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Deftones
Deftones in 2011 at the Shepherd's Bush Empire. Shown from left to right: Carpenter, Cunningham, Moreno and Vega.
Deftones in 2011 at the Shepherd's Bush Empire. Shown from left to right: Carpenter, Cunningham, Moreno and Vega.
Background information
OriginSacramento, California, United States
Genres
Years active1988–present
Labels
MembersStephen Carpenter
Abe Cunningham
Chino Moreno
Frank Delgado
Sergio Vega
Past membersDominic Garcia
Chi Cheng
John Taylor
Websitedeftones.com

Deftones are an American rock band from Sacramento, California. The band, which was founded in 1988, consists of Chino Moreno (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Stephen Carpenter (lead guitar), Frank Delgado (keyboards and turntables), Abe Cunningham (drums and percussion) and Sergio Vega (bass). The group's original bassist was Chi Cheng, whose career with the band ended when he was left comatose from a 2008 car accident, which ultimately led to his death in 2013. Deftones have released seven albums, with three platinum (Adrenaline, Around the Fur, White Pony) and one gold certification (for Deftones).

History

Early years (1988–1993)

When Carpenter was 15 years old, he was hit by a car while skateboarding. Confined to a wheelchair for several months, he began teaching himself guitar by playing along to bands such as Anthrax, Stormtroopers of Death and Metallica.[1] The driver supposedly paid Carpenter a cash settlement that allowed the band to purchase equipment,[1][2][3] but Cunningham commented in an interview that the story was simply "a myth about how our band was started."[4]

Carpenter, Moreno and Cunningham began playing together whilst attending McClatchy High School in Sacramento

Carpenter, Moreno and Cunningham were friends from their childhood. All three went to McClatchy High School in Sacramento and remained friends through the city's skateboarding scene.[1] When Moreno found out that Carpenter played guitar, he set up a jam session with Cunningham, who played drums, and the three began playing regularly in Carpenter's garage around 1988. After the departure of original bassist Dominic Garcia, the band acquired Cheng in 1990 and recorded a four-track demo soon afterwards.[1][5] John Taylor replaced Cunningham on drums in 1991, until Cunningham's return in 1993.[6][7] Within two years, the band began playing club shows and later expanded their gigging territory to San Francisco and Los Angeles, where they played shows alongside bands such as Korn.[3][8] While closing for another band in L.A., after the majority of the audience had left, the band impressed a Maverick Records representative. They were signed to the label after performing three of their songs for Freddy DeMann and Guy Oseary.[3][8]

The name "Deftones" was created by Carpenter, who wanted to pick "something that would just stand out but you know, not be all cheese-ball at the same time."[9] Carpenter combined the hip hop slang term "def," which was used by artists such as LL Cool J and Public Enemy, with the suffix "-tones," which was popular among 1950s bands (e.g., Dick Dale and the Del-Tones, The Quin-Tones, The Monotones, The Cleftones and The Harptones). Carpenter said the name is intentionally vague to reflect the band's tendency to not focus on just one style of music.[9]

Adrenaline (1994–1996)

The band's debut album, Adrenaline, was recorded at Bad Animals Studio in Seattle, Washington and released on October 3, 1995. It was produced by Deftones and Terry Date, who would go on to produce the band's next three albums. While they were initially unsuccessful, the band built a dedicated fan base through extensive touring, word-of-mouth and Internet promotion; Adrenaline also went on to sell over 220,000 copies.[2][10] The band contributed the non-album track "Teething" to the soundtrack for the 1996 film The Crow: City of Angels and were also seen performing the song live during one of the film's scenes. The track "Engine No. 9" was later covered by Korn and Suicide Silence, and appeared in the film Law Abiding Citizen.

