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Murder of George Floyd

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Death of George Floyd
A frame from a video of the event taken by an onlooker.
DateMay 25, 2020; 4 years ago (2020-05-25)
Timec. 8:00 p.m. (CDT)
LocationMinneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.
Coordinates44°56′03″N 93°15′45″W / 44.9343°N 93.2624°W / 44.9343; -93.2624
Filmed byDarnella Frazier[1]
ParticipantsDerek Chauvin, Tou Thao, Thomas Lane, J. Alexander Kueng (MPD officers)
Deaths1 (George Floyd)

Location of Minneapolis, where the incident took place, in Hennepin County and in the state of Minnesota.

George Floyd was an African-American man who died on May 25, 2020, after white Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin knelt on Floyd's neck for at least seven minutes, while he was handcuffed and lying facedown on the road.[2][3][4] Officers Thomas Lane and J. Alexander Kueng also helped restrain Floyd, while officer Tou Thao stood nearby and looked on.[5] The incident occurred during an arrest of Floyd in Powderhorn, a community to the south of downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota, and was recorded on cell phone video by several bystanders.[6] The video recordings, showing Floyd repeatedly saying: "I can't breathe", were widely circulated on social media platforms and broadcast by the media.[6] The four officers involved were fired the next day.[7]

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is conducting a federal civil rights investigation into the incident, at the request of the Minneapolis Police Department, while the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension (BCA) is investigating whether there were possible violations of Minnesota statutes.[8]

Demonstrations and protests that began after the death of Floyd were initially peaceful, but later windows were smashed at a police precinct, an AutoZone store was set on fire, and stores were looted and damaged in the surrounding areas. Law enforcement responded by shooting tear gas and firing rubber bullets into the crowds.[9][10]

Floyd's death has been compared to the 2014 death of Eric Garner, an unarmed black man who repeated "I can't breathe" while being suffocated by arresting officers.[3]

People involved

George Floyd

George Floyd was a 46-year-old African-American man.[3] He was a native of Houston, Texas, where he had attended Yates High School as a multi-sport athlete and graduated in 1993.[11] Floyd was a close friend of basketball player Stephen Jackson, whom he had met growing up in Texas.[12] Floyd lived in St. Louis Park, Minnesota, and had worked in Minneapolis as a restaurant security guard for five years.[13][14] He had recently lost his job at the time of his death due to Minnesota's stay-at-home order during the COVID-19 pandemic.[15] Floyd was a father.[16]

Police officers

Derek Chauvin, age 44, is a 19-year veteran of the Minneapolis Police Department. Chauvin was identified as the officer who pinned Floyd to the ground by kneeling on his neck.[17] He has been involved in two officer-involved shootings, one of which was fatal.[17][18]

Tou Thao, officer, went through the police academy in 2009 and was hired to a full-time position in 2012. In 2017, Thao had been a defendant in an excessive use of force lawsuit that was settled out of court for $25,000.[17]

Two other officers, who were identified on May 27 as Thomas Lane and J. Alexander Kueng,[19] did not appear on camera but were fired as a result of the incident.[8]

Events

Initial statements from the police and paramedics

Shortly after 8:00 p.m. on May 25, Memorial Day, Minneapolis Police Department officers responded to a "forgery in progress" on Chicago Avenue South in the Powderhorn Park neighborhood of Minneapolis. According to WCCO, the implication was that Floyd "tried to use forged documents at a nearby deli". According to a co-owner of Cup Foods, Floyd attempted to use a $20 bill which a staff member identified as counterfeit.[20] According to police, Floyd was in a nearby car and "appeared to be under the influence". A spokesman for the police department said the officers ordered him to exit the vehicle, at which point he "physically resisted".[1][4]

According to the Minneapolis police, officers "were able to get the suspect into handcuffs and noted he appeared to be suffering medical distress. Officers called for an ambulance."[1] No weapons were used in the incident, according to a statement from the Minneapolis police.[1]

According to the Minneapolis Fire Department, paramedics moved Floyd from the location and were doing chest compressions and other lifesaving measures on an "unresponsive, pulseless male".[21] Floyd was taken to Hennepin County Medical Center, where he was pronounced dead.[22]

Video of the arrest filmed by bystander

External videos
video icon Full video (7:08) on YouTube, recorded by Darnella Frazier[1]

