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Surf's Up (album)

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Surf's Up
Studio album by
the Beach Boys
ReleasedAugust 30, 1971 (1971-08-30)
RecordedNovember 1966 – July 1971
StudioBeach Boys, Sunset Sound, Western, and Columbia, Los Angeles
Genre
Length33:49
LabelBrother/Reprise
ProducerThe Beach Boys
The Beach Boys chronology
Sunflower
(1970) 		Surf's Up
(1971) 		Carl and the Passions – "So Tough"
(1972)
Singles from Surf's Up
  1. "Long Promised Road"
    Released: May 24, 1971
  2. "Long Promised Road" / "'Til I Die"
    Released: October 11, 1971
  3. "Surf's Up" / "Don't Go Near the Water"
    Released: November 29, 1971

Surf's Up is the 17th studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released August 30, 1971 on Brother/Reprise. It received largely favorable reviews and reached number 29 on the US record charts, becoming their highest-charting LP of new music in the US since 1967. In the UK, Surf's Up peaked at number 15, continuing a string of top 40 records that had not abated since 1965.

The album's title and cover artwork (a painting based on the 19th-century sculpture "End of the Trail") are an ironic, self-aware nod to the band's early surfing image.[3] Originally titled Landlocked, the album took its name from the closing track "Surf's Up", a song originally intended for the group's unfinished album Smile. Most of Surf's Up was recorded from January to July 1971. In contrast to the previous LP Sunflower, Brian Wilson was not especially active in the production, which resulted in thinner vocal arrangements.

Lyrically, Surf's Up addresses environmental, social, and health concerns more than the group's previous releases.[3] This was at the behest of newly recruited co-manager Jack Rieley, who strove to revamp the group's image and restore their public reputation following the dismal reception to their recent albums and tours. His initiatives included a promotional campaign with the tagline "it's now safe to listen to the Beach Boys" and the appointment of Carl Wilson as the band's official leader. The record also included Carl's first major song contributions: "Long Promised Road" and "Feel Flows".

Two singles were issued in the US: "Long Promised Road" and "Surf's Up". Only the former charted, when it was reissued with the B-side "Til I Die" later in the year, peaking at number 89. In 2000, Surf's Up was voted number 230 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums. In 2004, it was ranked 61 on Pitchfork's list of the "Top 100 Albums Of The 1970s".

Background

On July 29, 1970, Brian Wilson's health food shop the Radiant Radish was closed after one year of operation due to Wilson's poor business acumen.[4] That evening, Wilson, accompanied by Mike Love and Bruce Johnston, granted his first-ever full-length radio interview to KPFK DJ John Frank, also known as Jack Rieley.[5] He falsely claimed to have been a Peabody Award-winning journalist for NBC News.[6][7] In the interview, Wilson mentioned that although he is "proud of the group and the name", he felt that "the clean American thing has hurt us. And we're really not getting any kind of airplay today."[5] Among other topics, Wilson discussed how he felt that the group was not "putting enough spunk in our production and I don't know who to blame. ... Another thing is that we haven't done enough to change our image, though. ... we sort of operate a democracy thing in our productions. Maybe that's the problem. I don't know."[5]

The subject eventually turned to "Surf's Up", an unreleased song from the band's unfinished 1966–67 album Smile. Brian hesitated on its release: "It's just that it's too long. Instead of putting it on a record, I would rather just leave it as a song. It rambles. It's too long to make it for me as a record, unless it were an album cut, which I guess it would have to be anyway. It's so far from a singles sound. It could never be a single."[5] On August 8, Rieley offered a six-page memo that explained how to stimulate "increased record sales and popularity for The Beach Boys."[8]

It sounds silly, but people in America at this time were afraid to listen to the Beach Boys. 20/20 and Sunflower were real disasters sales-wise. But Sunflower was one of the finest recordings I have ever heard by anybody. So, I changed the group.

