Haplogroup BT

Haplogroup BT
Possible time of origin	70,000-80,000 years BP
Possible place of origin	Africa
Ancestor	A2-T
Descendants	B-M60, CT
Defining mutations	Page65.1/SRY1532.1/SRY10831.1, M42, M91, M94, M139, M299, P97, V21, V29, V31, V59, V64, V102, V187, V202, V216, V235

Haplogroup BT M91 also known as Haplogroup A1b2 (and formerly as A4, BR and BCDEF) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. BT is a subclade of Haplogroup A1b (P108) and a sibling of Haplogroup A1b1 (L419/PF712).

Macrohaplogroup BT has been found in populations on every continent, since prehistoric times. It is the parent of Haplogroups B and CT. Notably, the basal paragroup BT* has only been found in modern populations of Hui people in China http://www.academia.edu/13607628/Этногенез_саларов_дунсянов_баоань_и_дунганов_хуэй_с_точки_зрения_популяционной_генетики_Russian_Journal_of_Genetic_Genealogy._Русская_версия_2011._Том_3._2._С.30-34

Phylogenetics

The ISOGG tree since 2014 has treated M91 as the defining mutation of BT.

• B M60, M181, P85, P90
• CT P9.1, M168, M294

Prior to 2002, there were in academic literature at least seven naming systems for the Y-Chromosome Phylogenetic tree. This led to considerable confusion. In 2002, the major research groups came together and formed the Y-Chromosome Consortium (YCC). They published a joint paper that created a single new tree that all agreed to use.

The revised y-chromosome family tree by Cruciani et al. (2011) compared with the family tree from Karafet et al. (2008). Cruciani et al. (2011) define BT via M91 and P97, and as a consequence, ISOGG has listed BT since February 2012, and treated M91 as defining mutation for BT since 2014.

See also

2