloud Atlas
NAACP Image Awards Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture Halle Berry
Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards[68] Best Production Design Hugh Bateup and Uli Hanisch
Best Visual Effects Cloud Atlas
San Diego Film Critics Society Awards Best Production Design Hugh Bateup and Uli Hanisch Won
Satellite Awards[69] Best Editing Alexander Berner Nominated
Best Costume Design Kym Barrett and Pierre-Yves Gayraud
Best Visual Effects Dan Glass, Geoffrey Hancock and Stephane Ceretti
St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Best Cinematography Frank Griebe and John Toll
Best Visual Effects Cloud Atlas
Best Music Score/Soundtrack Tom Tykwer, Johnny Klimek and Reinhold Heil
Washington D. C. Area Film Critics Association[70] Best Art Direction Uli Hanisch, Hugh Bateup (production designers), Peter Walpole and Rebecca Alleway (set decorators) Won

References

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  57. ^ "Cloud Atlas - review". The Guardian. September 9, 2012. Retrieved September 11, 2012. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  58. ^ Jordan Zakarin (October 25, 2012). "'Cloud Atlas' Slammed for Lack of Asian Actors, 'Yellow Face' Makeup By Advocacy Group". Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved October 30, 2012.
  59. ^ Adams, Sam (October 26, 2012). "Hollywood blockbuster Cloud Atlas slammed for using 'yellow face' make-up on white actors to make them look Asian". Daily Mail. Associated Newspapers. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
  60. ^ Musto, Michael (October 26, 2012). "Cloud Atlas Under Attack From Asian Group". Village Voice. Village Voice. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
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  62. ^ "Cloud Atlas Blu-Ray". Blu-Ray.com. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
  63. ^ "Austin Film Critics Association Awards". austinfilmcritics.org. Retrieved December 22, 2012.
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  66. ^ "Nominations 2013 — Golden Globe Awards". goldenglobes.org. December 13, 2012. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
  67. ^ Dansby, Andrew (December 17, 2012). "Houston Film Critics Society announces its nominees". Chron.com. Retrieved December 20, 2012.
  68. ^ "Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards and Detroit Film Critics Society Awards". Retrieved December 16, 2012.
  69. ^ "Satellite Awards". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 5, 2012.
  70. ^ "Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Awards". Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association official website. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
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