The album spent 21 weeks on the Billboard Heatseekers chart, reaching a peak position of 23.[11] When asked what he attributed the album's success to, Cheng responded, "One word: perseverance. We've been together for almost eight years, on the road for two, and we do it with honesty and integrity – and the kids can tell".[12] The album was certified gold by the RIAA on July 7, 1999 in recognition of 500,000 units sold.[13]

Regarding the recording of the album, Cunningham said, "At the time we did the first record – which I really like and think is good – you can tell the band was really young. We'd been playing most of those songs for quite a while, and we were just so happy to be making a record that we didn't really think a whole lot about making the songs better".[14] Moreno felt that Adrenaline was recorded "really fast"[15] and performed all his vocals live with the band in the room using a hand-held Shure SM58 microphone.[16] AllMusic's review of Adrenaline praised the album's musical control, precision, overall groove and Cunningham's "surprisingly sophisticated drumming". It was also noted that "there is a bit of sameness in Chino Moreno's whispered vocal melodies, which drags the record down a bit".[17]

Adrenaline was certified platinum on September 23, 2008 by the RIAA, in recognition of 1 million units sold.[13]

Around the Fur (1997–1999)

Deftones' second album, Around the Fur, was recorded at Studio Litho in Seattle, Washington and produced by Date. Released on October 28, 1997, the album was dedicated to Dana Wells, the late stepson of the singer Max Cavalera of Sepultura, Soulfly and Cavalera Conspiracy. Cavalera also collaborated on "Headup", a tribute to Wells.[18] Although not yet a member of the band, Delgado was credited as "audio" on five of the album's tracks and Cunningham's wife, Annalynn, provided guest vocals on "MX".[citation needed]

"Be Quiet and Drive (Far Away)"
Sample of "Be Quiet and Drive (Far Away)", the second single from Around the Fur (1997). This shows the album's cleaner production and a tendency toward more melody in the music.[15]
Problems playing this file? See media help.

"When we went in to make this record, we really didn't have a set idea of what we wanted to come out with", said Moreno in a 1998 interview with Chart magazine. However, he felt that the album "fell into place" once the band had settled into the studio.[15] The band expanded its sound, spending more time with Date and giving more thought to the album's production. Cunningham varied his drum sound and experimented by using different types of snare drum on almost every track.[14] The album was praised for its loud-soft dynamics, the flow of the tracks, Moreno's unusual vocals, and the strong rhythm-section performance of Cheng and Cunningham.[15][19][20] Stephen Thomas Erlewine's review noted that "while they don't have catchy riffs or a fully developed sound, Around the Fur suggests they're about to come into their own".[21]

Around the Fur propelled the band to fame in the alternative metal scene on the strength of radio and MTV airplay for the singles "My Own Summer (Shove It)" and "Be Quiet and Drive (Far Away)".[2] Around the Fur sold 43,000 copies in its first week of release, and entered the Billboard 200 at No. 29 (its peak position), remaining on the charts for 17 weeks.[20][22] The band went back to touring, making appearances at the Warped Tour (in the United States, New Zealand and Australia), Pinkpop Festival, Roskilde Festival and Ozzfest as well as releasing a live EP on June 22, 1999. Around the Fur went on to reach RIAA gold status on June 24, 1999, and platinum status on June 7, 2011.[13] "My Own Summer (Shove It)" appeared on The Matrix: Music from the Motion Picture, released March 30, 1999.

White Pony (2000–2002)

Moreno has been credited as contributing guitar from White Pony onwards.

On June 20, 2000, the band released their third album, White Pony, again produced by Date and Deftones. It was recorded at The Plant Recording Studios in Sausalito, California and at Larrabee Sound Studios, West Hollywood, California. The album debuted at No. 3 on the U.S. Billboard chart with sales of 178,000 copies.[23] Delgado, now a full-time band member, added new elements to the band's music. The melancholy "Teenager", for example, was a radical departure in style and mood,[citation needed] a "love song", according to Moreno,[24] which incorporated elements of glitch and trip hop, with programming duties carried out by DJ Crook, a friend of Moreno (and bandmate in his side project Team Sleep). "Passenger" was a collaboration with singer Maynard James Keenan of Tool, the refrain in "Knife Prty" featured vocals by Rodleen Getsic, and Scott Weiland did some backing vocals on "RX Queen". Moreno also started contributing additional guitar on several tracks.[citation needed]

