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Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2013)

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Main article: Syrian civil war
See also: Cities and towns during the Syrian civil war
Syrian civil war
Part of the Arab Spring
Date26 January 2011 (2011-01-26) – ongoing
Location
 Syria
 Turkey
(from 3 October)
 Lebanon (from 19 October)
Status Ongoing conflict
Belligerents

Syria Syrian government
 Iran

Syria Syrian National Coalition
Mujahideen

Kurdish Democratic Union Party

Timeline

January 2013

1 January

According to Lakhdar Brahimi, a United Nations-Arab League envoy, he told news reporters in Cairo, Egypt that the amount of people killed could reach to 100,000, which would mean that 2013 would be the deadliest year of the war.[1]

Violence was acting up on New Year's Day, as Aleppo International Airport was announced to have been shut down due to rebel attacks.[2] Warplanes bombed the northeastern and southwestern suburbs of Damascus in a fresh bid to push rebels further from the capital, and troops attacked insurgent strongholds on the road to the city's airport. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said the raids came during fierce clashes near the towns of Bait Saham and Aqraba along the airport road, and that shelling killed three civilians in nearby Ziabiyeh.

A Syrian college student at the West Virginia University College of Law in Morgantown, West Virginia and his mother both gained an asylum from the university.[3] The son came to the United States on a student visa to pursue a college education. He had hoped to take knowledge earned in the United States back to the Middle East, but those goals took a drastic turn with the emergence of the civil war. The mother also originally went to visit her son in Morgantown, but because of the situation in Syria, she decided to stay. The son also described how some of his friends in the Arab country were killed for protesting the Assad regime.

The LCC reported 136 civilians killed by the Syrian army including 44 in Hama and 42 in the Damascus suburbs.[4]

Approximately forty individuals, including a Syrian Army General, three colonels, several officers and their families defected to Turkey via Reyhanlı, Hatay province, where they were taken to the Apaydin refugee camp.[5][6][7]

2 January

Syrian rebels fired machine guns and mortars at helicopters grounded at Afis, a Syrian Army base near Taftanaz.[8] One Australian citizen fighting for the rebels was killed, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights announced.[9]

It had been reported by the United Nations that the death toll was 60,000 instead of 45,000, though it is unclear how many people have been killed in the war.[10]

The LCC reported 207 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 141 in the Damascus suburbs, among which 47 were killed when a warplane struck a petrol station in Mleiha.[11] Activist Abu Fouad described at least 30 "burnt or dismembered" bodies.[12][13] The explosion was triggered by a missile from a MiG fighter.[14]

3 January

According to an activist group in Syria, a car bomb exploded late Thursday in a Damascus gas station in the middle-class Masakin Barzeh neighborhood, killing at least nine people.[15][16] The pro-regime Ikhbariyeh TV claimed "terrorists" had killed at least 30 civilians, though there was no immediate claim of responsibility.[17][18]

The LCC reported 170 civilians killed by the Syrian army including 74 in the Damascus suburbs.[19]

The SOHR reported the deaths of over 210 people, including 101 civilians. 52 rebels were killed, including a defected officer. SOHR also reported that 5 "foreign jihadists" were killed in fighing; 2 Libyans, a Palestinian, a Turk and a Saudi.[20]

The Damascus Suburbs witnessed continued clashes, with 45 civilians and 15 rebels killed.[21]

4 January - Friday of "Homs calls upon the Revolutionaries"

NATO began deployment of Patriot missiles as air defence in Turkey. The US European Command batteries were the first to be shipped to Southern Turkey.[22]

The LCC reported 129 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 70 in the Damascus suburbs.[23]

5 January

Nearly 50% of Syrian children were found to have Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and that 3 out of every 4 children had lost a loved one in the war. NPR reporter Deborah Amos visited several classrooms on the border of Northern Syria, which is mostly controlled by the rebels. "One teacher told me that the kids only paint in red. And it's almost impossible for them to draw human beings without blood coming out of them." A school counselor told Amos that the children also speak regularly about their destiny to kill Syrian president Bashar al-Assad.[24]