Part of the arrest was filmed by a bystander and streamed to Facebook Live.[1][23] This video went viral.[24]

When the video starts, Floyd is already pinned face-down to the ground, and Officer Chauvin is kneeling on his neck.[3][6][25] Floyd repeatedly tells Chauvin: "Please", and "I can't breathe", while also moaning, groaning and sobbing.[1][25][26] A bystander tells the police: "You got him down. Let him breathe."[27]

After Floyd says: "I'm about to die", Chauvin tells Floyd to relax.[25] The police ask Floyd: "What do you want?" Floyd repeats: "I can't breathe."[26] Floyd continues: "Please, the knee in my neck, I can't breathe."[25] The policemen taunt Floyd to "get up and get in the car",[28] to which Floyd replies: "I will ... I can't move."[29] Floyd also cries out: "Mama!"[26] Floyd protests: "My stomach hurts, my neck hurts, everything hurts", and requested water.[26] The police do not audibly respond to Floyd.[26] Floyd begs: "Don't kill me."[30]

A bystander points out that Floyd is bleeding from the nose.[1] Another bystander tells the police that Floyd is "not even resisting arrest right now".[3] The police tell the bystanders that Floyd was "talking, he's fine"; a bystander replies that Floyd "ain't fine".[1][31] The bystander protests that the police were preventing Floyd from breathing, urging them to "get him off the ground ... You could have put him in the car by now. He's not resisting arrest or nothing. You're enjoying it. Look at you. Your body language."[1]

Floyd eventually goes silent and motionless, but Chauvin does not lift his knee from Floyd's neck.[6][25] The bystanders protest that Floyd was "not responsive", and repeatedly asked the police to check Floyd's pulse.[1][3] A bystander questions: "did they fucking kill him?"[14]

An ambulance eventually arrives, and Chauvin does not remove his knee until emergency medical services puts Floyd on a stretcher. Floyd is loaded into the ambulance and taken away.[1][30][31] A male bystander says that the police "just really killed" Floyd.[1][25] Chauvin had knelt on Floyd's neck for at least seven minutes, including around four minutes after Floyd stopped moving.[2][31][32]

Other videos

A second bystander video, taken from inside a vehicle, shows Floyd being removed from his vehicle. Vice describes that Floyd "doesn't appear to be resisting – just standing next to his car".[33][34]

A six-minute video from a security camera of a nearby restaurant was provided to the media. It showed two officers removing a man from a vehicle. The man is handcuffed and brought to a sidewalk, where he sat down. A third officer arrives. Later, an officer helps the man stand up again, and two officers bring the man to a police vehicle, where the man fell onto the ground.[35] While police initially claimed that Floyd had resisted arrest, this surveillance video "shows officers calmly detaining him", according to CBS News.[36]

Another video showed that "three officers have Floyd pinned on the ground, while another stands over him", reported CBS Evening News.[5]

Minneapolis Park Police released body camera footage of the arrest while stating that their officers were not directly involved.[37]

Aftermath

On May 26, Minneapolis Police Chief Medaria Arradondo announced that the officers were placed on leave.[38] Later in the day, the four responding officers were fired.[7]

That day, the Federal Bureau of Investigation announced it was reviewing the incident.[6] Footage from the officers' body cameras was turned over to the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension.[39] Civil rights attorney Benjamin Crump is representing Floyd's family.[8]

On May 27, misinformation targeting Chauvin began to circulate on social media, with particularly prominent claims that Chauvin was the subject of a photo wearing a "Make Whites Great Again" hat and that Chauvin was onstage with Donald Trump at a political rally later shown to be false.[40][41][42]

Memorials and protests

A brick storefront with the words "CUP FOODS" in red. A crowd, some with signs including a "Black Lives Matter" sign, stand before it.
Protesters gather at the site on May 26, the day after Floyd's death.[43]
A makeshift memorial by citizens near the bus stop where the incident occurred, taken on May 27

In the wake of community outrage in Minneapolis, the bus stop at the site of Floyd's death on Chicago Avenue became a makeshift memorial to him during the day on May 26, with many placards as tributes to him and referencing the Black Lives Matter movement.[44] As the day progressed, more people showed up to demonstrate against Floyd's death. The crowd, estimated to be thousands of people,[45] then marched to the 3rd Precinct of the Minneapolis Police.[46] Participants used posters and slogans with phrases such as "Justice for George" and "Black Lives Matter."[47]

