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Cadillac CTS

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Cadillac CTS
Overview
ManufacturerCadillac (General Motors)
Production2002–present
Model years2003–2014 (As a midsize sedan) 2014-present (As a full-size sedan)
Body and chassis
Class
Body style
RelatedCadillac CTS-V
Chronology
Predecessor

The Cadillac CTS is a mid-size luxury car / executive car designed, engineered, manufactured and marketed by Cadillac, and now in its third generation.

Initially available as a four door sedan on the GM Sigma platform, Cadillac offered the second generation CTS in three body styles: 4-door sedan, 2-door coupe, and 5-door sport wagon also using the Sigma platform — and the third generation in coupe and sedan configurations, using a stretched version of the GM Alpha platform.

Wayne Cherry and Kip Wasenko designed the exterior of the first generation CTS, marking the production debut of a design language (marketed as "Art and Science") first seen on the Evoq concept car. Bob Boniface and Robin Krieg designed the exterior of the third generation CTS.

Variants of the CTS have been named to the Car and Driver 10Best list six times and have won the Motor Trend Car of the Year award twice. As of February 2014, the 2014 model ranked number one among Upscale Midsize Cars according to U.S. News & World Report.[2]

First generation (2003–2007)

Cadillac CTS (First generation)
Overview
ProductionSeptember 20th 2002–2007
Model years2003–2007
Assembly
Designer
Body and chassis
ClassExecutive car
Body style4-door sedan
LayoutFront-engine, rear-wheel drive
PlatformGM Sigma platform
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase113.4 in (2,880.4 mm)
Length190.1 in (4,828.5 mm)[5]
Width70.6 in (1,793.2 mm)
Height56.7 in (1,440.2 mm)
Curb weight3,568 lb (1,618 kg)

Introduced on September 20, 2002 as a 2003 model, the CTS was built on GM's new rear-wheel drive Sigma platform and sported a fully independent suspension. It marked a return to RWD cars for the brand, and was the first Cadillac to be offered with a manual transmission since the 1988 Cimarron. The CTS was designed as a replacement for the Opel-based Catera. Wayne Cherry and Kip Wasenko designed the exterior of the first generation CTS and this vehicle marked the production debut of the "Art and Science" design language first seen on the Evoq concept car.[6]

CTSs are manufactured at GM's Lansing Grand River plant in Lansing, Michigan. The CTS was also assembled in China during 2006, and production was subsequently discontinued.

Originally powered by a 3.2 L LA3 V6 producing 220 hp (164 kW), the CTS received an updated 3.6 L DOHC V6 with variable valve timing in 2004, producing 255 hp (190 kW) and 252 lb⋅ft (342 N⋅m) of torque. The 3.2 L engine went out of production in 2005, when a new 2.8 L version of the DOHC V6 debuted in an entry-level version of the CTS. In Europe, the 2.8 L replaces the previous entry-level 2.6 L engine.

The CTS was originally offered with either GM's in-house five-speed 5L40-E automatic transmission or a five-speed Getrag 260 manual transmission. For the 2005 model year, the Getrag was replaced with an Aisin AY-6 six-speed.

In 2004, GM introduced the CTS-V, a high performance version of the CTS intended to compete with luxury performance sedans like the BMW M3/M5, Audi S4/S6, and Mercedes-Benz C and E-class AMGs. The 2004 and 2005 CTS-Vs were equipped with the 5.7L LS6 V-8 (400 hp @ 6000rpm, 395 ft-lb @ 4800rpm), a Tremec T56 6-speed manual transmission, 14+" rotors and Brembo 4-piston calipers front and rear, suspension upgrades (higher spring rates, stiffer anti-roll bars, two available damper packages), and subtle exterior changes. As the LS6 was phased out, the 2006 and 2007 CTS-Vs received the 6.0L LS2 V-8, which carried the same HP and torque ratings (with peak torque coming 400rpm sooner).