Clashes were reported in the eastern Deir Ezzor city around the technical services building that was recently seized by rebels after they killed and injured government soldiers and took several others hostage. More fighting was reported near the Air Force intelligence building in Aleppo, while shelling was reported in the town of Hritan in the city's suburbs. Meanwhile, in the central province of Homs, activists said government forces shelled the rebel-held town of Rastan and the farms surrounding the neighbourhood of Bab Amr in Homs city.[25]

The LCC reported 79 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 35 in the Damascus suburbs. CNN has reported that the Free Syrian Army have taken control of 70% of the Taftanaz heliport[26]

6 January

Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, in a speech in the Damascus Opera House, said that the conflict in his country was due to "enemies" outside of Syria who would "go to Hell" and that they would "be taught a lesson". However he said that he was still open to a political solution which has failed so far due to his government not being able to find a partner in such a process. This failure "does not mean we are not interested in a political solution" he further said.[27][28][29] The speech was dismissed by the opposition and their international allies, insisting that he offered no meaningful concessions and should surrender power at once, with British Foreign Secretary William Hague describing al-Assad as "beyond hypocritical".[30][31]

It was announced that Israel would build a border fence on the Israel-Syria border.[32] The new five-meter-high fence will be located on the Golan Heights, and will be fortified with trenches, barbed wire and a road for army patrols.[33]

The LCC reported 101 civilians killed by the Syrian army including 28 in the Damascus suburbs.[34]

7 January

The LCC reported 72 civilians killed by the Syrian army including 29 in Aleppo and 26 in the Damascus suburbs.[35]

8 January

Three government soldiers were executed by al-Nusra fighters in Del-ez Zor. In a video released by the group and posted on YouTube, the three soldiers, seated in front of a black flag bearing the Muslim profession of faith, give their identities to masked men branding Kalashnikovs.[36][37]

A riot broke out at a Syrian refugee camp in Zaatari, Jordan.[38] The refugees attacked aid workers, injuring 7 of them, with sticks and stones on Tuesday, frustrated after cold, howling winds swept away their tents and torrential rains flooded muddy streets overnight.

The LCC reported that 118 civilians were killed by the Syrian army by the end of the day, including 35 in the Damascus suburbs.[39] The LCC reported that over 70 civilians were executed by the Syrian army in the town of Mastumeh, south of Idlib city.[40]

9 January

Syrian rebel fighters released 48 Iranians captured last August for 2,130 civilian detainees in what could become the largest prisoner exchange of Syria’s civil war, Iranian and Turkish state media reported.[41] The 48 arrived at the Sheraton in Damascus where they were greeted by the Iranian ambassador to Syria, Mohammad Riza Shibani.[42][43]

Lakhdar Brahimi, the special UN envoy to Syria, has told Reuters that he does not see current President Bashar al-Assad as part of any future transitional government in Syria. Stating that "Surely he (al-Assad) would not be a member of that government,". He has also claimed that Assad's speech on Sunday was "sectarian" however he later withdrew that remark and apologised.[44]

Rebels, lead by the Al-Nusra Front and Ahrar al-Sham, claimed to capture the Taftanaz airbase and has penetrated the facility, destroying or damaging at least nine helicopters[45]

The LCC reported 92 civilians killed by the Syrian Army, including 29 in the Damascus suburbs.[46]

10 January

According to The Pentagon, Russia and Ukraine are reported to be providing weapons to anti-government rebels in Syria and for the regimes in Iraq and Afghanistan.[47]

Four men have been arrested in London by detectives investigating travel to Syria in support of alleged terrorist activity.[48]

The LCC reported 46 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 22 in the Damascus suburbs.[49]

11 January - "Friday of the Death Camps[50]"

The Free Syrian Army has captured the entire Taftanaz airbase; the largest airbase in northern Syria (and the second largest in all of Syria).[51] This base is used largely for helicopters which the Syrian government relies on to bring supplies to government bases being besieged by rebel forces. The attack was lead by the Islamist group Jabhat al-Nusra.[52]

400 U.S. troops are being deployed to the Turkey-Syria border in preparation of defending Turkey.[53]

It was reported that Jordan had begun to turn away Palestinian refugees who are trapped in Syria and hope to flee to Jordan for safety. Jordanian prime minister Abdullah Ensour stated that the reason for not allowing anymore refugees into the country was that taking in Palestinian refugees would encourage Israel to deport the Palestinians from their own borders.[54]

