Ginga (satellite)

ASTRO-C, renamed Ginga (Japanese for 'galaxy'), was an X-ray astronomy satellite launched from the Kagoshima Space Center on 5 February 1987 using M-3SII launch vehicle. The primary instrument for observations was the Large Area Counter (LAC). Ginga was the third Japanese X-ray astronomy mission, following Hakucho and Tenma. Ginga reentered the Earth's atmosphere on 1 November 1991.

Instruments

Large Area Proportional Counter (LAC 1.5-37 keV)
All-Sky Monitor (ASM 1-20 keV)
Gamma-ray Burst Detector (GBD 1.5-500 keV)

Highlights

Discovery of transient Black Hole Candidates and study of their spectral evolution.
Discovery of weak transients in the galactic ridge.
Detection of cyclotron features in 3 X-ray pulsars: 4U1538-522, V0332+53, and Cep X-4.
Evidence for emission and absorption Fe feature in Seyfert probing reprocessing by cold matter.
Discovery of intense 6-7 keV iron line emission from the galactic center region.

External links

NASA/GSFC information of Ginga (ex Astro-C)

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v t e ← 1986 Orbital launches in 1987 1988 →
January	Meteor-2 No.17 Kosmos 1811 Kosmos 1812 Kosmos 1813 Progress 27 Kosmos 1814 Kosmos 1815 Molniya-3 No.42 Kosmos 1816 Kosmos 1817
February	Kosmos 1818 Ginga Soyuz TM-2 Kosmos 1819 USA-21 Kosmos 1820 Kosmos 1821 Momo 1 Kosmos 1822 Kosmos 1823 Kosmos 1824 GOES 7
March	Progress 28 Kosmos 1825 Kosmos 1826 Kosmos 1827, Kosmos 1828, Kosmos 1829, Kosmos 1830, Kosmos 1831, Kosmos 1832 Kosmos 1833 Gran' No.31L Palapa B2P SROSS-A FLTSATCOM-6 Kvant-1
April	Kosmos 1834 Kosmos 1835 Kosmos 1836 Progress 29 Kosmos 1837 Kosmos 1838, Kosmos 1839, Kosmos 1840 Kosmos 1841 Kosmos 1842
May	Kosmos 1843 Gorizont No.23L Kosmos 1844 Kosmos 1845 USA-22, LIPS-3, USA-23, USA-24, USA-25 Polyus Progress 30 Kosmos 1846 Kosmos 1847 Kosmos 1848
June	Kosmos 1849 Kosmos 1850 Kosmos 1851 Kosmos 1852, Kosmos 1853, Kosmos 1854, Kosmos 1855, Kosmos 1856, Kosmos 1857, Kosmos 1858, Kosmos 1859 Resurs-F1 No.105 Kosmos 1860 USA-26 Kosmos 1861
July	Kosmos 1862 Kosmos 1863 Kosmos 1864 Kosmos 1865 Kosmos 1866 Kosmos 1867 Kosmos 1868 Kosmos 1869 Soyuz TM-3 Kosmos 1870
August	Kosmos 1871 Progress 31 Fanhui Shi Weixing 10 Meteor-2 No.21 Kosmos 1872 Kiku No.5 Kosmos 1873
September	Kosmos 1874 Ekran No.29L Kosmos 1875, Kosmos 1876, Kosmos 1877, Kosmos 1878, Kosmos 1879, Kosmos 1880 Fanhui Shi Weixing I-01 Kosmos 1881 Kosmos 1882 Aussat A3, ECS-4 Kosmos 1883, Kosmos 1884, Kosmos 1885 Transit-O 27, Transit-O 29 Kosmos 1886 Progress 32 Kosmos 1887
October	Kosmos 1888 Kosmos 1889 Kosmos 1890 Kosmos 1891 Kosmos 1892 Kosmos 1893 USA-27 Kosmos 1894
November	Kosmos 1895 Kosmos 1896 Progress 33 TV-SAT 1 Kosmos 1897 USA-28
December	Kosmos 1898 Kosmos 1899 Gran' No.32L Kosmos 1900 Kosmos 1901 Kosmos 1902 Soyuz TM-4 Kosmos 1903 Kosmos 1904 Kosmos 1905 Kosmos 1906 Ekran-M No.13L Kosmos 1907
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).