2006–2007 Cadillac CTS
European CTS

Second generation (2008–2014)

Cadillac CTS (Second generation)
Overview
Production2007–2014
Model years2008–2013 (non-V sedan only)
2010–2014 (wagon)
2011–2014 (coupe)
Assembly
  • United States: Lansing, Michigan (Lansing Grand River Assembly)
  • Taiwan: Miaoli
  • Russia: Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Oblast (Avtotor)[3][4]
Designer
Body and chassis
Class
[1]
Body style
Layout
PlatformGM Sigma II
Powertrain
Engine
  • 3.0 L LF1 V6 (gasoline)
  • 3.0 L LFW V6 (gasoline)
  • 3.6 L LY7 V6 (gasoline)
  • 3.6 L LLT V6 (gasoline)
  • 3.6 L LFX V6 (gasoline)
  • 6.2 L LSA V8 (supercharged gasoline)
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase113.4 in (2,880 mm)
Length191.6 in (4,867 mm) (2008-2011 sedan)
191.3 in (4,859 mm) (2010-11 wagon)
188.5 in (4,788 mm) (coupe)
192.0 in (4,877 mm) (2012-present wagon)
Width72.5 in (1,841 mm) (sedan)
72.6 in (1,844 mm) (wagon)
74.1 in (1,882 mm) (coupe)
Height58 in (1,473 mm) (sedan)
59.1 in (1,501 mm) (wagon)
55.9 in (1,420 mm) (coupe)
Curb weight3,860 lb (1,751 kg) (sedan)
Chronology
SuccessorCadillac ATS (to compete in midsize segment, as the 2014-present CTS for full-size segment)

On April 2, 2006, in a 60 Minutes interview with Bob Lutz, part of a prototype Cadillac was revealed to audiences. The car featured interior and exterior design influences from the 2003 Cadillac Sixteen concept car.

GM revealed the all-new 2008 CTS at the North American International Auto Show in January 2007. The 2008-2009 base model featured a 3.6 L LY7 V6 with 263 hp (196 kW) and 253 lb⋅ft (343 N⋅m) of torque carried over from the previous generation. The 2010 base model featured a 3.0 L variable valve timing (VVT) V6 with 270 hp (201 kW) and 252 lb⋅ft (342 N⋅m) of torque. A second engine, a new 3.6 L direct-injection V6 VVT engine with 304 hp (227 kW) and 274 lb⋅ft (371 N⋅m) of torque was also offered. A 6-speed manual transmission was standard equipment on the second generation CTS and GM's 6-speed Hydra-matic 6L50 automatic transmission was available as an option on all variants. On-demand all-wheel drive was offered with both engines when equipped with an automatic transmission.[7] Suspension, braking, and steering improvements from the previous generation CTS-V were designed into the new standard CTS.[citation needed]

The second generation CTS was wider and longer than the original, measuring 191.6 in (4,867 mm) long, 72.5 in (1,841 mm) wide and 58 in (1,473 mm) in height. Wheelbase remained unchanged at 113.4 in (2,880 mm), but with a wider front/rear track of 61.8 / 62.0 inches (1575 / 1585 mm), donated by the larger STS. Other changes included a revamped exterior, with a new, larger grille, slimmer headlights and taillights, side air extractor vents located forward of the front doors, and new nine-spoke 18-inch wheels, surrounding larger high-performance brake calipers and rotors. Available features on the second-gen CTS included a Bose 5.1 surround sound system, GM's Stabilitrak ESC system, a tire pressure monitoring system, a navigation system with real-time traffic and weather data, an integrated 40 GB hard drive for music storage, swiveling headlights, and remote starting.

In 2008, the General Motors chose the CTS to re-launch the Cadillac brand in Australia and New Zealand.[8] However, in early 2009, amidst the global financial crisis, a last minute decision was made not to go ahead with the launch. As a result, a small batch of cars which had already been shipped to Australia had to be returned to the factory.

During the 2010 model year, the GM badges were dropped, although early 2010 models still had GM badges.

2012 Cadillac CTS sedan

For the 2012 CTS, the front grille used higher quality materials to give a more vertical design, and the Cadillac logo was being subtly changed to give a more vibrant appearance. The biggest change was to the engine. Although kept the same 3.6-liter displacement, the V6 was able to produce 318 horsepower while dropping weight thanks to some modified engine internals. For 2012, GM also offered some new technology and option packages with the Cadillac CTS.[9]

  • European-spec Cadillac CTS
    European-spec Cadillac CTS
  • CTS interior
    CTS interior
  • CTS interior
    CTS interior

Coupe

2011 Cadillac CTS coupe

At the 2008 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, General Motors unveiled a coupe concept version of the CTS, alongside the new CTS-V performance sedan. The coupe's unveiling surprised the media and public, stealing a great deal of attention away from the CTS-V. In November 2009, the production version was unveiled in a press release. The coupe went into production in spring 2010 for sale in August 2010 as a 2011 model.[10] The design of the production model is very similar to the concept, with the B-pillars still removed. The standard engine will be a 3.6L direct injected V6 rated at 304 hp. Like the sedan, both six-speed manual and automatic transmissions, in either RWD or AWD configurations, will be available. A CTS-V Coupe has also been confirmed, and was shown at the 2010 North American International Auto Show in Detroit.[11] The CTS Coupe will be Cadillac's first coupe since the Eldorado, which was discontinued in 2002.

