Haplogroup O (mtDNA)
Haplogroup O mtDNA is a haplogroup derived from haplogroup N and found in Oceania.[1] Specifically, it is found among Aboriginal Australians.[2][3] Its defining mutations are G6755A, C9140T, and G16213A.[4]
It is one of the rarest haplogroups. As of 2022, FamilyTreeDNA reports that only 4 people in their customer base who have tested their complete mitochondrial sequences are members of the haplogroup.[5] YFull reports 8 known members, all of whom are from Australia, and that the haplogroup is at least 20,000 years old.[6]
The following table lists relevant GenBank samples:
| Phylotree Haplogroup | YFull Haplogroup | GenBank ID | Alternate ID | State/Region |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| O | O-a1 | KY595606 | AUS41 | Queensland[7] |
| O | O-a1a | AY289059 | Aus23 | Northern Territory[7] |
| O | O-a1a | KY595554 | AUS39 | Queensland[7] |
| O | O-a1a | KY595619 | AUS40 | Queensland[7] |
| O1 | O-a2 | KY595668 | AUS38 | Queensland[7] |
| O1 | O1 | DQ404447 | AUD38 | Northern Territory desert[7] |
| O1a | O1a | AY289056 | Aus20 | Northern Territory[7] |
| O1a | O1a | AY289058 | Aus22 | Northern Territory[7] |
Notes
- ^ Malliya (2004). "Phylogeny of Mitochondrial DNA Macrohaplogroup N in India, Based on Complete Sequencing: Implications for the Peopling of South Asia". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 75 (6): 966–978. doi:10.1086/425871. PMC 1182158. PMID 15467980.
- ^ van Holst Pellekaan, Sheila M.; Ingman, Max; Roberts-Thomson, June; Harding, Rosalind M. (October 2006). "Mitochondrial genomics identifies major haplogroups in Aboriginal Australians". American Journal of Biological Anthropology. 131 (2): 282–294. doi:10.1002/ajpa.20426. PMID 16596590.
- ^ Rasmussen, Morten; Guo, Xiaosen; Wang, Yong; Lohmueller, Kirk E.; Rasmussen, Simon; Albrechtsen, Anders; Skotte, Line; Lindgreen, Stinus; et al. (2011-10-07). "An Aboriginal Australian Genome Reveals Separate Human Dispersals into Asia". Science. 334 (6052): 94–98. doi:10.1126/science.1211177. PMID 21940856.
- ^ "PhyloTree.org - mtDNA tree Build 17 (18 Feb 2016): subtree N".
- ^ "Haplotree". Retrieved 30 August 2022.
- ^ "O MTree". Retrieved 12 September 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Nagle, Nano; van Oven, Mannis; Wilcox, Stephen; van Holst Pellekaan, Sheila; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Xue, Yali; Ballantyne, Kaye N.; Wilcox, Leah; Papac, Luka; Cooke, Karen; van Oorschot, Roland A. H.; McAllister, Peter; Williams, Lesley; Kayser, Manfred; Mitchell, R. John (2017-03-13). "Aboriginal Australian mitochondrial genome variation – an increased understanding of population antiquity and diversity". Scientific Reports. 7: Supplementary Figure 2. doi:10.1038/srep43041. PMC 5347126. PMID 28287095.
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Haplogroup O (mtDNA).
- Genealogical DNA test
- Genetic genealogy
- Human mitochondrial genetics
- Population genetics
- Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups
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Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mitochondrial Eve (L) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L0 | L1–6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | L6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M | N | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CZ | D | E | G | Q | O | A | S | R | I | W | X | Y | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| C | Z | B | F | R0 | pre-JT | P | U | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HV | JT | K | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| H | V | J | T | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||