The protest attracted hundreds and began peacefully, but began to turn violent, culminating in the precinct being vandalized by spray paint and rocks thrown through the windows of police vehicles by protesters.[48] Following the march from Chicago Avenue South to the 3rd Precinct, a small group of protesters broke off from the initial crowd and vandalized the 3rd Precinct building and squad cars, as they believed the officers worked there.[49] Around 8:00 p.m., police in riot gear fired sandbag rounds and chemical agents into the crowd.[50]

The protests continued on Wednesday, May 27, including at Chicago Avenue South. Demonstrators also protested outside the precinct vandalized the evening prior. Starting at about 6 p.m., police began deploying chemical irritant and shot at numerous protesters with rubber bullets at the precinct. Numerous videos on social media showed some number of protesters breaking the precinct's windows and throwing objects at police.[51] By later in the evening, the AutoZone on E Lake Street, near where Floyd was killed, had been set ablaze, and videos posted to social media of extensive looting taking place at a nearby Target began to circulate.[52] One person was fatally shot during the protests; police arrested one person in relation to the death.[53]

Simultaneous protests took place in Los Angeles on May 27, where about 500 to 1,000 protesters held hands to block both directions of I-5 near downtown around 4 p.m. with similar signs and slogans to those from Minnesota before marching towards downtown. The protesters briefly delayed a California Highway Patrol vehicle as well before dispersing around 6:30 p.m.[54]

Silent demonstrations of around 40 people in Memphis, Tennessee protesting the deaths of Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and Ahmaud Arbery led to "verbal confrontations" with counter-protesters including the Facebook group Confederate 901 and the Memphis Police Department.[55]

Reactions

Floyd's family

Floyd's girlfriend Courteney Ross asked for the community to respond to his death in a way that honors him. She said: "You can't fight fire with fire. Everything just burns, and I've seen it all day – people hate, they're hating, they're hating, they're mad. And he would not want that."[56]

His cousin and two brothers spoke about the incident in an interview with CNN, stating their anger over the situation. His cousin, Tera Brown raised anger over the conduct of the police, claiming that: "They were supposed to be there to serve and to protect and I didn't see a single one of them lift a finger to do anything to help while he was begging for his life." One of his brothers echoed the sentiment, stating: "They could have tased him; they could have maced him. Instead, they put their knee in his neck and just sat on him and then carried on. They treated him worse than they treat animals."[57]

Floyd's brother, Philonese, called for peace and stated, "everybody has a lot of pain right now, that's why this is happening, I'm tired of seeing black people dying."[58]

Political

The mayor of Minneapolis, Jacob Frey, reacted to the incident by stating: "Being black in America should not be a death sentence. For five minutes, we watched a white officer press his knee into a black man's neck ... When you hear someone calling for help, you're supposed to help. This officer failed in the most basic, human sense." The day after Floyd's death, the mayor called the termination of the responding officers "the right call".[8][6] Two days after Floyd's death, Mayor Frey highlighted the racial nature of Floyd's death, and called for Chauvin to be criminally charged: "If most people, particularly people of color, had done what a police officer did late Monday, they'd already be behind bars. That's why today I'm calling on Hennepin County Attorney Mike Freeman to charge the arresting officer in this case."[59][60]

Minneapolis city councilor Andrea Jenkins, who represented Ward 8, where the incident occurred, was quoted as saying: "My heart is breaking for the tragic loss of life last night near 38th and Chicago. Our community continues to be traumatized again, and again and again. We must demand answers."[61]

U.S. Representative Ilhan Omar of Minnesota's 5th congressional district called for a federal investigation into the incident, saying: "It is sickening to watch this black man be killed while helplessly begging for help."[4] She later added: "The police officer who killed George Floyd should be charged with murder."[62] Senator Amy Klobuchar reacted on the following day, saying: "We heard his repeated calls for help. We heard him say over and over again that he could not breathe. And now we have seen yet another horrifying and gut wrenching instance of an African American man dying." She called for the declaration on "a complete and thorough outside investigation into what occurred, and those involved in this incident must be held accountable."[63] Senator Tina Smith and Governor Tim Walz also called for immediate action.[4]

