Self-Taught Higher Education Examinations
| Self-Taught Higher Education Examinations | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 高等教育自学考试 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 高等教育自學考試 | ||||||
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Self-Taught Higher Education Examinations (STHEE) is a test for graduation of higher education and bachelor's degree in China. STHEE allows students to finish studies through self-study without going to school. It is practiced by National Education Examinations Authority(NEEA) of China. NEEA is an agency of the Chinese Ministry of Education.[1]
The test started in early 1980s. Later, South Korea made similar test, Bachelor's Degree Examination for Self-Education, in early 1990s.
History
Since 1981, China has held STHEE every year. In 1988, temporary regulations of STHEE was enacted by the State Council of China and the STHEE system combined with self-study, social help and national examinations was confirmed. [2]
In 1998, the 9th National People's Congress, the legislature in Mainland China, adopted Higher Education Law of the People's Republic of China and Article 21 of the Law states:[3]
The state practices self-taught higher education examination system. Students having passed the examination shall be issued corresponding certificates of educational background or other certificates of studies.
Major
Same as students on regular university or college via the National College Entrance Examination, STHEE also has two levels, specialized (equivalent to two- or three- year specialized program in regular) and undergraduate (equivalent to four-year undergraduate program in regular).
Not all majors will be opened in a region and a same major may have different courses by region or examiner university.
Undergraduate
- Economics: 9
- Law: 8
- Education: 11
- Literature: 19
- Science: 5
- Engineering: 46
- Agriculture: 10
- Medicine: 8
- Management: 32
- Art: 9
A total of 157 specific majors.[4]
Specialized
- Agriculture, Forestry, Husbandry and Fishing: 5
- Natural Resources and Safety: 3
- Energy Power and Materials: 1
- Civil Engineering and Architecture: 6
- Equipment Manufacturing: 9
- Biology and Chemical Engineering: 2
- Food, Medicine and Grain: 3
- Transportation and Communication: 3
- Electronic Information: 8
- Medical and Health: 5
- Finance, Economics and Business: 16
- Tourism: 4
- Culture and Arts: 12
- Journalism and Communication: 3
- Education and Sport: 13
- Public Security and Justice: 3
- Public Management and Service: 5
A total of 101 specific majors.[4]
Organization
Provincial educational examinations authority
Each provincial educational examinations authority(region EEA) organizes and manages STHEE in its province or municipality or autonomous region. In the army, the People's Liberation Army (PLA), has an independent authority, the STHEE Committee of the Chinese People's Liberation Army(中国人民解放军高等教育自学考试委员会), to organize and manage its STHEE.
Examiner university
The examiner university is a college or university chosen by region EEA and responsible for participating in the course, rating of papers, holding practical courses including dissertation and issuing degree certificate(undergraduate only).
The examiner universities in the army STHEE are all related to the PLA.
Examinations
A plan of a major normally has two types of tests, practical courses and written courses which are also categorized into national examinations and provincial examinations, but many majors don't have provincial examinations.
National examinations is produced by NEEA or others designated by NEEA, and NEEA organizes teachers and experts to write and publish textbooks for it. The content of textbooks and exam refer to the same level of regular university or college.
Provincial examinations and created by region EEA or inter-provincial organizations or the army authority.
Process
National examinations is generally held twice a year, once for two days, in April and October. [5] Students can freely choose any one to four course(s) in national examination each time.
In several provinces or in the army, provincial examinations is held there twice a year, in January and July. In other provinces, the date may be the day(s) after or before the national performance, it is decided by region EEA or the army authority.[5]
Practical course is held by examiner university. If the practical course has corresponding written course, student must pass it before taking the practical course. For undergraduate students, practical includes dissertation.
Graduating
Students passing the examinations of all courses that a major requires can be issued a graduate certificate.
For undergraduate students, in order to obtain a bachelor's degree, he/she must meet other requirements by examiner university.
See also
- Bachelor's Degree Examination for Self-Education (South Korea)
References
- ^ "An introduction to The National Education Examinations Authority" (Archive). National Education Examinations Authority. Retrieved on March 14, 2015. "Address: Li Ye building, Tsinghua Science Park, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084 People's Republic of China" - Chinese address: "北京市海淀区清华科技园区立业大厦邮编：100084" - Map in Chinese
- ^ "高等教育自学考试制度 - 中国教育考试网". zikao.neea.edu.cn. National Education and Examinations Authority. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- ^ "Higher Education Law of the People's Republic of China -- china.org.cn". China.org. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- ^ a b "教育部办公厅关于印发《高等教育自学考试专业设置实施细则》和《高等教育自学考试开考专业清单》的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站". www.moe.gov.cn. Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
- ^ a b "自学考试课程考试是怎么安排的？ - 中国教育考试网". zikao.neea.edu.cn. National Education and Examinations Authority. Retrieved 30 September 2020.