—Jack Rieley, 1974[9]

At the end of August, the group's latest record Sunflower was released as their first album on Reprise Records. It became the worst-selling album in the group's history.[10] Band promoter and co-manager Fred Vail remembered one meeting with the band in which "we were talking about ... Sunflower not charting, and they were wondering why. I said to them, 'Listen, this is a phase right now. If you stay the course, your real audience won't forget you. They won't desert you.' But the Beach Boys really didn't believe in themselves."[11] Vail was soon replaced by Rieley, primarily at the instigation of Love and Johnston.[12][nb 1]

Some of Rieley's earliest initiatives were to end the group's practice of wearing matching stage uniforms and to appoint Carl Wilson as the band's official leader.[9] The group spent the majority of September and October rehearsing for upcoming concerts.[9] On October 3, at the invitation of Van Dyke Parks, the band performed two sets at the eighth annual Big Sur Folk Festival in California to an audience of 6,000. According to music historian Keith Badman, the performances "help[ed] to establish the group's image in the eyes of the rock hierarchy, and they are subsequently 'rediscovered' as an important live act."[9][nb 2] Biographer David Leaf wrote that the concert inspired what was effectively an apologetic review from Rolling Stone co-founder Jann Wenner, who previously criticized the band for pulling out of the 1967 Monterey Pop Festival.[6]

In early November, Brian temporarily rejoined the touring band in playing four dates at the Whiskey A Go Go.[15] The group had not played a concert in Los Angeles since 1966, while Brian had not performed with the touring group since early 1970, when he briefly filled in for Love.[16][nb 3] These performances served as a warm-up to the band's second major tour of the year, which lasted from November 19 to December 20, around the UK and Europe. Guitarist Ed Carter and keyboardist Daryl Dragon accompanied the band for this tour, along with supporting act the Flame.[17][nb 4] Reports from this period suggested that the group were planning to move from Los Angeles to Britain once their recording commitments were finished. Rieley said they was "definitely leaving Los Angeles because of the smog."[19] From January to early April 1971, they worked intermittently on their second album for Reprise.[20]

Production and style

The artwork of Surf's Up is based on the sculpture "End of the Trail" by James Earle Fraser.

Surf's Up was recorded between January and July 1971, with the exception of a few tracks.[20][nb 5] After the release of Sunflower, band engineer Stephen Desper assembled a collection of songs consisting mostly of outtakes deemed suitable for a follow-up LP, which he labelled "Second Brother Album".[22][nb 6] Rieley later called these selections "forgettable" and said that he was "totally perplexed ... I met with [Warner executive] Mo Ostin, a true Brian Wilson fan, at Warner Brothers, who listened to the songs, and he declared: 'No way.'"[9]

Rieley encouraged them to write songs with more socially conscious and topical lyrics.[9] He assigned the project the brief working title of Landlocked to represent "a demarcation line, separating striped-shirted bullshit that had become irrelevant, an object of public scorn, from artistry, creativity and great new songs."[9] An album cover was designed with this title, featuring white san-serif letters printed atop a photograph of a dark field.[9][nb 7] It was ultimately discarded in favor of a different design. Rieley said that the final cover "was something that caught my eye at an antique record shop near Silver Lake. It was a painting and I bought it. It reminded me a bit of the Brother Records logo, but it was different."[24]

In 1974, Rieley stated that his growing involvement with the songwriting process attracted the ire of Love, Johnston, and Al Jardine, who "tried to force me to march into Mo Ostin's and sell him on their 1969 track 'Loop De Loop'". I refused and Brian, Dennis, and Carl backed me up."[20] Due to Brian's reduced involvement, the vocal arrangements were not as dense as those for Sunflower. Johnston recalled, "It was strange to be doing vocal arrangements to make it sound like the Beach Boys when we were the Beach Boys. That's a little weird to me."[25]

January–April sessions

"Til I Die" was a song Brian had been working on since mid-1970.[26] It was written while he was suffering from an existential crisis, having recently ordered his gardener to dig a grave in his backyard and threatened to drive his car off the Santa Monica pier.[20][nb 8] He spent weeks arranging "Til I Die", using an electronic drum machine and crafting a harmony-driven, vibraphone and organ-laden background.[29] The group initially rejected the song.[26] According to Johnston, "one member of the band didn't understand it and put it down, and Brian just decided not to show it to us for a few months. ... He was absolutely crushed."[25]

"Feel Flows"
"Feel Flows" was written by Carl Wilson with Jack Rieley. Carl's lead vocals were mixed with backwards reverb.[30]
Problems playing this file? See media help.