Joe Biden, the presumptive Democratic 2020 presidential candidate, said on Twitter: "George Floyd deserved better and his family deserves justice. His life mattered ... The FBI should conduct a thorough investigation."[3] President Donald Trump sent his condolences on Twitter, saying he requested the FBI do a thorough investigation, adding: "My heart goes out to George's family and friends. Justice will be served!"[64]

Law enforcement

The local police union (Police Officers Federation of Minneapolis) expressed support of the officers involved, saying: "The Police Officers Federation of Minneapolis will provide full support to the involved officers." They also urged the public to remain calm, saying: "Now is not the time to rush to judgement and immediately condemn our officers."[65][66]

A number of police chiefs and chiefs associations from across the country expressed dismay at the treatment of Floyd.[67][68][69][70][71] The Minnesota Chiefs of Police Association applauded Chief Medaria Arradondo's swift firing of the officers involved.[70] The heads of the Major Cities Chiefs Association (MCCA) as well as the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) condemned what was seen on the video.[67] The MCCA, led by Houston police chief Art Acevedo, said: "The death of Mr. Floyd is deeply disturbing and should be of concern to all Americans. The officers actions are inconsistent with the training and protocols of our profession and MCCA commends Minneapolis Police Chief Medaria Arradondo for his swift and decisive action to terminate the employment of the officers involved."[67] The chiefs of police of Buffalo Grove, Illinois, Miami, Tucson,[67] Austin, Round Rock, Texas, Univeristy of Texas at Austin,[68] Pflugerville, Texas,[71] Boston,[72] and Omaha,[69] as well as a former Seattle chief of police,[70] have issued statements against Floyd's treatment. National Police Foundation president Jim Burch said: "These actions, and inaction, jeopardize the gains that have been made through the sacrifices and courage of many."[67]

Experts on the use of force by police condemned Chauvin's actions. Mylan Masson, a longtime Minneapolis police officer and former director of the Hennepin Technical College's Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Center, which instructs approximately half of Minnesota's police officers, said a form of the technique seen in the video of Floyd's death was taught until at least 2016. He added: "Once the [officer] is in control, then you release. That’s what use of force is: You use it till the threat has stopped."[70] George Kirkham, a former police officer and professor emeritus at Florida State University's College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, said: "It was outrageous, excessive, unreasonable force under the circumstances. We're dealing with a [suspected] property offender. The man was prone on the ground. He was no threat to anyone."[70]

Institutions

The University of Minnesota announced that it would be limiting ties with the Minneapolis Police Department in the wake of the incident. This included that it would no longer contract the local police department for assistance at major events.[73]

See also

References

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  59. ^ Frey, Jacob [@Jacob_Frey] (May 27, 2020). "If most people, particularly people of color, had done what a police officer did late Monday, they'd already be behind bars. That's why today I'm calling on Hennepin County Attorney Mike Freeman to charge the arresting officer in this case" (Tweet). Retrieved May 27, 2020 – via Twitter.
  60. ^ Donaghue, Erin (May 27, 2020). "Minneapolis mayor calls for officer to be charged in George Floyd's death". CBS News. Archived from the original on May 27, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
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  63. ^ Klobuchar, Amy (May 26, 2020). "My statement on the officer-involved death in Minneapolis". @amyklobuchar. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  64. ^ "realdonaldtrump". Twitter. Retrieved May 28, 2020.
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  66. ^ "About Us". Police Officers Federation of Minneapolis. Retrieved May 27, 2020. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |authors= (help)
  67. ^ a b c d e Tom Jackman (May 27, 2020). "Police chiefs react with disgust to Minneapolis death, try to reassure their own cities". Washington Post.
  68. ^ a b "Texas Police Chiefs Condemn Actions Prior to Death of Houston Native George Floyd". spectrumlocalnews.com. May 27, 2020.
  69. ^ a b "Omaha Police condemn Minneapolis officers' actions in George Floyd's death". WOWT.com. May 27, 2020.
  70. ^ a b c d e Randy Furst; Liz Sawyer (May 26, 2020). "Law enforcement experts denounce Minneapolis police use of force in George Floyd's death". StarTribune.
  71. ^ a b Drew Knight (May 27, 2020). "Austin-area police chiefs react to death of George Floyd". KVUE.
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  73. ^ Medcalf, Myron (May 27, 2020). "University of Minnesota to 'limit' ties with Minneapolis police after George Floyd's death". ESPN. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
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