"Change (In the House of Flies)"
Sample of "Change (In the House of Flies)", the first single from White Pony (2000) and also the band's highest charting single to date.[25] The sample shows Delgado's atmospheric sound effects during the verse leading into a guitar-heavy chorus with guitars played by both Carpenter and Moreno.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

An interview with the band in Alternative Press explained the recording process of White Pony.[26] After a break from touring, the band spent four months in the studio writing and recording it, the longest amount of time they had dedicated to an album thus far. Moreno explained that the majority of this time was spent trying to write songs, and that the writing of "Change (In the House of Flies)" was the turning point where the band began working as a unit. Despite being pressured to release the album sooner, the band decided to take their time. Cheng explained, "We didn't feel like we had anything to lose, so we made the record we wanted to make." Moreno did not have an overall lyrical theme in mind, but made a conscious decision to bring an element of fantasy into his lyrics, explaining, "I basically didn't sing about myself on this record. I made up a lot of story lines and some dialogue, even. I took myself completely out of it and wrote about other things".[26]

Reviews were generally positive, commenting on Moreno's increasing sophistication as a lyricist and the group's experimentalism.[27][clarification needed] Allmusic's review said that "Deftones went soft, but in an impressive way, to twist around its signature punk thrash sound".[28]

The album was originally released as an 11-track edition beginning with "Feiticeira" and ending with "Pink Maggit", and featuring gray cover art. A limited-edition print of 50,000 black-and-red jewel case versions of White Pony were also released at the same time with a bonus 12th track titled "The Boy's Republic". Later, the band released "Back to School (Mini Maggit)", a rap-influenced interpretation of "Pink Maggit". "Back to School (Mini Maggit)" was track 11 on the leaked pre-release version of White Pony in April 2000 but was not included on the original (official) issue of the album in June 2000. The leaked version of White Pony also included the slower version of "Pink Maggit" that appeared on the first official White Pony CDs. That song was listed as a bonus track (track 12) on the leaked pre-release version.[29] The song was released as a single and included as the new opening track of a re-released White Pony on October 3, 2000. The new release still had "Pink Maggit" as the final track and featured altered white cover art. Not entirely happy with re-releasing the album, the band negotiated to have "Back to School" made available as a free download for anyone who had already bought the original album. Moreno noted that "Everybody's already downloaded our record before it came out anyway, otherwise I'd be kind of feelin' like, 'Man, why [are] we putting [out] all these different versions of the record?' [...] that's the best way we can actually get this song out to the people who already purchased this record, for free basically. And if they wanna buy the record again, it's cool".[30]

White Pony achieved platinum status on July 17, 2002,[13] selling over 1.3 million copies in the US,[23] and earned the band a 2001 Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance for the song "Elite".[31]

Deftones (2003–2005)

"When Girls Telephone Boys"
Sample of "When Girls Telephone Boys" from Deftones's self-titled album (2003) which showcases the album's heavier sound, Moreno's screamed vocals and Delgado's sampling effects in the background.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

Deftones began work on their fourth album under the working title Lovers.[32] Regarding the album's direction, Cheng commented, "We've proven that we can musically go in any direction we want, and we want to get kind of heavy on this one".[33] Moreno underwent vocal training as a precaution after severely damaging his vocal cords on the band's 2001 summer tour.[33] The band converted their rehearsal space in Sacramento into a fully equipped studio and recorded most of the album there at negligible cost. The band brought in Date to assist with production and also received input on musical arrangement from Greg Wells on several of the album's tracks. The band later added more material at Studio X in Seattle, Washington and at Larrabee Sound Studios. Overall, the album took 12 months and cost roughly $2.5 million to complete. The band was fined by Maverick for missing deadlines.[34]

In January 2003, Deftones left the studio to perform several one-off shows in Australia and New Zealand as part of the annual Big Day Out Festival. Shortly after, the band returned to the studio to finish their fourth album. The self-titled Deftones was released on May 20, 2003. It entered the Billboard 200 at No. 2 and sold 167,000 copies in its first week.[23] The album remained in the Billboard Top 100 for nine weeks, supported by the first single, "Minerva".[35] The band shot a video for the album's second single, "Hexagram", with fans watching the band play the song in an indoor skatepark in Simi Valley, California. The band made a video for the track "Bloody Cape", but it was never released for television play. The video was only made available on the band's official website for one day. It was later issued on their B-Sides and Rarities DVD.[citation needed]