"Long Promised Road" and "Feel Flows" were Carl's first significant solo compositions and were recorded almost entirely by himself.[8] "Student Demonstration Time" (a topical reworking of Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller's R&B classic "Riot in Cell Block Number 9") and the environmental anthem "Don't Go Near the Water" found Love and Jardine embracing the group's new socially conscious direction.[8] Rieley said that "Student Demonstration Time" "had Carl and I blushing with embarrassment", while Dennis was "thoroughly disgusted".[20] Brian disliked the song, saying that the lyrical content was "too intense", but enjoyed "Don't Go Near the Water".[8] Jardine also contributed "Lookin' at Tomorrow (A Welfare song)", co-written with Gary Winfrey. Biographer Timothy White wrote that the song was "a poignant mini-soliloquy from a jobless rounder, seems like a coda to Long Promised Road, the pioneer busted in his starry-eyed ambitions but still “looking at tomorrow” for a fresh potential."[8]

"A Day in the Life of a Tree", written by Brian and Rieley, is about a tree succumbing to the effects of environmental pollution. A harmonium, an antique pump organ, and a smaller pipe organ provide accompaniment.[31] In the opinion of critic John Bush, the song's subject appeared to be autobiographical: "one of Brian's most deeply touching and bizarre compositions...lamenting his long life amid the pollution and grime of a city park while the somber tones of a pipe organ build atmosphere."[32] According to Jardine, Rieley sang the song when "no one [else] would sing it because it was too depressing."[33] Leaf quoted an anonymous friend of Brian's saying that Brian was "choked up" after hearing Rieley's vocal performance of the song, because "he [Brian] really related to the song. It was about him."[34]

June–July sessions

The recording sessions initially concluded in April, but unexpectedly resumed in June.[35] Rieley had asked Brian about including "Surf's Up" on Landlocked, and in early June, Brian suddenly gave approval for Carl and Rieley to finish the song.[36] While on a drive to meet Mo Ostin, Brian said to Rieley: "Well, OK, if you're going to force me, I'll ... put 'Surf's Up' on the album." Rieley asked, "Are you really going to do it?" to which Brian repeated, "Well, if you're going to force me."[36] According to Rieley: "We got into Warner Brothers and, with no coaxing at all, Brian said to Mo, 'I'm going to put 'Surf's Up' on the next album.' I think this was a great thing because it did provide a commitment on Brian's part and he became more active in the studio."[36]

"Disney Girls (1957)" was recorded during this juncture. Johnston said he wrote the song "because I saw so many kids in our audiences being wiped out on drugs" and wanted to capture the feeling of an era in which people were "a little naive but a little healthier."[37] Brian later praised the song for its harmonies and chords.[8] Further work was also done on Jardine's "Take a Load Off Your Feet", a Sunflower outtake.[21] Timothy White writes that the song is "a slice of social commentary about rundown bodies as well as sullied beaches, its droll sound effects succeeding where a more heavy-handed scolding would not have done."[8] According to Rieley, Jardine "demanded" the song be included on the album.[20]

Brian initially refused to participate in the recording of "Surf's Up", and insisted that Carl take the lead vocal.[38] The group attempted to rerecord the song from scratch. "But we scrapped it", Rieley later said, "because it didn't quite come up to the original."[37] Carl overdubbed a new vocal in the song's first part, the original backing track dating from November 1966. The second movement was composed of a December 1966 solo piano demo recorded by Brian, augmented with vocal and Moog synthesizer overdubs.[39] Johnston recalled, "We ended up doing vocals to sort of emulate ourselves without Brian Wilson, which was kind of silly."[25] To the surprise and glee of his associates, Brian emerged near the end of the sessions to aid Carl and Desper in the completion of the coda, and contributing the song's missing, final lyric.[40] With the song completed, Landlocked was given the new title of Surf's Up.[38]

Leftover material

Dennis Wilson while filming Two-Lane Blacktop in 1970. His songs were left off Surf's Up to preserve harmony within the group.[41]

