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Popular Unity Candidacy

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Popular Unity Candidacy
Candidatura d'Unitat Popular
SpokespersonCarles Riera
HeadquartersCarrer Casp 180; Barcelona
NewspaperInfoCUP
Membership3,030[1]
IdeologyCatalan independence[2]
Socialism[2]
Feminism[3]
Anti-capitalism[4]
Environmentalism
Direct democracy[5]
Pancatalanism[6][7]
Municipalism
Euroscepticism[8][9]
Political positionLeft-wing[10][11] to far-left[12][13]
Regional affiliationPopular Unity Candidacy–Constituent Call
Trade union affiliationCoordinadora Obrera Sindical (COS)
Colors  Yellow
  Red
  Black
  White[14]
SloganGovernem-nos
Congress of Deputies (Catalan seats)
2 / 47
Parliament of Catalonia
4 / 135
Mayors in Catalonia[15]
19 / 947
Local Government in Catalonia
335 / 9,077
Local Government in the Valencian Country
2 / 5,716
Website
cup.cat

The Popular Unity Candidacy (Catalan: Candidatura d'Unitat Popular, CUP) is a left-wing to far-left pro-Catalan independence[2] political party active primarily in Catalonia, where it has political representation, but also in other autonomous communities in Spain it considers to belong to the Catalan Countries. The CUP traditionally has focused on municipal politics, and is made up of a series of autonomous candidatures that run in local elections. Its presence is strongest in Catalonia proper.

In 2012, the CUP decided for the first time to run for Catalan parliamentary elections, gaining 3 MPs out of 135. In the 2015 elections they obtained 10 MPs.

Organisation

(In Catalan: For the republic of the Catalan Countries) CUP poster for an anti-monarchist rally

The CUP is made up of autonomous local assemblies representing towns or neighbourhoods. These assemblies may have some ideological differences, but their common ground is independence for the Catalan Countries and clear left-wing politics, often in the form of anti-capitalism, socialism, and eco-socialism.[citation needed]

The different local candidatures are coordinated through the Municipal Assembly of the Independentist Left (AMEI in Catalan) where the details regarding their party platform are discussed. On both the local and national level, decisions are made in assembly according to the principles of deliberative democracy.[citation needed]

The highly decentralised nature of this party stems from a belief in municipalism. The CUP consider municipal government "the only institutions within the reach of the general populace".[16] The importance given to municipal assemblies is also meant to avoid the hierarchical organisation of most traditional political parties.[citation needed]

Ideology

The CUP website describes the entity as "an assembly-based political organisation spread throughout the Catalan Countries that works for a country that's independent, socialist, environmentally sustainable and free from the domination of the patriarchy".[17][third-party source needed]

"National liberation"

The CUP defends the unity of the Catalan-speaking areas, or Catalan Countries, which they believe should be allowed to constitute an independent republic, according to the principles of self-determination. The CUP is also strongly in favor of the Catalan language, which should be the "preferential and common language" of the areas where it is traditionally spoken. Still, the 2012 CUP program refers to the advantages of multilingualism and encourages debate on the status that an independent Catalonia would grant to French and Spanish.[18][third-party source needed]

Political system

A CUP political event in 2014

The CUP criticise the current political system in place in Spain and France, and defend an alternative brand of participative democracy. It has proposed, for example, that the general public be allowed to vote on important issues in referenda, and have suggested the creation of representative recall (Catalan: Iniciativa Popular Revocatòria), which would allow the general public to remove elected officials from office before their term expires.[18] As part of its belief in municipalism, it also has defended the creation of an Assembly of Councillors (Catalan: Assemblea de Regidors i Regidores Electes), made up of municipal councillors, as a national representative body.[18][third-party source needed]

Economy

The CUP broadly refers to its economic model as socialist. Its political programme calls for a "planned economy based on solidarity, aimed towards fulfilling the needs of the people", and defends the nationalisation of public utilities as well as transport and communication networks. It also calls for a nationalisation of all banks receiving government bailouts and considers the public debt "illegitimate".[18][third-party source needed]