Sport Wagon

2010 Cadillac CTS wagon

At the 2008 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance, Cadillac presented the 2010 CTS Sport Wagon.[12] The wagon became available in late 2009 as a 2010 model. A CTS-V version was added for 2011.

The CTS Sport Wagon is available in either rear-wheel-drive or all-wheel-drive layouts, and is powered by either a 3.0-liter DOHC V6 engine or a 3.6-liter V6 with variable valve timing. The 3.0-liter engine produces 270 horsepower, and the 3.6-liter produces 304.[13]

The car is made for primarily the European market, where in some countries, wagons are preferred to sedans.[citation needed]

With the third generation, Cadillac ceased production of the CTS wagon.

Third generation (2014–)

Cadillac CTS (Third generation)
2014 Cadillac CTS 2.0L Turbo shown in Red Obsession Tintcoat with 18" x 8.5" painted aluminum wheels and Jet Black with Morello Red-accented leather interior
Overview
Production2013–
Model years2014–
Assembly
  • United States: Lansing, Michigan (Lansing Grand River Assembly)
  • China: Shanghai (Shanghai GM)
Designer
  • Exterior: Bob Boniface and Robin Krieg[14]
  • Interior: Eric Clough[15]
Body and chassis
ClassExecutive car (sedan)
Body style4-door sedan
Layout
PlatformGM Alpha[16]
Powertrain
Engine
Transmission
Dimensions
Wheelbase114.6 in (2,911 mm)
Length195.5 in (4,966 mm)
Width72.2 in (1,834 mm)
Height57.2 in (1,453 mm)
Curb weight3,615–3,976 lb (1,640–1,803 kg)
A 2014 Cadillac CTS4 2.0L Turbo in Phantom Grey Metallic on display at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show
This 2014 Cadillac CTS4 2.0L Turbo is shown with 15-spoke, 18" x 8.5" painted aluminum wheels.
All-wheel drive models of the 2014 CTS carry a "CTS4" badge on the trunk lid.

On March 26, 2013, Cadillac unveiled the third generation of the CTS. The 2014 CTS uses the 2.0L turbocharged I4 and 3.6L V6 from the ATS and also offers an all-new twin turbocharged V6 producing 420 horsepower (313 kW) and 430 lb⋅ft (583 N⋅m) of torque. The twin turbocharged engine will only be available in the CTS Vsport, a new trim that serves as a step between the 3.6L V6 and the high-performance CTS V.[17]

Design

Bob Boniface and Robin Krieg designed the exterior of the third generation CTS.[14] Eric Clough designed the interior.[15]

Production

General Motors began assembling 2014 CTS sedans intended for sale to customers on 16 September 2013. Sales began in October 2013.[18][19]

Reception

Motor Trend named the third-generation CTS its 2014 Car of the Year. As customary with award winners, the magazine acquired a CTS (in Vsport trim) for a long-term test. Its verdict lauded the car's driving dynamics and reliability but criticized its CUE multi-media interface.

In a four-way comparison in the December 2013 issue of Car and Driver the 2014 CTS 3.6 placed second overall. The article praised the handling of the CTS stating "[The CTS] is the only car in this group that didn't just put up with hard driving, it indeed goaded its driver to go faster." and praised the stopping ability, stiff structure and light weight of the car. The article criticized the engine for being "coarse in the upper ranges", the acceleration times, the fuel economy and the CUE entertainment system.[20]

Consumers were less enthusiastic about the car due in part to its notably higher sticker price versus the previous generation CTS sedan. Sales concerns forced Cadillac to apply significant rebates to the 2014 models and lower sticker prices on the 2015s.[21]

2016 Model Year Changes

For the 2016 model year all uses of the 6-speed 6L45 for an automatic transmission, replaced by the new 8-speed 8L45 automatic transmission, with the 8L45 also taking over duties with the naturally aspirated 3.6L V6 from the 8-speed Aisin TL-80SN automatic transmission. V-Sport models will continue to use the 8-speed Aisin TL-80SN.