The LCC reported 101 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 40 in the town of al-houl, Hasakah, and 17 in Aleppo.[55]

12 January

The LCC reported 141 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 61 in the Damascus suburbs.[56]

13 January

Syrian fighter jets bombed Damascus suburbs in a government offensive to dislodge rebels from strategic areas around the capital, activists said, as clashes raged around army bases and airfields in the country's north.[57] The bombings killed at least 36 people, 14 of them children, in a rebel-held Eastern Ghouta region outside damascus.[58]

The LCC reported 141 people killed by the Syrian army, including 51 in the Damascus suburbs.[59]

14 January

The LCC reported 151 people killed by the Syrian army, including 74 in the Damascus suburbs.[60]

15 January

Two explosions ripped in front of the campus of Aleppo University killing 52 and injuring 150. The dead included university students and civilians staying in the university dormitories after being displaced by fighting. Opposition fighters and the Syrian Government are blaming each other for the incident.[61] The death toll later rose to 87.[62]

The LCC reported 237 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including about 100 in Aleppo and 65 in Homs and Houla.[63]

Massacre in the village of Haswiya in central Syria.[64] SOHR held pro-Assad forces responsible,[65] while an ITV News reporter said that some locals had blamed jihadist, particularly Jabhat al-Nusra fighters, but that it was impossible for him to attribute any definite responsibility from what he had seen and heard.[66]Bill Neely: "I didn't see any rebel gunmen. I saw dozens of Syrian troops. They were reluctant to let us go very far into the village because they said there were snipers. Exactly what happened I can't prove."


16 January

Three simultaneous car bombs have killed at least 24 people from Idlib province.[67] A leaked US State Department cable indicates that on 23 December 2012 the Syrian government used a form of nerve gas in an attack on Homs city, which lead to 5 deaths. Tear Gas has been ruled out as the cause. Agent 15 is believed to have been used.[68]

The LCC reported 183 people killed by the Syrian army, including 50 in the Damascus suburbs.[69]

17 January

In fresh fighting in Yarmouk camp, 12 Palestinian people were killed and 20 wounded, the UNRWA said on the next day.[70]

Kurdish National Council condemned assaults on unarmed civilians by jihadists in the town of Ras al-Ain. The council reported that the fighters had arrived across the border from Turkey before they started "indiscriminate shelling" of the city. SOHR reported 33 casualties over the last two days of fighting between al-Nusra and Kurdish forces in the area.[71]

Head of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Industry, Fares Shihabi, accused Turkish government of involvement in stealing of equipment from numerous factories in the area of Aleppo. The allegations were reported in letters to the Chairman of the UN Security Council and the UN Secretary General, stating that the robberies had been done with full knowledge of Turkish government.[72]

The LCC reported 159 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 96 in the Damascus suburbs.[73]

18 January - Friday of "Aleppo University; Martyrdom Engineering"[74]

Fierce clashes raged between Kurds and Islamists in the city of Ras al-Ain and SOHR confirmed the killing of Yves Debay, a Belgian-French journalist in Aleppo, allegedly by a regime sniper.[75] A second journalist, Mohammed Hourani, has been killed by a government sniper in Daraa province while working for Al Jazeera, he was shot three times.[76]

The LCC reported civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 75 in the Damascus suburbs.[77]

19 January

A defected Syrian pilot carried out airstrikes on positions of the Syrian regime forces in an area outside Damascus, the opposition military command in the Damascus claimed.[78]

The LCC reported 136 people killed by the Syrian army, including 47 in the Damascus suburbs.[79]

20 January

The LCC reported 132 people killed by the Syrian army, including 50 in the Damascus suburbs.[80]

21 January

The LCC reported 110 people killed by the Syrian army, including 31 in Aleppo and 26 in the Damascus suburbs.[81]

22 January

The Russian government has announced that it is sending two planes to evacuate approximately 100 Russian citizens from Syria. Russia is also carrying out its largest naval exercises since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 off the Syrian coast and in the surrounding Mediterranean and Black Seas.[82]

The LCC reported 164 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 71 in the Damascus suburbs.[83]