Environment

The CUP calls for an end to nuclear energy, with the use of sustainable energy in its stead. It also calls for a ban on GMOs and the creation of an "ecological economy".[18][third-party source needed]

Civil rights

The CUP believe in full civic rights for all inhabitants of the Catalan Countries, including migrants. It also calls for voting rights for everyone over 16 years of age as well as an end to discrimination against women and LGBT people.[18][third-party source needed]

Representation

Chart showing the number of council seats won by the CUP running alone (blue) and in coalition (red)

Since 2003, the presence of the CUP in Catalan municipal politics has increased steadily.

2003 municipal elections

In 2003, the CUP ran alone in 10 municipalities in Catalonia, winning four council seats in three towns. In 8 more municipalities, the CUP ran as part of local coalitions.

2007 municipal elections

From 2007–2011, the CUP held a total of 26 council seats in 17 different municipalities in Catalonia;[19] these were obtained either under the CUP name alone or in coalition with local political parties. In the 2007 municipal elections, the CUP obtained 18,000 votes, or about 0.65% of the votes cast.[20]

2011 municipal elections

In the 2011 municipal elections, the CUP ran in 80 of Catalonia's 947 municipalities,[21] winning about 62,000 votes (2.16% of those cast),[22] and coming in as the sixth largest party in terms of vote share.[23] As a result, the CUP won a total of 104 municipal council seats; four towns had CUP mayors. Also, it held 11 seats on different comarca councils.

2012 Catalan parliamentary elections

David Fernández was a member of the Catalan Parliament for the CUP in the 2012–2015 legislature

In 2012, after snap elections were declared by Catalan president Artur Mas, different local branches of the CUP organised assemblies open to the general public in order to debate whether the CUP should run. On 13 October, the general assembly of the CUP met in Molins de Rei and decided, with 77% in favour, to run for the first time in the Catalan parliamentary elections. For this purpose, the CUP decided use the name Candidatura d'Unitat Popular – Alternativa d'Esquerres (Popular Unity Candidacy – Left-Wing Alternative) in order to include independent candidates who chose to run on CUP lists.[24] David Fernàndez, a journalist from Gràcia,[25] was chosen to head the list for Barcelona.

The CUP promised that, if elected, its candidates only would serve one term, earn no more than €1,600 a month, and base their decisions on the opinions expressed by local assemblies. it also promised not to request any loans from banks, so as to avoid being influenced by "financial groups and economic élites".[16]

The CUP was able to win representation in the Catalan Parliament with three seats, and 126,219 votes. The three CUP seats went to the party's spokesman David Fernàndez, Georgina Rieradevall (number two on the list later on replaced by Isabel Vallet), and Quim Arrufat (number three on the list).[26] These results are historic for the CUP, but its spokesman emphasises that it must keep on working and fighting in the streets for a better future.[27]

2015 municipal elections

In the 2015 municipal elections, the CUP presented candidatures in 163 different municipalities, more than double the number of candidatures presented in the previous elections. In Catalonia, the CUP obtained 221,746 votes in all (7.12% percent of those cast). This was more than three times what it had won in 2011, earning 372 council seats, an absolute majority on nine town councils, and a relative majority in four more.[28] CUP mayors were chosen in 14 municipalities, whereas previously the CUP only held three mayorships. For the first time, the CUP won the government of the capital of a comarca, Berga.[29]

Coalitions including the CUP won important victories in other municipalities; in Badalona, Catalonia's third most populous city, a coalition including the CUP came in second and won the mayorship with the help of other left-wing parties.[30] The CUP managed to win representation in most major cities in Catalonia, including Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, Tarragona, L'Hospitalet and Terrassa.[31] In the Valencian Community, the CUP ran in four municipalities, and won seats on the municipal councils of two, Pedreguer and Burjassot.[32]

2015 Catalan parliamentary elections

Candidate Antonio Baños at a campaign meeting
Anna Gabriel, spokeswoman for the CUP in the Parliament of Catalonia 2016–2017
CUP results by municipality in the 2015 elections.