Reviews were mainly positive, praising the band for the album's progression and originality in the midst of declining creativity in contemporary metal.[36] Moreno was quoted as saying, "It's all on record. We told motherfuckers not to lump us in with nu metal because when those bands go down we aren't going to be with them".[34] In reviewing Deftones, Stephen Thomas Erlewine wrote that "Hexagram", the album's opener, "hits hard — harder than they ever have, revealing how mushy Staind is, or how toothless Linkin Park is". He also went on to say, however, that the album "sticks a little too close to familiar territory".[37] A.V. Club (The Onion) similarly called the album "less rewarding than its predecessor, though its peaks rival any in the genre".[38]

The band released a compilation album titled B-Sides & Rarities on October 4, 2005. The CD includes various B-sides and covers from throughout their career, while the DVD contains behind-the-scenes footage and the band's complete videography up to that point.

Saturday Night Wrist (2006–2007)

Deftones performing live in Glasgow, June 2006.

Deftones released their fifth album, Saturday Night Wrist, on October 31, 2006. It debuted at No. 10 on the U.S. Billboard chart with sales of just over 76,000,[39] a significant decrease in the first-week sales of their two previous releases.

Rather than work with Date, their producer for many years, Deftones decided to record with Bob Ezrin. Cunningham said that while the group enjoyed working with Date, "at this point, we just needed to change things up [...] And this is definitely a different style. Working with him [Ezrin] is just putting us fucking upside down. He's cracking the whip".[40] After recording all the instrumental parts for the record, Moreno decided to record his vocals separately, and finished recording the album with former Far guitarist Shaun Lopez as producer. According to interviews with members of Deftones, the tensions involved with the recording of Saturday Night Wrist nearly led to the demise of the band. Collaborations on the record include Annie Hardy from Giant Drag on the song "Pink Cellphone" and Serj Tankian from System of a Down on the track "Mein".

The album's first single, "Hole in the Earth", was first played on radio on October 16, 2006. It was also featured as a downloadable song for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions of Guitar Hero 3. "Mein" was the album's second single, which aired in the spring of 2007.

As of September 2010, Saturday Night Wrist had sold approximately 325,000 copies (US) and a little over 600,000 worldwide, according to Nielsen SoundScan.

Deftones spent the majority of 2006 and 2007 touring around the world in support of the album, performing in North America, Europe, South America, Japan and Australia. The band also performed on such tours as Taste of Chaos, Family Values Tour and the Soundwave Festival.

Eros sessions and Cheng's car accident (2008–2009)

Template:Details3 In the fall of 2007, Deftones started writing songs for what was planned to be their sixth studio album, Eros. Moreno described the album as unorthodox and aggressive. Recording started on April 14, 2008.[41] The album was initially set to be released early in 2009, but was delayed.

File:Chi Cheng2.jpg
Former bassist Chi Cheng, pictured in 2006. Cheng's music career essentially ended after his accident.

On November 4, 2008, Cheng was seriously injured in a car accident in Santa Clara, California. As a result of the injuries sustained in the crash, he remained in a minimally conscious state. Following the accident, Cheng's bandmates and his mother, Jeanne, began using the Deftones blog to post updates on Cheng's condition. On December 9, 2008, it was announced that Cheng had been moved into the care of an unnamed hospital that "specializes in the care and management of traumatic and non-trauma related brain injuries."

In late January 2009, the band released a new statement, stating that "our fallen comrade has not yet made significant progress", and that a friend of the band, Sergio Vega (formerly of Quicksand), would be taking over as bassist in Cheng's absence, as he had done temporarily in 1998.[42] On April 5, the band played their first show without Cheng since 1998 at the Bamboozle Left festival in Irvine, California.

