Kukiz'15
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Kukiz'15 | |
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Leader | Paweł Kukiz |
Founded | May 2015 |
Headquarters | ul. Słowackiego 17 49-330 Łosiów |
Youth wing | Kukiz'15 Youth Club |
Ideology | Current: Populism[1] Conservative liberalism[2] Christian democracy[3] Direct democracy[4] Soft Euroscepticism[5] Historical: Anti-establishment Polish nationalism National conservatism[6] Right-wing populism[4] Euroscepticism |
Political position | Current: Centre-right[7][8][9] Historical: Right-wing[10][11][12] |
Sejm | 5 / 460 |
Senate | 0 / 100 |
European Parliament | 0 / 51 |
Regional assemblies | 0 / 552 |
Website | |
http://kukiz15.org/ | |
Kukiz'15 is a political party in Poland led by punk rock musician turned politician Paweł Kukiz. Initially it was a loose and informal movement, then formally registered as an association in 2016 and later as a political party in 2020. In the past it has coordinated with far-right groups, such as the National Movement party,[13][14] though it is not far-right itself.[15][16][17] It has been described as "anti-establishment",[18] as a "broad coalition [lacking] programmatic coherence",[19][20][21] as centre-right,[13][14] and formerly as right-wing.[10][11][12] After elections in 2015, K'15 has greatly moderated its political outlook, ceasing its associations with far-right organisations and politicians[15][16][17] and abandoning its former Eurosceptic and social conservative positions.[22] In 2019 it joined the Polish Coalition, then left in November 2020.
Political positions
The key postulates are:
- Eliminating the monopoly of political parties in parliament ("destroying particracy")[13][23]
- Electoral reform, eliminating proportional representation in favour of first past the post[24]
- Separation of government, courts and parliament[25]
- Protection of civic liberties
- Introduction of obligatory referendums
History
The movement was founded after Kukiz stood in the 2015 presidential election, winning 21% of the vote and coming in third during the election's first round. Kukiz's primary issue during the election was the replacement of Poland's proportional representation electoral system with single member constituencies,[26][27] which was the subject of a referendum in September 2015.
The movement is particularly popular among young people: Kukiz won 42% among voters aged 18 to 29 in the 2015 presidential election.[28]
In the 2015 parliamentary election, Kukiz'15 cooperated with the far-right National Movement, which gained 5 of Kukiz' 42 parliamentary seats.[13][29]
In April 2016, the National Movement leadership decided to end its collaboration with Kukiz'15 and instructed its MPs to leave the Kukiz'15 parliamentary club, but only one MP followed party instructions.[30] These ones, who stayed in Kukiz'15, together with a few other Kukiz' MPs, formed National Democracy (Endecja).[31]
There was a Sejm scandal in April 2016. Kornel Morawiecki of Kukiz'15 left his Sejm member card in the voting device when he felt sick and went out from the debating hall and then Małgorzata Zwiercan voted for him. After this he left Kukiz'15 and launched a new party Free and Solidary (Wolni i Solidarni) along with two other Kukiz'15 MPs.
In February 2017, three Kukiz'15 MPs left the group and became a parliamentary representation of the association "Republicans" (Republikanie).
In February 2018, Paweł Kukiz apologised for having introduced the nationalists into the Sejm.[17]
In May 2018, Kukiz'15 has coordinated with the social conservative Right Wing of the Republic in local elections.[32]
In August 2019 Kukiz'15 joined the Polish Peasants Party (PSL) to set up a joint list for the 2019 parliamentary election named Polish Coalition. This alliance helped both parties overcome the 5%-threshold and Kukiz kept 6 MPs in the Sejm. Because of that alliance, the Real Politics Union ended cooperation with Kukiz'15.
