Alushta
Alushta
Алушта Aluşta | |
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 Flag  Coat of arms | |
| Country | Template:In Crimea |
| Republic | Crimea |
| Municipality | Alushta Municipality |
| Area | |
| • Total | 6.983 km2 (2.696 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 50 m (160 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 29,078 |
| • Density | 4,264.78/km2 (11,045.7/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK) |
| Postal code | 98500 — 98519 |
| Area code | +380-6560 |
| Former name | Aluston ('till the 15th century) |
| Website | http://www.alushta.crimea.ua/ |
Alushta (Ukrainian and Russian: Алу́шта; Crimean Tatar: Aluşta; Greek: Ἄλουστον) is a city of regional significance on the southern coast of the Republic of Crimea in the Russian Federation. It serves as the administrative center of Alushta Municipality, one of the regions Crimea is divided into. Founded in the 6th century AD by Emperor Justinian, today it is a resort town. It is situated at the Black Sea beach line on the road from Hurzuf to Sudak, as well as on the Crimean Trolleybus line. Population: 29,078 (2014 Census).[1]
The area is notable for its arid, rocky terrain due to its proximity to Crimean mountains. During Byzantine times the town was called Alouston (Ἄλουστον) meaning "Unwashed".[2] Vestiges survive of a Byzantine defensive tower from a fortress of which the city name has derived, as well as a 15th-century Genoese fortress . During the Genoese rule the name modified to Lusta. Adam Mickiewicz dedicated two of his Crimean Sonnets to Alushta.
In 1910, 544 Jews lived in Alushta, consisting about 13% of the town population. In 1939, they consisted only 2.3% of the town overall population, numbering 251 individuals. On 4 November 1941, the Germans occupied the town and on 24 November 1941, a unit of sonderkommando 10b shot to death 30 Jews along with captured communists and partisans. In early December 1941, about 250 Jews from Alushta were shot to death by sonderkommando 11b in the park of trade union sanatorium no. 7, which is today in the local center for children and creativity.[3]
Gallery
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15th century Genoese tower in Alushta. -
Downtown Alushta -
Alushta winery -
St. Theodore Church -
Main square -
Panorama of Alushta in the 1850s, by
Carlo Bossoli
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Alushta is twinned with:
References
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2014). "Таблица 1.3. Численность населения Крымского федерального округа, городских округов, муниципальных районов, городских и сельских поселений" [Table 1.3. Population of Crimean Federal District, Its Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, Urban and Rural Settlements]. Федеральное статистическое наблюдение «Перепись населения в Крымском федеральном округе». ("Population Census in Crimean Federal District" Federal Statistical Examination) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
- ^ Variants are Ἄλουστος (masc.), Ἀλοῦστον (neu.), Ἀλούστα (fem.) The feminine form, Alusta, is consistent with it application to a city rather than a fortress. The anhydrous climate likely gave rise to a satirical, anthropomorphic appellation of “unwashed” to the place from a resident(s). Χαραλαμπάκης, Παντελής. “Σκέψεισγια δυο Μεσαιωνικα Τοπωνυμια της Κριμαιαs, (Αλουστου, Παρθενιται)” [Reflections on two medieval names of Crimea (Aloustou, Parthenitai], Βυζαντινά Σύμμεικτα 23 (2013): 201-216; esp. 203, note 7.
- ^ The murder of the Jews of Alushta during World War II, at Yad Vashem website
- ^ "Sadraudzības pilsētas". jurmala.lv. Retrieved 26 April 2014. Template:Link language Template:Link language
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