In the 2015 Parliamentary elections, the CUP formed a coalition called Candidatura d'Unitat Popular – Crida Constituent (Popular Unity Candidacy - Constituent Call). Antonio Baños, a journalist and writer from the Nou Barris neighbourhood of Barcelona, was chosen to head the list.

The party won 336,375 votes, almost tripling its previous results, and was awarded 10 seats in the Catalan Parliament. That placed it in the position of kingmaker, with enough seats to form a pro-independence alliance with Together for Yes, which obtained 62 seats.[33] After three months of negotiations in which the CUP rejected the presidency of incumbent Artur Mas, the CUP and Together for Yes reached an agreement by which Carles Puigdemont, mayor of Girona, became president of Catalonia.[34] Nevertheless, while eight CUP MPs voted in favor of Puigdemont's presidency, two abstained to "express their differences" with Together for Yes.[35] As part of this agreement, two CUP MPs are to work closely with Together for Yes in order to ensure a pro-independence majority in the Parliament of Catalonia.[36]


2017 Catalan parliamentary elections

In the 2017 parliamentary elections in Catalonia the CUP suffered a setback, losing more than half of their votes and six of their previous ten seats. The pro-independence parties held a majority in parliament and the CUP wasn't needed for the Torra Government to win the investiture vote. The CUP representatives therefore abstained from voting.

November 2019 Spanish parliamentary elections

The CUP announced that it for the first time will compete in the November election for the Spanish parliament. It has chosen to do so because of the "exceptional democratic circumstances, marked by repression and criminalization of independentism and the repeated violation of civil and social rights on the part of the Spanish state"[37].

Electoral performance

Municipalities

Data Catalunya Valencià
Votes % Seats Votes % Seats
1991 2,664 0.10
1995 61 0.00
1999 64 0.00
2003 4,750 0.12
2007 16,191 0.56 98 0.00
2011 65,656 2.29 203 0.01
2015 237,643 7.63 1,839 0.07
2019 177,330 5.07 489

Parliament of Catalonia

Date Votes Seats Status Size Notes
# % ±pp # ±
2012 126,435 3.5% — — Opposition 7th
2015 337,794 8.2% +4.7 7 Opposition * government support
2017 195,246 4.5% −3.7 6 Opposition *

Cortes Generales

Cortes Generales
Election Congress Senate Status
Vote % Score Seats +/– Seats +/–
2019 (Nov) 246,971 1.0 11th
2 / 350
 —
0 / 207
 — Opposition
Election Catalonia
Congress Senate
Vote % Score Seats +/– Seats +/–
2019 (Nov) 246,971 6.4 6th
2 / 48
 —
0 / 23
 —