Dennis Wilson's songs ""4th of July" and "Wouldn't It Be Nice to (Live Again)" were recorded in early 1971 but left off the record.[42] According to Rieley, the absence of any Dennis songs was for two reasons: to quell political infighting within the group concerning the album's share of Wilson-brother songs, and because Dennis wanted to save his songs for a solo album, projected for release in 1971. In December 1970, he released the single "Sound of Free" (credited to "Dennis Wilson & Rumbo"), but the album project was ultimately shelved.[43] Wilson also recorded "Barbara", a piano demo named after his then-girlfriend, and a track called "Old Movie".[42] "Barbara" was released in 1998 for the Endless Harmony Soundtrack.[35] "Wouldn't It Be Nice to (Live Again)", written with Stanley Shapiro, was released for the 2013 box set Made in California.[44]

Other outtakes include "My Solution", a song Brian later reworked as "Happy Days" for his 1998 album Imagination.[15] Brian's "H.E.L.P. Is On the Way" was written about H.E.L.P., a Los Angeles restaurant that the Beach Boys frequented, and mentions the Radiant Radish in the lyric.[45] In 1982, author David Toop remarked that it may be "the only pop song in history to mention enemas".[46] The track was planned for inclusion on the scrapped 1977 album Adult/Child.[47] In 1993, the song was released for the box set Good Vibrations: Thirty Years of the Beach Boys.[9]

According to singer Terry Jacks, the group asked Jacks to be their producer for a session. On July 31, 1970 they attempted a rendition of the Jacques Brel/Rod McKuen song "Seasons in the Sun", but the session went badly, and the track was never finished. Jacks later had a hit with his own version of the song in 1974.[5] Afterward, Mike Love told an interviewer: "We did record a version [of 'Seasons'] but it was so wimpy we had to throw it out. ... It was just the wrong song for us. I'm glad Terry had a hit with it."[22] Love's "Big Sur", recorded in August 1970, marked the first time he had written both the music and words to a song. It was rerecorded in a different time signature for the 1973 album Holland.[48] In March 1971, Carl recorded a Moog synthesizer sound collage titled "Telephone Backgrounds (On a Clear Day)".[35]

Release and reception

Rieley arranged for the group to appear in a series of commercials with the tagline "It's now safe to listen to the Beach Boys."[9] He also arranged a guest appearance at a Grateful Dead concert at Bill Graham's Fillmore East in April 1971 to foreground the band's transition into the counterculture.[49] For their performances this year, the Beach Boys enlisted a full horn section and additional percussionists.[50] A journalist who attended the show later reported that Bob Dylan, who was watching from the sound booth, remarked aloud, "You know, they're pretty fucking good."[51][nb 9] Contrary to what is later written of the show, the Grateful Dead's audience was unfavorable toward the Beach Boys' appearance.[51] On May 1, the band performed at The Peace Treaty Celebration Rock Show, an anti-war rally concert organized by the Mayday Collective, with approximately 500,000 people in attendance. Footage of the band performing "Student Demonstration Time" later appeared in the 1985 documentary An American Band.[51][nb 10]

The Beach Boys performing at Central Park in July 1971.[24] The concert was broadcast as part of an ABC-TV special on August 19.[53]

On May 24, "Long Promised Road" (B-side "Deirdre") was issued as lead single, becoming their sixth consecutive US single that failed to chart.[36] That same month, Dennis accidentally punched his hand through a glass window, severing nerves and tendons. The injury left him unable to play drums for the band, and so he was replaced by the Flame's Ricky Fataar. Dennis continued to make occasional appearances at concerts, singing or playing keyboards.[38] In July, the American music press rated the Beach Boys "the hottest grossing act" in the country, alongside Grand Funk Railroad.[24] On July 7, the film Two-Lane Blacktop, co-starring Dennis, made its worldwide premier in New York City. Despite critical acclaim, the film was largely unnoticed by cinema-goers.[24]

Surf's Up was released on August 30 to more public anticipation than the Beach Boys had had for several years.[1] Aided by some FM radio exposure,[8] it outperformed Sunflower commercially and was their best selling album in years.[1] On September 6, Time reported that the album was "doing well enough. Barely out, it is fast approaching $250,000 in sales."[41] From September 22 to October 2, the band toured the eastern US, but the performances received mixed reviews. Their setlists included every song from the album except "Til I Die" and "A Day in the Life of a Tree".[54] Dennis also played solo piano renditions of his unreleased songs "Barbara" and "I've Got a Friend".[50]