23 January

77 Russian citizens have left Syria, however Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov denied that Russia has any plans for a mass evacuation of its citizens from Syria. Only approximately 1000 Russians in Syria have contacted the embassy to ask about leaving Syria.[84]

The LCC reported 146 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 74 in Aleppo and 23 in the Damascus suburbs.[85]

24 January

Jordan says 20,000 refugees have fled from Syria to Jordan in the past 7 days.[86]

The LCC reported 116 people killed by the Syrian army, including 42 in the Damascus suburbs.[87]

25 January

The LCC reported 117 people killed by the Syrian army, including 31 in the Damascus suburbs.[88]

26 January

The LCC reported 129 people killed by the Syrian army, including 44 in Aleppo and 40 in the Damascus suburbs.[89]

27 January

Israeli Defense Force has deployed its Iron Dome system to its northern border with Syria. This follows an announcement in early January that the IDF would build a security fence along its border with Syria. Israel is also considering the possibility of pre-emptive strike to prevent Syrian chemical weapon stockpiles falling into the hands of Hezbollah.[90] Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev is quoted as saying "I think that with every day, every week and every month the chances of his (Assad's) preservation are getting smaller and smaller,".[91]

The LCC reported 106 people killed by the Syrian army, including 41 in the Damascus suburbs.[92]

28 January

The LCC reported 129 people killed by the Syrian army, including 33 in the Damascus suburbs.[93]

29 January

At least 80 bodies of young men and boys were found in Quweiq River in Aleppo area. The victims had been executed by a single shot to the head or neck. Their identity remains unknown, and both sides of the conflict accuse each other of the massacre, as the river flows through areas controlled by different opposing groups.[94]

The LCC reported 229 civilians killed by the Syrian amry including 118 in Aleppo among which 80 of them from Bustan al Qusr.[95]

The SOHR reported the deaths of around 230 people; 72 civilians, 73 summarily executed men, 39 rebels and 41 soldiers.[96]

30 January

2013 Israeli Airstrike in Syria - Israeli Air Force jets have attacked a target on the Syrian side of the Syrian-Lebanon border. Although no details have been confirmed, the objective of the raid might be preventing Hezbollah or similar group obtaining Syria's supply of conventional weapons.[97] The Syrian army says Israeli jets had attacked a military research centre. The BBC report the target as being at Jamraya [98] President Assad accuses Israel of destabilising Syria. [99] Wikimapia location.

[100] US government sources have told Associated Press that they believe a battery of SA-17 were being sent to Hezbollah in the convoy.[101]

The LCC reported 144 people killed by the Syrian army, including 42 in the Damascus suburbs.[102]

31 January

The LCC reported 105 people killed by the Syrian army, including 58 in the Damascus suburbs.[103]

February 2013

1 February - Friday of "The international community are partners in the massacres"

Acting on intelligence Syrian army units launched heavy assaults on the outskirts of Damascus. The government claims that it had intelligence that the rebels were about to launch a large scale attack on government institutions in the capital.[104]

The LCC reported 94 people killed by the Syrian army, including 34 in the Damascus suburbs.[105]

2 February

Rebels captured the area of Sheik Said, near Aleppo city, after several days of fighting. The area captured contains a major road between Aleppo city and the Aleppo Airport. The road is used by government forces to transit supplies from the Airport to its soldiers in Aleppo City.[106]

The LCC reported 120 people killed by the Syrian army, including 58 in the Damascus suburbs.[107]

3 February

The LCC reported 140 people killed by the Syrian army, including 41 in Aleppo and 36 in the Damascus suburbs.[108]

4 February

Two Russians and an Italian citizen kidnapped on 12 December have been released by the group responsible. The two Russians are in the Embassy while the Italian is yet to be released. The rebels exchanged the hostages in return for securing the release of an unspecified number of militants.[109]

Syrian bombing has killed 16 citizens in a residential apartment block in Aleppo. Among the dead are 10 people under the age of 18.[110]

The LCC reported 111 people killed by the Syrian army, including 41 in the Damascus suburbs.[111]

5 February

The LCC reported 113 people killed by the Syrian army, including 41 in Aleppo, and 41 in the Damascus suburbs.[112]