CTS-V

The third generation CTS-V is going to include a 6.2 litre 640 hp LT4 supercharged gasoline V8 engine, as the most powerful Cadillac ever produced to date. The third generation CTS-V is commonly known as a Four-door Corvette, because of its supercharged V8 from the Corvette C7 Z06 and a top speed of 200 miles per hour. It weighs 4145 pounds.

Powertrains

All engines available in the 2014 CTS are constructed from cast aluminum blocks and heads and utilize direct injection and variable valve timing.[22]

2014 Cadillac CTS Powertrains
Displacement Fuel GM Type Configuration Aspiration Power Torque Layouts Transmissions Model Years
2.0 L
(1,998 cc)		 Gasoline LTG I-4 Turbocharged 272 hp (203 kW) @ 5500 rpm 295 lb⋅ft (400 N⋅m) @ 1700-5500 rpm FR, F4 (optional) 6-speed automatic 2014-
3.6 L
(3,564 cc)		 Gasoline LFX V6 Natural 321 hp (239 kW) @ 6800 rpm 274 lb⋅ft (371 N⋅m) @ 4800 rpm FR, F4 (optional) 6-speed automatic,
8-speed automatic (optional - RWD only)		 2014-2015
3.6 L
(3,649 cc)		 Gasoline LGX V6 Natural 335 hp (250 kW) @ 6800 rpm 285 lb⋅ft (386 N⋅m) @ 5300 rpm FR, F4 (optional) 8-speed automatic 2016-
3.6 L
(3,564 cc)		 Gasoline LF3 V6 Twin turbocharged 420 hp (310 kW) @ 5750 rpm 430 lb⋅ft (583 N⋅m) @ 3500-4500 rpm FR 8-speed automatic 2014-
6.2 L
(6,162 cc)		 Gasoline LT4 V8 Supercharged 640 hp (480 kW) @ 6400 rpm 630 lb⋅ft (854 N⋅m) @ 3600rpm FR automatic 2016-
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2014 CTS.

Awards

In its first year of production, the first-generation CTS was nominated for the 2002 North American Car of the Year award.[5][23] The gen-2 CTS/CTS-V won MotorWeek's Driver's Choice Awards for "Best Sport Sedan" in 2008 and 2009. The second-generation CTS won the 2008 Motor Trend Car of the Year award and was chosen as one of Car and Driver's 10Best cars.[24][25]

In 2009, the second-generation CTS and CTS-V were chosen for the Car and Driver 10Best list, making the CTS the first Cadillac to be chosen twice in consecutive years.[26] In 2010, the second-generation CTS and CTS-V returned to the Car and Driver 10Best list under the sub-headline "Maybe the best American car ever made".[27] The CTS-V made the Car and Driver 10Best list again in 2011 and 2012.[28][29]

The third-generation CTS won the 2014 Motor Trend Car of the Year award and was named to the Car and Driver 10Best list.[30][31][32]

Marketing

The success of the CTS has been attributed in part to the car's placement in the 2003 sci-fi action film The Matrix Reloaded. The producers of the film were seeking a car that would complement the film's atmosphere.[33] General Motors suggested the then-unreleased CTS to the filmmakers, who accepted; ten prototypes damaged to different extents were used to represent the film's star car, a silver CTS.[34]

CTS-V

Main article: Cadillac CTS-V

The CTS-V is a high-performance version of the CTS.[35] The current model features a supercharged 6.2L LSA V8 engine producing 556 horsepower (415 kW) and 551 lb⋅ft (747 N⋅m) of torque. The first generation CTS-V was introduced in 2004 as a 4-door sedan and was available through 2007. The second generation CTS-V sedan, coupe and station wagon will continue to be sold through to at least 2014, concurrent with the third generation standard sedan, until the third generation CTS-V is ready.[36]

Sales

Total combined sales of all Cadillac CTS models by year.

Calendar year United States Global
2002 37,976
2003 49,392
2004[37] 57,211
2005 61,512
2006[38] 54,846
2007 57,029
2008[39] 58,774
2009[40] 38,817
2010[41] 45,656
2011[42] 55,042
2012[43] 46,979
2013[44] 32,343
2014[45] 31,115 34,230[46]
2015[47] 19,485 23,167[46]

References

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