However, the ideological differences between the Europhile PSL and Kukiz MPs led to a quick fallout. In November 2020, a PiS motion was put to a vote on the support for the Polish government in the EU budget negotiations (in which Poland and Hungary used their veto). 5 of the 6 Kukiz MPs voted in support. This led the PSL and Kukiz'15 to part ways.[33]
Election results
Sejm
Election year | Number of votes |
Percentage of vote |
Number of overall seats won |
+/– | Government |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2015 | 1,339,094 | 8.81 (#3) | 42 / 460
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New | Opposition |
2019 | 1,578,523 | 8.6 (#4) | 6 / 460
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Opposition |
As part of Polish Coalition, which won 30 seats in total. |
Regional assemblies
Election year | % of vote |
# of overall seats won |
+/– |
---|---|---|---|
2018 | 5.7 (#5) | 0 / 552
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Footnotes
- ^ https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9773/a443e50a9b32c03364f36ed20572f0d58f1e.pdf
- ^ https://www.polityka.pl/tygodnikpolityka/kraj/1639115,1,ludzie-od-kukiza-w-sejmie-kim-sa-czego-chca-kto-moze-ich-przejac.read?page=2&moduleId=4677
- ^ https://www.wnp.pl/parlamentarny/wydarzenia/pawel-kukiz-kultura-chrzescijanska-jest-nasza-droga,39236.html
- ^ a b Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Poland". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
- ^ https://wpolityce.pl/polityka/528690-kukiz-nie-chce-polski-w-unii-ktora-jest-popychadlem
- ^ Sawicka, Joanna; Skibicki, Juliusz; Szacki, Wojciech. "Kto jest kim u Kukiza". polityka.pl. Polityka. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ https://www.newsweek.pl/polska/pawel-kukiz-lider-kukiz15-o-nienawisci-do-narodowcow/h82p26s
- ^ https://telewizjarepublika.pl/kukiz-mocno-o-narodowcach-quotszczerze-przepraszam-za-wprowadzenie-narodowcow-do-sejmuquot,60255.html
- ^ https://www.tvn24.pl/wiadomosci-z-kraju,3/wybory-parlamentarne-2019-wspolny-start-psl-i-kukiz-15,959543.html
- ^ a b Paul Kubicek (2017). European Politics. Taylor & Francis. p. 179. ISBN 978-1-317-20638-5.
- ^ a b Michael Minkenberg (2017). The Radical Right in Eastern Europe: Democracy under Siege?. Palgrave Macmillan US. p. 74. ISBN 978-1-137-56332-3.
- ^ a b Enes Bayraklı; Farid Hafez, eds. (2016). European Islamophobia Report 2015. SETA. p. 430. ISBN 978-605-4023-68-4.
- ^ a b c d Tom Lansford, ed. (2017). Political Handbook of the World 2016-2017. SAGE Publications. p. 1219. ISBN 978-1-5063-2715-0.
- ^ a b Leruth, Benjamin; Startin, Nicholas; Usherwood, Simon (2017). The Routledge Handbook of Euroscepticism. Routledge. ISBN 9781315463995.
- ^ a b "Ruch Narodowy kończy współpracę z Kukiz'15".
- ^ a b "Kornel Morawiecki odchodzi z Kukiz'15".
- ^ a b c "Wyborcza.pl". wyborcza.pl.
- ^ Nardelli, Alberto (22 October 2015). "Polish elections 2015: a guide to the parties, polls and electoral system". The Guardian.
- ^ Napieralski, Bartosz (2017). Political Catholicism and Euroscepticism: The Deviant Case of Poland in Comparative Perspective. Routledge. p. 115. ISBN 9781315281674.
- ^ "The Cult of Kukiz | The Krakow Post". The Krakow Post. 7 September 2015.
- ^ "Poland's rock star-politician: What happened to Paweł Kukiz?".
- ^ "Kukiz na lewackim kursie".
- ^ "Kukiz: narodził się ruch, który przywróci państwo obywatelom". pikio.pl (in Polish). 2015-10-25. Retrieved 2015-10-31.
- ^ "official site". Archived from the original on 2016-07-12. Retrieved 2016-07-01.
- ^ "winnicki o zmianie konstytucji powrot do klasycznego trojpodzialu wladzy".
- ^ Aleks, Szczerbiak (15 May 2015). "What does Paweł Kukiz's election success mean for Polish politics?". London School of Economics. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
- ^ Wąsik, Zosia (6 May 2015). "Ex-rock star is third most popular candidate for Polish presidency". Financial Times. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
- ^ Moskwa, Wojciech (16 July 2015). "Rock Star's Campaign Burns Out in Boost to Polish Opposition". Bloomberg News. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
- ^ Radikale Nationalisten im polnischen Parlament Der Standard, October 27, 2015 (in German)
- ^ "Narodowcy opuszczają klub Kukiza, ale czterech zostaje. "Jedność Ruchu Narodowego jest fikcją"".
- ^ "Powstaje Stowarzyszenie "Endecja"".
- ^ "Onet.pl". onet.pl.
- ^ https://tvn24.pl/polska/pawel-kukiz-klub-koalicja-polska-podziekowal-nam-za-wspolprace-kosiniak-kamysz-zbyt-daleko-idace-roznice-4761586
External links
- Official website (in Polish)