6 February

Two car bombs struck government buildings in Palmyra, in Homs governorate, killing 12 security personnel and injuring 20, according to SOHR. The bombings were followed by gun battles in the city, between rebels and government forces, that left at least 8 more dead.[113]

The LCC reported 162 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 77 in the Damascus suburbs.[114]

7 February

Israeli Television showed photos of the Jamraya military research complex, which the Syrian government claims was destroyed in an air raid by the Israeli Air Force on 30 January. The TV station showed a satellite picture of the site from 8 months before the air raid and another taken after the air raid which appears to show the complex unharmed. This appears to support the view that the air raid struck a convoy of arms to Hezbollah however Israel has refused to officially confirm or deny the raid, despite a broad reference to it from the Israeli Defence Minister Ehud Barak.[115]

The LCC reported 161 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 68 from the Hama province, and 33 in the Damascus suburbs.[116]

8 February

Syrian army forces have recaptured the town of Karnaz which is situated on the main Aleppo-Damascus highway. The capture of the town took place after 16 days of fighting.[117]

Rebels expanded their control in Damascus by overrunning major Syrian army checkpoints on the primary highway in Damascus.[118]

The LCC reported 121 people killed by the Syrian army, including 42 in the Damascus suburbs.[119]

9 February

The LCC reported 169 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 60 in Aleppo and 57 in the Damascus suburbs.[120]

10 February

The LCC reported 124 people killed by the Syrian army, including 38 in the Damascus suburbs.[121]

11 February

Rebels captured the city of Al-Thawrah, Raqqa, and captured the Euphrates dam nearby.[122]

The LCC reported 109 people killed by the Syrian army, including 41 in Aleppo and 33 in the Damascus suburbs.[123]

12 February

Syrian rebels captured the Al-Jarrah airbase in the Aleppo province.[124]

The LCC reported 136 people killed by the Syrian army, including 47 in the Damascus suburbs.[125]

13 February

The LCC reported 190 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 55 in Aleppo and 37 in the Damascus suburbs.[126]

14 February

Rebels captured the town of al Shadidi in the Hasakah province.[127]

The LCC reported 154 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 46 in Aleppo and 33 in the Damascus suburbs.[128]

15 February - Friday of "God is Sufficient Help"[129]

The LCC reported 89 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 29 in the Damascus suburbs.[130]

16 February

The LCC reported 100 people killed by the Syrian army, including 27 in Aleppo and 23 in the Damascus suburbs.[131]

On 16 February a number of wounded Syrians reached the Israeli held Golan Heights where they received medical treatment for their wounds with a number being transported to Israeli hospitals. It is the first time that Syrian citizens have tried to seek refuge in Israel.[132]

17 February

The LCC reported 120 people killed by the Syrian army, including 46 in the Damascus suburbs.[133]

18 February

The LCC reported 99 people killed by the Syrian army, including 30 in the Damascus suburbs, and 23 in Aleppo from a scud missile fired onto the Jabal Badro neighborhood.[134]

19 February

The LCC reported 159 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 60 in the Damascus suburbs, and 55 in Aleppo, most of whom were removed from the debris after a scud missile hit the Jabal Badro neighborhood the previous day.[135]

20 February

The LCC reported 162 civilians killed by the Syrian army including 96 in the Damascus suburbs of which 48 were from a massacre in the Hamouryieh neighborhood.[136]

21 February

The LCC reported 210 civilians killed by the Syrian army including 103 from Damascus and its suburbs.[137]

22 February - Friday of "Raqqa on the Road to Freedom"

The LCC reported 213 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 90 from Aleppo and 53 in the Damascus suburbs.[138]

On 22 February rebels again claim that they were the target of another rocket attack. Rebels say that three Scud type missiles landed in the Hamra, Tariq al Bab and Hanano neighbourhoods of Aleppo with 29 confirmed dead and 150 wounded.[139][140]

23 February

The LCC reported 148 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 74 in Aleppo and 40 in the Damascus suburbs.[141]

24 February

A French freelance photographer, Olivier Voisin, died of shrapnel wounds to the head and arm sustained in Syria. Voisin was originally wounded on 21 February and taken to a Turkish hospital, but Turkish officials confirmed his death on 24 February. [142]