On June 23, 2009, Deftones announced on their official website that Eros would be delayed indefinitely, saying, "As we neared completion on Eros, we realized that this record doesn't best encompass and represent who we are currently as people and as musicians. And although those songs will see the light of day at some point, we collectively made the decision that we needed to take a new approach, and with Chi's condition heavy on our minds while doing so. We needed to return to the studio to do what we felt was right artistically". They also said, "The decision to hold off on releasing Eros has no connection with Chi's condition or anything associated. This was, and is, purely a creative decision by the band to write, record, and deliver an amazing product".[43]

Korn members Brian "Head" Welch and Reginald "Fieldy" Arvizu, along with members of Sevendust, Slipknot and other rock bands, recorded and released "A Song for Chi", with proceeds benefitting Cheng and his family.[44] To aid in the fundraising for the Cheng family, the band announced two 2009 benefit shows in Los Angeles.[45]

A website – One Love for Chi – was launched by a Deftones fan about four months after Cheng's accident. The site served as a platform for updates and information on Cheng's condition, as well as serving as an auction site for items donated by friends of the band. All proceeds raised by the website were donated to his family so they could provide him the best possible medical care. Items auctioned on the site included rare and autographed pieces from Sevendust, Alice in Chains, Nikki Sixx, Chris Cornell and others.

Diamond Eyes (2010–2011)

Deftones released their sixth album, Diamond Eyes, on May 4, 2010. Its release was pushed forward from the initially reported May 18 release date, most likely due to the entire album having been leaked onto the Internet in March 2010. On February 23, 2010, the album's first single, "Rocket Skates", was made available for free download at www.gunsrazorsknives.com.[46][47] The album was produced by Nick Raskulinecz.

Deftones performing at the Big Day Out festival on the Gold Coast in 2011.

On March 15, Deftones debuted their first radio-ready single, "Diamond Eyes". Both "Diamond Eyes" and "Rocket Skates" received positive reviews from fans and critics, with many making comparisons of the two singles' style and sound to that of material from the Around the Fur album.[48]

Teaming up with bands Mastodon and Alice in Chains, Deftones went on tour in the fall of 2010 in the United States and Canada. The tour was called Blackdiamondskye, a portmanteau of the three bands' latest albums (Black Gives Way to Blue, Diamond Eyes and Crack the Skye). The tour included a limited edition series of silk-screened art prints promoting each show individually, created by the poster artist Jermaine Rogers. Rogers has created a majority of the Deftones concert poster and print artwork since the late 1990s.[49]

On April 16, 2011, in honor of Record Store Day, the band released an LP titled Covers, containing several cover songs that the band had recorded over the years, including "Drive" (originally by The Cars), "If Only Tonight We Could Sleep" (originally by The Cure) and "No Ordinary Love" (originally by Sade). On October 25, Deftones released The Vinyl Collection 1995—2011 in a limited edition of 1,000 copies.

Koi No Yokan and Cheng's death (2012–2013)

On March 29, 2012, Carpenter revealed that the band were working on a new record in an interview posted on ESP Guitars's YouTube channel.[50] It was reported that Raskulinecz would return to produce their as-yet-unnamed seventh studio album.[51]

It was also reported that the band would be recording several B-sides for the album, including an Elvis Presley cover and possibly an Earth, Wind, and Fire cover.[52] It was later announced that there would be no bonus tracks.[53] On July 28, Deftones performed a brand-new song titled "Rosemary" and also debuted another track titled "Roller Derby" (later retitled "Poltergeist").[54] Koi No Yokan was announced on August 30, 2012,[55] and released on November 12, 2012, by Reprise Records. The Song "Tempest" appeared in the film Furious 7.

On April 13, 2013, despite making a partial recovery and returning home, Cheng died in a hospital in his hometown of Sacramento, after his heart suddenly stopped, nearly four-and-a-half years after the 2008 accident.[56] Moreno announced in May that the album Eros, shelved in 2008 after Cheng's accident, was now more likely to be released following his death.[57]

Gore (2014–present)

In March 2014, while Moreno was touring with his side project Crosses, in support of their self-titled debut album, the rest of Deftones began writing a follow-up to Koi No Yokan.[58] Deftones also previously reported that they intended to record a new album either in late 2014 or early 2015.[59]

On April 13, 2014, the first anniversary of Cheng's death, Deftones released a track from Eros titled "Smile",[60] the first officially released material from the long-shelved album. The video was removed by Warner Bros. Records two days later due to copyright infringement, despite the track having been uploaded by Moreno. Other videos have since surfaced on YouTube.