The album received generally favorable reviews.[1] Time's reviewer described it as "one of the most imaginatively produced LPs since last fall's All Things Must Pass by George Harrison and Phil Spector".[41] Rolling Stone's reviewer wrote: "the Beach Boys stage a remarkable comeback ... an LP that weds their choral harmonies to progressive pop and which shows youngest Wilson brother Carl stepping into the fore of the venerable outfit."[1][55] Robert Christgau was less impressed in The Village Voice. While highlighting "Take a Load Off Your Feet" and "Disney Girls (1957)", he found most of the other songs forgettable and the album the group's worst since 1968's Friends, before writing, "Van Dyke Parks's wacked-out lyricist meandering is matched by the sophomoric spiritual quest of Jack Rieley, and the music drags hither and yon."[56]

On October 28, the Beach Boys were the featured cover story on that date's issue of Rolling Stone. It included the first part of a lengthy two-part interview, titled "The Beach Boys: A California Saga", conducted by journalists Tom Nolan and David Felton.[57][nb 11] Unusually, the story devoted minimal attention to the group's music, and instead focused on the band's internal dynamics and history, particularly around the period when they fell out of step with the 1960s counterculture.[58][nb 12] At the end of the month, Surf's Up peaked on the US charts at number 29, becoming their highest-charting album there since Wild Honey (1967).[59]

In the UK, Surf's Up was released by EMI's Stateside label in October and peaked at number 15.[24] Rieley was unhappy with the delay, remarking that the album "sold more import copies than they sold of British pressings."[41] Richard Williams of Melody Maker wrote in his review: "Suddenly the Beach Boys are back in fashionable favour, and they've produced an album which fully backs up all that's recently been written and said about them."[60] The UK singles, "Long Promised Road" (B-side "Deirdre") and "Don't Go Near the Water" (B-side "Student Demonstration Time"), failed to chart.[61] In November, "Surf's Up" (B-side "Don't Go Near the Water") was released as the last US single and failed to chart.[57]

Retrospective assessments and legacy

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[62]
Christgau's Record GuideB–[63]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music[64]
MusicHound Rock4/5[65]
Pitchfork (Sunflower/Surf's Up reissue)8.9/10[3]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide[66]

In 1993, the staff of NME ranked Surf's Up number 46 in their list of the "Top 100 Albums" of all time.[67] In 2000, the record was voted number 230 in the third edition of Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums.[68] In 2004, Surf's Up was ranked number 61 on Pitchfork's list of "The Top 100 Albums of the 1970s". Contributor Dominique Leone wrote:

Surf’s Up practically defines flawed greatness, via Carl Wilson’s introspective, exotic folk-pop, manager Jack Rieley’s devastating vocal on Brian’s “A Day in the Life of a Tree,” and Brian’s own gorgeous “’Til I Die”—which might very well go down as his last truly great production. Today the eclectic, relaxed sound of this album is reflected in the work of Super Furry Animals, Stereolab, and Sufjan Stevens, but its power comes from the shy passion and sincere, spiritual convictions of its creators.[69]

Music critic John Bush wrote "[Most of the] songs are enjoyable enough, but the last three tracks are what make Surf's Up such a masterpiece."[62] Mojo critic Ross Bennett regarded Surf's Up as "the definitive version" of the Smile recordings, "with those crystalline vocals imbuing Parks' cryptic verses with a grace and simplicity missing from the 2004 reboot".[70] Keith Phipps from The A.V. Club called it "the darkest album of the group's career, a record that also spotlighted a growing social conscience".[71]

Conversely, Scott Schinder wrote in Icons of Rock (2006) that Surf's Up "lacked the solid group dynamic that had elevated Sunflower" despite two "impressive songwriting contributions from Carl".[72] James E. Perone, writing in The 100 Greatest Bands of All Time (2015), opined that "the album's lyrical themes are so wide ranging that the social commentary tended to get somewhat lost, and the year 1971 was late enough in the counterculture era that 'Student Demonstration Time' and 'A Day in the Life of a Tree' seem like a case of too little, too late."[73]

