Psychobilly
| Psychobilly | |
|---|---|
| Stylistic origins | Early Rock'n'roll, R&B, Rockabilly, Blues, Surf rock, Punk rock, Garage rock |
| Cultural origins | late 1970's United States and England |
| Typical instruments | Guitar - Upright bass - Drums - Some more garage rock influenced acts may incorporate a Farfisa organ |
| Subgenres | |
| Gothabilly, Punkabilly, Surf rock, Horror punk, Deathcountry Garage punk, Indie rock, Garage rock | |
| Regional scenes | |
| England, Europe, the United States and Japan | |
| Other topics | |
| Timeline of alternative rock | |
Psychobilly is a genre of music generally described as a mix between the punk rock of the 1970s and the American rockabilly of the 1950s.
The genre is characterized by lyrical references to horror films, violence, exploitation films, lurid sexuality and other topics generally considered taboo — sometimes presented in a comedic, tongue-in-cheek fashion. Psychobilly music is generally played with an upright bass instead of an electric bass.
Origins
The term psychobilly was first used by Wayne Kemp when he penned the Johnny Cash song One Piece At A Time, a Top 10 hit in 1976. Although the song is not musically categorized as psychobilly, the lyrics refer to a "psychobilly Cadillac." The term came into use as a music genre a few years later, when the Cramps described their music as "psychobilly" and "rockabilly voodoo" on flyers advertising their concerts. Although the Cramps rejected the idea of being a part of a psychobilly subculture, they — along with artists such as Screamin' Jay Hawkins and the Stray Cats — are considered important precursors to psychobilly. Musically speaking, there are also antecedents in the garage rock genre of the 1960s and the pub rock scene of the 1970s.
The Meteors, who formed in South London in 1980, are considered the first verifiable psychobilly band. One member was part of the rockabilly subculture; another was part of the punk subculture; and the other was a horror movie fan. Their musical and lyrical ideas overlapped to create psychobilly as it is known today. The Meteors invented the idea that psychobilly should be apolitical, by encouraging their concerts to be "politics-free" zones to avoid disputes among fans, as was common in the punk rock scene of the time.
International prevalence
In 1982, a nightclub called Klubfoot opened in Hammersmith, West London, creating a home for the UK psychobilly scene. The club was eventually demolished and replaced with offices and a bus station. Because the psychobilly scene has never become very popular, fans often organize weekenders in which many bands are featured on one bill. The first weekenders were organized in the UK in the mid 1980s. In the USA, they happen with frequency in Texas [1], New York, North Carolina and California.
Psychobilly has spread throughout most of Europe, (particularly Germany, Italy, and Spain), Canada, and parts of the United States. It's also gradually spreading to Asia, especially Japan. The psychobilly music of the early 1980s (The Meteors, The Sharks, Demented Are Go, Batmobile) was similar to punk rock or 1960s garage rock (with obvious rockabilly influences), but the psychobilly of the late 1980s and the 1990s (Nekromantix,Mad Sin) had a different sound which was a bit harder. The psychobilly of the 2000s is closer to the American psychobilly sound.
Psychobilly fashion
Fans of psychobilly are known for sporting a unique style that blends 1950s hotrod culture with modern punk fashion. Many fans sport black leather motorcycle jackets with hand-painted images or band logos across the back and sleeves. Mechanic and lumberjack-style work shirts are also popular, and are often adorned with pin badges or patches, in classic punk style. Another trademark psychobilly trend is a distinctive wedge-shaped haircut combining elements of a Mohawk hairstyle with a classic pompadour or quiff. This combined hairstyle is sometimes known as a psychohawk. Also popular in the 1980s was the horseshoe hairstyle, in which only the outer edge of the wedge is kept, with the middle shaved to the same length as the sides. The hairstyles are sometimes bleached or dyed in bright colours.
For psychobilly girls, the "uniform" consists of updated 1950s fashion fused with a punk-rock sensibility and pinup aesthetic. Many rockabillly girls have tattoos of 1950s pinups, Las Vegas-themed cards and dice, skulls, and especially cherries. They favor full crinoline skirts, powerful colors such as black, red, and bright pink, horizontal stripes, gingham, and animal prints. It is very common to see psychobilly girls wearing pompadour-styled bangs and bandannas as headbands.
Notable psychobilly acts
- The 7 Shot Screamers
- The Cramps
- The Creepshow
- Demented Are Go
- The Flametrick Subs
- Guana Batz
- HorrorPops
- King Kurt
- Koffin Kats
- Mad Sin
- The Meteors
- Nekromantix
- Peter Pan Speedrock
- The Phenomenauts
- The Quakes
- The Reverend Horton Heat
- Season of Nightmares
- Spooky DeVille
- Tiger Army
- The Young Werewolves
- The hoodoo voodoo dolls