In late February 2015, just after the band had finished the new album's drum tracks, Moreno told Rolling Stone that he expected to be done tracking the album by the end of March, that Deftones had written 16 songs during the album's sessions and that it would probably be released in September or October. He described the album as "a little more of a heady record" than the previous album.[61] The album was then tentatively scheduled to be released on September 25, 2015.[62] On May 15, 2015, Moreno was interviewed by Kerrang! about the new album, which he described by saying, "The songs have a lot of different moods". He further explained that it was not a "happy record", but also "not a completely angry record".[63]

On August 21, 2015, it was revealed by Moreno in an interview that the new album's release had been pushed back to late November, as final mixes as well as the title, cover and liner notes were still being completed.[64] It was also revealed that Vega utilized a six-string bass when recording the new material, helping to push the band into new sonic territory.[65] On October 26, 2015, Cunningham clarified that the band were still working on mixes, album art and song titles, and the new album would be coming out in the first part of 2016.[66]

On January 22, 2016, during an interview held at the 2016 NAMM Show, Carpenter revealed the release date of the new album to be April 8, 2016.[67] On January 27, the band confirmed the album title as Gore in a video posted on their website. On February 4, the band released the first single from Gore, titled "Prayers/Triangles".[68]

Musical style and influences

Although initially rooted in heavy metal, Deftones have always claimed diverse influences from groups of various genres, with their musical style diversifying over their career.[2] Their sound has been described as alternative metal, art rock, experimental rock, nu metal, post-punk, post-hardcore, dream pop, drone, ambient, atmospheric, shoegaze, post-metal, stoner rock, trip hop, glitch, psychedelic rock, rap metal, space rock and dark pop.[note 1]

Originally, the band was associated with the "nu metal" movement. However, following the release of their third album, White Pony, they were acknowledged by many critics to have moved beyond that label.[91][103][104]

The music critic Johnny Loftus wrote, "Rock critics usually reserve a special place for Deftones above or at least away from the rest of the turn-of-the-century metal movement [....] Deftones have always seemed more curious, more willing to incorporate traditionally revered sounds like D.C. hardcore and dream pop into their Northern California alt-metal".[105]

Moreno's lyrics were described by Time as "suggesting emotions rather than announcing them".[106] Moreno himself described his lyrics as ambiguous and sometimes impersonal, saying: "I like to be ambiguous when writing to a certain extent, and throwing something so brash [as Chi's accident] against that and playing with it. And also making it sound dimensional. Giving the feeling off that it is raw and it is emotional, but it's not just connected with our personal story. It's not merely about our career and our lives, it's bigger than that. When I hear the music, I get inspired to paint the lyrical pictures you describe, but I'm not always talking about myself".[107] The band's legacy has been compared to alternative rock group Radiohead, with some dubbing Deftones "The Radiohead of metal".[88][108]

Side projects

Deftones members have worked on several side projects, such as Carpenter's cinematic electronic metal group Sol Invicto, which he founded with producer Richie Londres. Carpenter has also worked with a group called Kush, featuring members of Fear Factory and Cypress Hill. Other side projects include Moreno's Team Sleep and Crosses, and Cunningham's Phallucy. Delgado is a member of a DJ group called Decibel Devils, with DJ Crook of Team Sleep, DJ Julez and Matt D. Moreno has also made a number of guest appearances on songs by numerous other bands, such as "Bender" by Sevendust, "Paralytic" by Dead Poetic, "Vengeance Is Mine" by Droid, "Caviar" by Dance Gavin Dance, "Surrender Your Sons" by Norma Jean and "Reprogrammed to Hate" by Whitechapel. Moreno and Carpenter also appeared on the song "If I Could" on Tech N9ne's 2011 album All 6's and 7's. In 2000, Cheng released a CD composed of his own spoken word poetry, called The Bamboo Parachute.