The Syrian foreign minister, Walid Muallem, stated that the Syrian government was willing to enter into talks with the armed opposition. [143]

The LCC reported 140 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 40 in the Damascus suburbs.[144]

25 February

The LCC reported 135 people killed by the Syrian army, including 40 in the Damascus suburbs.[145]

26 February

The LCC reported 111 people killed by the Syrian army, including 51 in the Damascus suburbs and 50 in Aleppo.[146]

27 February

The LCC reported 210 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 106 in Aleppo, among 72 of them field executed in a town near safira. 61 were killed in the Damascus suburbs.[147]

28 February

The LCC reported 98 people killed by the Syrian army, including 35 in the Damascus suburbs, and 33 in Aleppo.[148]

March 2013

1 March

The LCC reported 125 people killed by the Syrian army, including 54 in Aleppo, and 45 in the Damascus suburbs.[149]

2 March

The LCC reported 133 people killed by the Syrian army, including 36 in the Damascus suburbs.[150] According to the rebels, one of the most ancient synagogues in the world, and the oldest one in Syria, was damaged by the Syrian Army. The synagogue which is named "Synagogue of Eliahu the Prophet" is located at Jubr neighbourhood in north-east Damascus.[151]

3 March

The LCC reported 154 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 44 in the Damascus suburbs.[152] Anti-Assad fighters stormed Raqqa city’s central prison, and after rebels swept regime forces from much of the provincial capital on Monday, euphoric residents poured into the main square and tore down a bronze statue of Assad’s late father, Hafez.[153]

4 March

42 Syrian soldiers and at least 7 Iraqis were killed on the Syrian side of the Syria-Iraq border.[154]

The rebels captured the city of Raqqa, the capital of the Raqqa province with a population of over 200,000.[155][156]

The LCC reported 149 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 40 in the Damascus suburbs.[157]

5 March

The LCC reported 134 people killed by the Syrian army, including 34 in the Damascus suburbs.[158]

6 March

Rebels kidnapped[159][160][161][162] 21 Filipino UNDOF peacekeepers on the disputed Golan Heights between Syria and Israel.[163] On a video uploaded to YouTube, a group that identified itself as "The Martyrs of Yarmouk" claimed responsibility and said the peacekeepers would be held until Syrian government forces withdrew from the area around Al Jamlah.[164] However, the leader of the political opposition later said that the peacekeepers of their own safety. He said the UN convoy was at risk in the area, which is under Syrian Government bombardment, and that the peacekeepers would be released to the Red Cross. Video footage showed the peacekeepers, one of who said, "We are here safe in this place. We are here because while we are passing through position (unintelligible) to Jamlah, there were bombing and artillery fires. This is why we stopped and, civilian people tell us, for our safety, and distributed us in different places to keep us safe. And they give us good accommodation and give us food to eat and water to drink."[165]

The LCC reported 141 people killed by the Syrian Army, including 34 in the Damascus suburbs.[166]

7 March

The LCC reported 111 people killed by the Syrian Army, including 23 in the Damascus suburbs and 23 in Aleppo.[167]

8 March - Friday of "Revolutionary Women"

The UN has organised the release of its 21 kidnapped peacekeepers however the operation was abandoned due to safety concerns by the UN. [168]

The LCC reported 81 people killed by the Syrian army, including 29 in the Damascus suburbs.[169]

9 March

The LCC reported 111 people killed by the Syrian army, including 44 in the Damascus suburbs.[170]

The UN Peacekeepers were released by Syrian rebels to Jordanian authorities, all peacekeepers were unharmed. [171]

10 March

The LCC reported 125 people killed by the Syrian army, including 46 in the Damascus suburbs.[172]

11 March

The LCC reported 121 people killed by the Syrian army, including 36 in the Damascus suburbs.[173]

Ukrainian journalist Anhar Kochneva escaped rebel custody after five months of imprisonment. [174]

12 March

The LCC reported 103 people killed by the Syrian army, including 50 in the Damascus suburbs.[175]

13 March

The LCC reported 103 people killed by the Syrian army, including 38 in the Damascus suburbs.[176]

14 March

The LCC reported 137 people killed by the Syrian army, including 37 in the Damascus suburbs.[177]