Surf's Up was the last Beach Boys album recorded with Bruce Johnston until 1979's L.A. (Light Album). He later criticized the record: "To me, Surf's Up is, and always has been, one hyped up lie! It was a false reflection of The Beach Boys and one which Jack [Rieley] engineered right from the start. ... It made it look like Brian Wilson was more than just a visitor at those sessions. Jack made it appear as though Brian was really there all the time."[41][nb 13] In another interview, Johnston said: "All I can say is that at the beginning, I thought that what he was trying to do was absolutely right on the money. He helped the band become aware of what our niche was in pop music."[34]

The record is also listed in the musical reference book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.[74] In 2014, John Wetton named Surf's Up his favorite prog album of all-time, elaborating: "The summer of '71 had so many musical milestones ... but Surf's Up was a revelation. I was in Family, a major player in the first wave of British progressive bands, but this collection from the iconic California surf-pop band shifted my parameters, blurring all the boundaries of my musical vocabulary. ... And the cover? Mega prog!"[75]

Track listing

Side one
No.TitleWriter(s)Lead vocal(s)Length
1."Don't Go Near the Water"Mike Love, Al JardineMike Love, Al Jardine, Brian Wilson2:39
2."Long Promised Road"Carl Wilson, Jack RieleyCarl Wilson3:30
3."Take a Load Off Your Feet"Jardine, Brian Wilson, Gary WinfreyB. Wilson, Jardine2:29
4."Disney Girls (1957)"Bruce JohnstonBruce Johnston4:07
5."Student Demonstration Time"Jerry Leiber, Mike Stoller, LoveLove3:58
Side two
No.TitleWriter(s)Lead vocal(s)Length
1."Feel Flows"C. Wilson, RieleyC. Wilson4:44
2."Lookin' at Tomorrow (A Welfare Song)"Jardine, WinfreyJardine1:55
3."A Day in the Life of a Tree"B. Wilson, RieleyJack Rieley, Van Dyke Parks, Jardine3:07
4."'Til I Die"B. WilsonC. Wilson, B. Wilson, Love2:31
5."Surf's Up"B. Wilson, Van Dyke ParksC. Wilson, B. Wilson, Jardine4:12
Total length:33:49

Personnel

Partial credits per Timothy White and 2000 liner notes,[8] except where otherwise noted.

The Beach Boys

Additional musicians and production staff

Charts

Surf's Up
Chart (1971) Peak
position
UK Top 40 Album Chart[24] 15
US Billboard 200 Albums Chart[24] 29
"Long Promised Road"
Chart (1971) Peak
position
US Billboard Hot 100 Singles Chart[8] 89
"Don't Go Near the Water"
Chart (1971) Peak
position
New Zealand Listener Pop-O-Meter[13] 21
"Student Demonstration Time"
Chart (1971) Peak
position
Netherlands singles chart[13] 21

