Dionysius of Corinth
Saint Dionysius of Corinth | |
|---|---|
| Bishop and Confessor | |
| Born | Late 1st or early-mid 2nd century AD |
| Died | Corinth, Greece |
| Venerated in | Catholic Church; Eastern Orthodox Church |
| Feast | April 8 |
Saint Dionysius was the bishop of Corinth in about the year 171. His feast day is commemorated on April 8.
Date
The date is established by the fact that he wrote to Pope St Soter.[1] Eusebius in his Chronicle placed his "floruit" in the eleventh year of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius (171). When Hegesippus was at Corinth in the time of Pope Anicetus, Primus was bishop (about 150-5), while Bacchylus was Bishop of Corinth at the time of the Paschal controversy (about 190-8). Dionysius is only known to us through Eusebius. Eusebius knew a collection of seven of the Catholic Letters to the Churches of Dionysius, together with a letter to him from Pinytus, Bishop of Knossus, and a private letter of spiritual advice to a lady named Chrysophora.[2]
Eusebius mentions (1) a letter to the Lacedaemonians, teaching orthodoxy, and enjoining peace and union. (2) Another letter was to the Athenians, stirring up their faith exhorting them to live according to the Gospel, since they were not far from apostasy. Dionysius spoke of the recent martyrdom of their bishop, Publius (in the persecution of Marcus Aurelius), and says that Dionysius the Areopagite was the first Bishop of Athens. (3) To the Nicomedians he wrote against Marcionism. (4) Writing to Gortyna and the other dioceses of Crete, he praised their bishop, Philip, for efforts on behalf of the church then warned him of the distortions of heretics. (5) To the Church of Amastris in Pontus he wrote at the instance of Bacchylides and Elpistus (otherwise unknown), mentioning the bishop's name as Palmas; he wrote in this letter of marriage and celibacy, and recommended the charitable treatment of those who had fallen away into sin or heresy. (6) In a letter to Pinytus, bishop of Knossus, he recommended that he should not lay the yoke of celibacy too heavily on his brethren, but consider the weakness most of them have. Pinytus replied, after polite words, that he hoped Dionysius would send strong meat next time so his people might not grow up on the milk of babes.[2]
But the most important letter is the seventh one, addressed to the Romans, and the only one from which extracts have been preserved. Pope Soter had sent alms and a letter to the Corinthians, and in response Dionysius wrote:
- For this has been your custom from the beginning, to do good to all the brethren in many ways, and to send alms to many Churches in different cities, now relieving the poverty of those who asked aid, now assisting the brethren in the mines by the alms you send, Romans keeping up the traditional custom of Romans, which your blessed bishop, Soter, has not only maintained, but has even increased, by affording to the brethren the abundance which he has supplied, and by comforting with blessed words the brethren who came to him, as a father his children.[3]
Again:
- You also by this instruction have mingled together the Romans and Corinthians who are the planting of Peter and Paul. For they both came to our Corinth and planted us, and taught alike; and alike going to Italy and teaching there, were martyred at the same time.
Again:
- Today we have kept the holy Lord's day, on which we have read your letter, which we shall ever possess to read and to be admonished, even as the former one written to us through Clement.
Needless to say that those quotations do not constitute in any way "proofs" in favour of the much later papal claims and innovations. On the contrary, we see how, in the second excerpt, the Church of Corinth is described as equally doubly apostolic (by Sts Peter and Paul) as the Roman See ("they both came to our Corinth and planted us, and taught alike"). We see though the honor with which the sole Apostolic See of the West (See of the capital of the Empire) was already treated (probably as a memorial reverence to Peter and Paul), honor that would later be canonically stated in the first Ecumenical Council of Nice (325), and properly restated in Canon 28 of Chalcedon. The witness to the martyrdom of Sts. Peter and Paul, kata ton auton kairon, is of importance, and so is the mention of the Epistle of Clement and the public reading of it. The letter of the pope was written "as a father to his children".[2] Dionysius's own letters were evidently much prized, for in the last extract from this letter he writes that he wrote them by request, and that they have been falsified "by the apostles of the devil". "Small wonder then", he observes, "if some have dared to tamper even with the word of the Lord himself, when they have conspired to mutilate my own humble efforts."
References
- ^ Pope from around 168 to 176; Harnack gives 165-67 to 173–5.
- ^ a b c Chapman, John. "St. Dionysius." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 30 June 2019
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ The second extract is from H.E. 2.26; the rest are preserved in H.E. 4.23.
Sources
- Urdang, Laurence. Holidays and Anniversaries of the World. Detroit:Gale Research Company, 1985. ISBN 0-8103-1546-7.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "St. Dionysius". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
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