In April 2012, it was announced that Moreno had joined Jeff Caxide, Aaron Harris and Clifford Meyer, all former members of the recently disbanded sludge/post-metal group Isis, under the name Palms. Their first album was released in June 2013.[109]

Band members

Current members
Former members
  • Dominic Garcia – bass (1988–1990); drums (1990-1991) [110]
  • John Taylor – drums (1991–1993)[111]
  • Chi Cheng – bass, backing vocals (1990–2008; died 2013)

Timeline

Discography

Main article: Deftones discography
Studio albums

Awards

Year Nominee / work Award Result
2001 "Elite" Best Metal Performance (Grammy Awards) Won[31]
2013 Koi No Yokan Album of the Year (Revolver Golden Gods Awards) Won[112]

Notes

  1. ^ Musical styles:

References

  1. ^ a b c d Interview with Stephen Carpenter, Guitar World, October, 1997.
  2. ^ a b c d e Prato, Greg. "Deftones biography". Allmusic. Retrieved December 14, 2007. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  3. ^ a b c Unknown (December 22, 1997). "Hotstar – Deftones". Pollstar. Retrieved December 16, 2007. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help) [dead link‍]
  4. ^ Interview with Abe Cunningham, Metal Edge, January 2007.
  5. ^ http://www.laweekly.com/music/deftones-perform-fundraiser-for-bassist-chi-cheng-at-avalon-2401322
  6. ^ "Abe wasn't the first drummer". DeftonesWorld - All about the Deftones.
  7. ^ The Rough Guide to Rock, edited by Peter Buckley
  8. ^ a b Deftones [interview], Rolling Stone, 2000.
  9. ^ a b Rolinho, Nuno. "Deftones biography". DEFTONESWORLD.com. Retrieved December 14, 2007.
  10. ^ Bendersky, Ari (October 11, 1997). "Deftones poised for success". Rolling Stone. Retrieved December 14, 2007. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  11. ^ "Heatseekers – Adrenaline". Billboard.com. February 1, 1997. Archived from the original on January 10, 2008. Retrieved December 16, 2007.
  12. ^ Deftones [interview], Guitar World Online – Guitar School, 1997.
  13. ^ a b c d "RIAA Gold and Platinum searchable database". Search for artist "Deftones". RIAA. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
  14. ^ a b Peiken, Matt. Interview with Abe Cunningham, Modern Drummer, 1997.
  15. ^ a b c d Bromley, Adrian. Keeping It Simple, Chart, July, 1998.
  16. ^ Walkling, Dennis. Chillin' with Chino: Deftones get Moody, Circus, June 1998.
  17. ^ Gioffre, Daniel. "Review of Adrenaline". Allmusic. Retrieved April 29, 2007. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  18. ^ Interview with Chino Moreno and Max Cavalera, Metal Hammer, September 1997.
  19. ^ Smith, Matt. Deftones New Album Stays Heavy, Gaston Gazette, 1997.
  20. ^ a b Glover, Adrian Gregory. Deftones: Running on Pure Passion, Circus, May, 1998.
  21. ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Around the Fur – Review". Allmusic. Retrieved December 17, 2007. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  22. ^ "The Billboard 200 – Around the Fur". Billboard.com. June 13, 1998. Archived from the original on January 10, 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2007.
  23. ^ a b c Martins, Todd (May 28, 2003). "Staind, Deftones Rock Billboard Album Chart". Billboard.com. Retrieved December 12, 2007.
  24. ^ David Simutis. "PONY EXPRESS: Sacramento's DEFTONES balance angst and ambience with White Pony". Deftonesworld.com. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
  25. ^ "Billboard.com – Artist Chart History – Deftones: Singles". Billboard.com. Archived from the original on January 10, 2008. Retrieved December 23, 2007. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  26. ^ a b Deftones – Ride On [interview]. Alternative Press, August, 2000.
  27. ^ "White Pony at Metacritic". The album holds a "Generally favorable reviews" score of 73/100. Retrieved December 12, 2007.
  28. ^ Wilson, MacKenzie. "Review of White Pony". Allmusic. Retrieved April 29, 2007. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  29. ^ [1][dead link‍]
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