15 March - Two year mark[178]

The LCC reported 144 people killed by the Syrian army, including 59 in the Damascus suburbs.[179]

16 March

The LCC reported 144 people killed by the Syrian army, including 41 in the Damascus suburbs.[180]

17 March

Rebels claimed that General Mohammed Khalluf, the chief of the Syrian army's logistics, and his son, a Captain of a reconnaissance unit, had both defected. [181]

The LCC reported 119 people killed by the Syrian army, including 52 in the Damascus suburbs.[182]

18 March

Syrian Air Force planes bombed suspected rebel stronghold in Lebanon for the first time. It was the first time that the Syrian Air Force had bombed Lebanon. [183]

The LCC reported 128 people killed by the Syrian army, including 46 in the Damascus suburbs.[184]

19 March

On 19 March chemical weapons were deployed for the first time in the Syrian Civil War. SANA reported 25 dead in an attack in Khan al-Assal, Aleppo province,[185] while some reports placed the number of deaths at 40. The gas used was described as having a "chlorine-like smell". Rebels alleged that a SCUD missile was used to deliver the agent. The Syrian Information Minister blamed the rebels for the attack.[186][187] The attacks occurred in a rebel-held town. It was also noted by senior US intelligence officals that the Syrian rebels did not have the capability to launch chemical weapons.[188] On a video distributed on YouTube it was alleged that chemical weapons had also been deployed in an attack in Atabeih, near Damascus.[189]

The LCC reported 131 people killed by the Syrian army, including 46 in the Damascus suburbs.[190]

20 March

The LCC reported 140 people killed by the Syrian army, including 57 in the Damascus suburbs.[191]

21 March

The Syrian government says a bomb attack in Damascus killed 42, including a senior pro-Assad Sunni cleric Sheikh Mohammed Said Ramadan al-Bouti, and wounded 84. [192]

The LCC reported 181 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 90 in Damascus and its suburbs.[193]

22 March

The LCC reported 100 people killed by the Syrian army, including 28 in the Damascus suburbs.[194]

23 March

An IDF jeep was hit by stray gunfire from the Syrian side of the Golan Heights, no casualties. [195]

The LCC reported 76 people killed by the Syrian army, including 25 in the Damascus suburbs.[196]

24 March

The LCC reported 139 people killed by the Syrian army, including 75 in the Damascus suburbs.[197]

25 March

According to the chinese news agency Xinhua, multiple mortar shells fired by Syrian armed rebels landed in Umayyad Square in Damascus near the state TV's office building, Sheraton Hotel and the Defense Ministry building, causing injuries and material damages.[198]

Rebel leader Riad al-Asaad was injured by a bomb that was directed at a car he was in.[199]

The LCC reported 102 people killed by the Syrian army, including 33 in the Damascus suburbs.[200]

26 March

The LCC reported 154 people killed by the Syrian army, including 48 in the Damascus suburbs.[201]

27 March

The LCC reported 104 people killed by the Syrian army, including 43 in the Damascus suburbs.[202]

28 March

Syrian state television reported that at least 12 students had been killed in a mortar shelling of a Damascus University café.[203]

Syrian rebels have claimed, in a statement, that they shot down an Iranian cargo plane landing at Damascus Airport. [204] [205]

The LCC reported 141 people were killed by the Syrian army, including 51 in Damascus and its suburbs.[206]

29 March

The LCC reported reported 150 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 52 in the Damascus suburbs.[207]

30 March

The LCC reported 114 people killed by the Syrian army, including 48 in the Damascus suburbs.[208]

31 March

In Deir al-Zour three oil wells were destroyed leading to the destruction of 52 cubic meters of natural gas and 4,670 barrels of oil according to state media. [209]

The LCC reported 146 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 97 in the Damascus suburbs.[210]

April

1 April

The LCC reported 146 civilians killed by the Syrian army, including 55 in the Damascus suburbs.[211]

March has been the bloodiest month of the Syrian civil war with 6,000 deaths according to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. [212]

2 April

The LCC reported 113 people killed by the Syrian army, including 58 in the Damascus suburbs.[213]

3 April

The LCC reported 130 people killed by the Syrian army, including 48 in Aleppo and 40 in the Damascus suburbs.[214]