References

Notes

  1. ^ Nick Grillo remained the band's business manager until December 1971.[13]
  2. ^ From August 13 to late October, Dennis shot his parts for the Universal Pictures road movie Two-Lane Blacktop. Due to these commitments, he did not attend the rehearsals or the concerts, and was filled in by Mike Kowalski.[14]
  3. ^ Brian only played the first two nights, as he experienced a panic attack on the second.[15]
  4. ^ Rieley later told a radio interview, "From an artistic stance, it was a disastrous tour" due to the Beach Boys' disatisfactory performances.[18]
  5. ^ "Surf's Up" (portions recorded in 1966), "Take a Load Off Your Feet" (portions recorded in January 1970), "Til I Die" (portions recorded in August 1970), and "Student Demonstration Time" (portions recorded in November 1970).[21]
  6. ^ These songs were "Loop de Loop", "Susie Cincinnati", "San Miguel", "H.E.L.P. Is on the Way", "Take a Load Off Your Feet", "Carnival", "I Just Got My Pay", "Good Time", "Big Sur", "Lady", "When Girls Get Together", "Lookin' at Tomorrow", and "'Til I Die".[23]
  7. ^ It was long thought that Landlocked was a complete album that was scrapped by the Beach Boys in between Sunflower and Surf's Up, but this was not true.[23] Writing in The Beach Boys: The Definitive Diary, Keith Badman states that Landlocked was nothing more than a provisional title for Surf's Up,[9] and in a February 1970 interview, the group referred to the Second Brother Album acetate as tracks that "might be on an album, but it's not a new album".[22]
  8. ^ According to Leaf, these episodes were treated as jokes by Wilson's family and friends.[27] In a November 1970 interview, Brian discussed his daily routine of "go[ing] to bed in the early hours of the morning and sleep[ing] until the early afternoon". He said: "I'm not unhappy with life; in fact I'm quite happy living at home."[28]
  9. ^ Biographer Steven Gaines wrote that the bootlegged tape of this concert "became legendary in the rock-and-roll business."[1]
  10. ^ The Beach Boys were the only major group to appear at the rally. David Leaf wrote: "People were shaking their heads in disdain when it was announced that the Beach Boys were going to play ... All of a sudden", following the concert, "the Beach Boys were relevant."[52] According to Keith Badman, the group's status "as a notable live act" was restored with this concert, and it was held just two days after performing to one of their smallest ever crowds, in Maryland, for an audience of 200.[51]
  11. ^ The second part was published for the issue dated November 11.[57]
  12. ^ According to journalist David Hepworth, the style was unprecedented in the field of music writing, and the "story within was destined to become a classic piece from that brief interlude when pop writing collided with New Journalism ... It combined admiration for the group's achievements with distaste for their strange, inner world in a way that hadn't been done before".[58]
  13. ^ From a performance standpoint, he cited 1971 as his favorite year of the group musically because their set lists focused on newer songs.[50]

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d e f Gaines 1986, p. 242.
  2. ^ Furman, Michael. "The Beach Boys - Surf's Up". Tiny Mix Tapes. Retrieved February 29, 2016.
  3. ^ a b c Macauley, Hefner (July 18, 2000). "The Beach Boys: Sunflower/Surf's Up | Album Reviews". Pitchfork. Retrieved February 19, 2013.
  4. ^ Gaines 1986, p. 233.
  5. ^ a b c d e Badman 2004, p. 273.
  6. ^ a b Leaf 1978, p. 138.
  7. ^ Gaines 1986, p. 234.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j White, Timothy (2000). Sunflower/Surf's Up (CD Liner). The Beach Boys. Capitol Records.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Badman 2004, p. 277.
  10. ^ Carlin 2006, p. 154.
  11. ^ Badman 2004, p. 275.
  12. ^ Badman 2004, pp. 275, 277.
  13. ^ a b c Badman 2004, p. 301.
  14. ^ Badman 2004, pp. 274, 277.
  15. ^ a b c Badman 2004, p. 278.
  16. ^ Badman 2004, pp. 264, 278.
  17. ^ Badman 2004, pp. 278–279.
  18. ^ Badman 2004, p. 282.
  19. ^ Badman 2004, p. 283.
  20. ^ a b c d e f Badman 2004, p. 288.
  21. ^ a b Sessionography:
    • Doe, Andrew G. "GIGS70". Retrieved March 5, 2019.
    • Doe, Andrew G. "GIGS71". Retrieved March 5, 2019.
  22. ^ a b c Badman 2004, p. 274.
  23. ^ a b Doe, Andrew G. (2012). "UNRELEASED". Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g Badman 2004, p. 297.
  25. ^ a b c Leaf 1978, p. 144.
  26. ^ a b Carlin 2006, p. 161.
  27. ^ Leaf 1978, p. 147.
  28. ^ Badman 2004, p. 279.
  29. ^ Carlin 2006, p. 162.
  30. ^ "The Beach Boys: The River's A Dream In A Waltz Time". Aquarium Drunkard. March 14, 2017.
  31. ^ Carlin 2006, p. 160.
  32. ^ Bush, John. "Surf's Up review". Allmusic. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  33. ^ The Playlist Special, Rolling Stone
  34. ^ a b Leaf 1978, p. 146.
  35. ^ a b c Badman 2004, p. 289.
  36. ^ a b c d Badman 2004, p. 291.
  37. ^ a b Badman 2004, p. 292.
  38. ^ a b c d Badman 2004, p. 296.
  39. ^ Carlin 2006, pp. 162–163.
  40. ^ Carlin 2006, p. 163.
  41. ^ a b c d e Badman 2004, p. 298.
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Bibliography

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