References

  1. ^ Puente, A. (2015) Un empate a 1.515 votos en la asamblea de la CUP mantiene en vilo la investidura de Artur Mas. eldiario.es.
  2. ^ a b c Nordsieck, Wolfram (2017). "Catalonia/Spain". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 3 October 2018.
  3. ^ "Feminisme | Candidatura d'Unitat Popular".
  4. ^ Roland Parry, Roland; Bosque, Daniel (26 September 2019). "Radical left set to decide Catalan independence vote". Yahoo! News. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
  5. ^ "Noticies Populars – Noticies polítiques desquerra". Archived from the original on November 8, 2012. Retrieved November 12, 2012.[third-party source needed]
  6. ^ Arrufat: «Les CUP treballem per construir, des de baix, els Països Catalans». dBalears | 19 juliol 2015.
  7. ^ David Fernàndez: ‘Per a la CUP els Països Catalans són indestriables’ David Fernàndez: ‘Per a la CUP els Països Catalans són indestriables’ La Veu del País Valencià. Dimecres, 7 de maig de 2014 a les 17:00h.
  8. ^ La CUP no vol formar part d’“aquesta” Unió Europea. El País, ANA GONZÁLEZ LISTE Barcelona 18 SET 2015 - 00:00 CEST
  9. ^ La CUP defensa la sortida de la Unió Europea i de l’OTAN. e-noticies. 8 de Setembre de 2015. 17:27h.
  10. ^ "Madrid 'will not discuss' the end of Spain's unity". Al Jazeera. 29 September 2015. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
  11. ^ Burgen, Stephen (3 January 2016). "Catalonia plunged into uncertainty as leftwing CUP rejects Mas". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
  12. ^ "Spanish police seize pro-Catalan referendum pamphlets". France 24. 17 September 2017. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
  13. ^ Burack, Cristina (3 March 2018). "Catalan independence: Challenges ahead for Puigdemont and secessionist political unity". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
  14. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-26. Retrieved 2015-04-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. ^ La CUP tindrà presència al govern d'una quarantena de municipis catalans. CUP.cat, 15/06/2019.
  16. ^ a b "Noticies Populars – Noticies polítiques desquerra". Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved November 12, 2012.[third-party source needed]
  17. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-01-02. Retrieved 2012-11-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. ^ a b c d e f "CUP - Alternativa d'Esquerres - Programa Polític". issuu. Retrieved 2017-10-18.
  19. ^ "VilaWeb - El Punt". www.vilaweb.cat. Retrieved 2017-10-18.
  20. ^ "Resultados Electorales en Cataluña: Elecciones Municipales 2007". EL PAÍS (in Spanish). Retrieved 2017-10-18.
  21. ^ "Els resultats de la CUP els apropen a l'escó al Parlament". El Punt Avui (in Catalan). Retrieved 2017-10-18.
  22. ^ "Resultados provisionales - Elecciones Municipales 2011 - Catalunya".
  23. ^ Spanish Government (2011-05-23). "Local Elections Official Results". Government of Spain. Retrieved 2012-05-12.
  24. ^ "La CUP decideix presentar-se a les eleccions al Parlament". VilaWeb.cat (in Catalan). Retrieved 2017-10-18.
  25. ^ "estirant del fil... | [No escrivim èglogues] · [Bloc intermitent]". blocs.mesvilaweb.cat (in Catalan). Retrieved 2017-10-18.
  26. ^ "Candidats i candidates de la CUP-AE circumscripció de Barcelona". Archived from the original on November 8, 2012. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
  27. ^ "David Fernàndez (CUP): 'La democràcia no es defensa al parlament, sinó al carrer'" (in Catalan). VilaWeb. 2012-11-26. Retrieved 2014-10-25.
  28. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-05-26. Retrieved 2015-05-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  29. ^ "El mapa dels alcaldes de Catalunya". Ara. 2015-06-15. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
  30. ^ "La CUP entra al Cinturó Roig, territori que l'Estat veu "ètnicament propi"" (in Catalan). Retrieved 2017-10-18.
  31. ^ "Resultats Eleccions Municipals 2015". www.naciodigital.cat (in Catalan). Retrieved 2017-10-18.
  32. ^ "La CUP obté els primers regidors al País Valencià". VilaWeb.cat (in Catalan). Retrieved 2017-10-18.
  33. ^ "Resultats Eleccions al Parlament de Catalunya 2015". Nació Digital. 2015-09-28.
  34. ^ "Junts pel Sí i la CUP investeixen Puigdemont per avançar cap a la independència". Nació Digital. 2016-01-10.
  35. ^ "Vuit dels diputats de la CUP votaran a favor de la investidura de Puigdemont". Vilaweb. 2016-01-10.
  36. ^ "Artur Mas dimiteix per desblocar l'acord i avançar cap a la independència. Carles Puigdemont serà el nou president". Vilaweb. 2016-01-10.
  37. ^ "La CUP es presentarà a les eleccions per impedir la governabilitat a l'Estat | Candidatura d'Unitat Popular". cup.cat. Retrieved 2019-09-29.
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