4 April

The LCC reported 79 people killed by the Syrian army, including 31 in Aleppo and 21 in the Damascus suburbs.[215]

5 April - Friday of refugees

The LCC reported 83 people killed by the Syrian army, including 48 in the Damascus suburbs.[216]

6 April

The LCC said that regime troops shelled Damascus neighborhood of Baraza with nuclear capale bToshka surface-to-surface missiles. the attack comes a few days after same missles were used on Yarmuk camp.[217] The LCC reported 116 people killed by the Syrian army, including 37 in Aleppo and 34 in the Damascus suburbs.[218]

References

  1. ^ http://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/01/world/meast/syria-civil-war/index.html
  2. ^ http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=146481
  3. ^ http://wvrecord.com/news/256589-wvu-college-of-law-gains-asylum-for-syrian-mother-son
  4. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/10762
  5. ^ http://blogs.aljazeera.com/topic/syria/least-20-soldiers-including-general-defected-army-and-fled-turkey-turkish-diplomat-says
  6. ^ Agence France-Presse (1 January 2013). "Syrian Troops, General Defect to Turkey". Naharnet.
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  8. ^ http://uk.reuters.com/article/2013/01/02/uk-syria-crisis-idUKBRE8BT07V20130102
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  140. ^ http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/22/us-syria-crisis-aleppo-idUSBRE91L17C20130222 Rockets hit Aleppo, killing at least 29: monitor 22 Feb 2013
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  163. ^ http://www.news.com.au/breaking-news/world/syria-exodus-hits-1mn-rebels-take-raqa/story-e6frfkui-1226592042841 UN demands Syria rebels free peacekeepers March 07, 2013
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  165. ^ Rebel leader: Red Cross can pick up 21 U.N. peacekeepers
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  168. ^ http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/03/08/us-syria-crisis-peacekeepers-un-idUSBRE92714K20130308 Unsafe conditions scuttle release of U.N. peacekeepers in Syria: U.N. 8 March 2013
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  180. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/11093
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  183. ^ http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2013/03/2013318145945245517.html Syrian planes 'bomb' Lebanon border area 18 March 2013
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  186. ^ http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-202_162-57575054/syria-rebels-and-regime-blame-each-other-for-1st-alleged-chemical-weapons-attack/ Syria rebels and regime blame each other for 1st alleged chemical weapons attack 19 March 2013
  187. ^ http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2013/03/19/174717836/dueling-claims-in-syria-after-unconfirmed-reports-about-chemical-weapons Dueling Claims In Syria After Unconfirmed Reports About Chemical Weapons March 19, 2013
  188. ^ http://edition.cnn.com/2013/03/19/world/meast/syria-civil-war/index.html?hpt=hp_t1
  189. ^ Stack, Liam (19 March 2013). "Video Said to Show Victims of Chemical Attack Near Damascus". NYTimes.com: Watching Syria's War. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
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  192. ^ http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/1749134/Damascus-mosque-attack-kills-top-cleric 42 die in bomb attack on Damascus mosque 22 Mar 2013
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  195. ^ http://www.jpost.com/Defense/Article.aspx?id=307513 IDF jeep hit by stray gunfire from Syria 23 March 2013
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  197. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/11126
  198. ^ "Multiple mortars slam central Damascus, causing injuries"
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  201. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/11134
  202. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/11139
  203. ^ Barnard, Anne (28 March 2013). "Syrian Students Killed in Attack on University Cafeteria". The New York Times. Retrieved 28 March 2013.
  204. ^ http://www.latimes.com/news/world/worldnow/la-fg-wn-syrian-rebels-claim-iranian-plane-shot-down-20130328,0,3063351.story Syrian rebels claim to shoot down Iranian plane at airport 28 March 2013
  205. ^ http://www.timesofisrael.com/syrian-rebels-claim-iranian-plane-shot-down/ Syrian rebels claim Iranian plane shot down 28 March 2013
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  207. ^ http://www.lccsyria.org/11148
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  209. ^ http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-202_162-57577181/syria-blames-rebels-for-setting-oil-wells-on-fire/ Syria blames rebels for setting oil wells on fire 31 March 2013
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  212. ^ http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2013/04/2013422481638781.html March 'deadliest month' in Syria's war 2 April 2013
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