Lithium bromide
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Lithium bromide
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.582 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| LiBr | |
| Molar mass | 86.845(3) g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid hygroscopic |
| Density | 3.464 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 552 °C |
| Boiling point | 1265 °C |
| 145 g/100 mL (4 °C) 166.7 g/100 mL (20 °C) 254 g/100 mL (90 °C) | |
| Solubility | soluble in methanol, ethanol, ether slightly soluble in pyridine |
Refractive index (nD)
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1.784 |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
-4.044 kJ/g |
| Hazards | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | not flammable |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions
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Lithium fluoride Lithium chloride Lithium iodide |
Other cations
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Sodium bromide Potassium bromide Rubidium bromide Caesium bromide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Lithium bromide, or LiBr, is a chemical compound of lithium and bromine. Its extreme hygroscopic character makes LiBr useful as a desiccant in certain air conditioning systems.[1]
Production and properties
LiBr is prepared by treatment of lithium carbonate with hydrobromic acid. The salt forms several crystalline hydrates, unlike the other alkali metal bromides.[2] The anhydrous salt forms cubic crystals similar to common salt.
Uses
Lithium bromide is used in air-conditioning systems as desiccant. Otherwise the salt is useful as a reagent in organic synthesis. For example it reversibly forms adducts with some pharmaceuticals.[1]
Medical applications
Lithium bromide was used as a sedative beginning in the early 1900s, but it fell into disfavor in the 1940s when some heart patients died after using it as a salt substitute.[3] Like lithium carbonate and lithium chloride it was used as treatment for bipolar disorder.
Hazards
Lithium salts are psychoactive and somewhat corrosive.
References
- ^ a b Ulrich Wietelmann, Richard J. Bauer "Lithium and Lithium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2005, Wiley-VCH: Weinheim.
- ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
- ^ Bipolar disorder
External links
- "A PDF file from GFS Chemicals, a supplier of lithium bromide" (PDF). Retrieved 2005-09-15.
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