Maipo (volcano)

Maipo
Maipo
	Maipo volcano in 2008
Highest point
Elevation	5,264 m (17,270 ft)
Coordinates	34°09′39.6″S 69°49′58.8″W / 34.161000°S 69.833000°W
Geography
	Maipo Location on Argentina – Chile border
Location	Argentina – Chile
Parent range	Andes
Geology
Mountain type	Stratovolcano
Last eruption	1912
Climbing
First ascent	1883 by Paul Güssfeldt
Easiest route	snow/ice climb

Maipo is a stratovolcano in the Andes, lying on the border between Argentina and Chile. It is located 90 km (56 mi) south of Tupungato and about 100 km (62 mi) southeast of Santiago.

Maipo retains a symmetrical, conical volcanic shape, and is among the southernmost 5,000 metre peaks in the Andes.^[3]

Maipo is located within the Diamante caldera, a feature of about 15 km by 20 km size that is about one-half million years old. It rises about 1,900 m (6,230 ft) above the floor of the caldera. Immediately to the east of the peak, on the eastern side of the caldera floor, is Laguna del Diamante, a picturesque lake that formed when lava flows blocked drainage channels from the caldera in 1826. The Diamante Caldera erupted 450 cubic kilometers (108 cu mi) of tephra, 450 ka.^[4]

The region's climate is transitional between the drier Mediterranean climate of the peaks to the north and the cold, moist climate of Chilean Patagonia. Hence, while less glaciated than Patagonia, it has more permanent snow (on the wet, Chilean side) than peaks of similar elevation to the north.^[3]

References

^ "Maipo". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2015-01-10.
^ Neate, Jill (1994). "Central Chile". Mountaineering in the Andes (2nd ed.). Expedition Advisory Centre. ISBN 0-907649-64-5.
^ ^a ^b Kelsey, Michael R. (1990). Climbers and Hikers Guide to the World's Mountains (3rd ed.). Kelsey Publishing. ISBN 0-944510-02-7.
^ "Supplementary Table to P.L. Ward, Thin Solid Films (2009) Major volcanic eruptions and provinces" (PDF). Teton Tectonics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-01-20. Retrieved 2010-03-16. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

Notes

^ The given height is supported by SRTM data. Higher elevations given by some other authorities are incorrect.

Sources

Volcan Maipo or Maipú (span.) [1]
"Maipo". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.
Sruoga, P.; Llambías, E.J.; Fauqué, L.; Schonwandt, D.; Repol, D.G. (2005). "Volcanological and geochemical evolution of the Diamante Caldera-Maipo volcano complex in the Southern Andes of Argentina (34°10'S)". J. South American Earth Sci. 19: 399–414.

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[gvp-2] "Maipo". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2015-01-10.

[rgs-3] Neate, Jill (1994). "Central Chile". Mountaineering in the Andes (2nd ed.). Expedition Advisory Centre. ISBN 0-907649-64-5.

[kelsey-4] Kelsey, Michael R. (1990). Climbers and Hikers Guide to the World's Mountains (3rd ed.). Kelsey Publishing. ISBN 0-944510-02-7.

[teton-5] "Supplementary Table to P.L. Ward, Thin Solid Films (2009) Major volcanic eruptions and provinces" (PDF). Teton Tectonics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-01-20. Retrieved 2010-03-16. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[ht-1] The given height is supported by SRTM data. Higher elevations given by some other authorities are incorrect.

[note 1]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

v t e Andean volcanoes
Northern Volcanic Zone (6° N – 3° S)	Paipa-Iza Romeral Cerro Bravo Nevado del Ruiz Nevado del Tolima Nevado del Huila Puracé Doña Juana Galeras Azufral Chiles Cayambe Reventador Pichincha Antisana Aliso Soche Illiniza Cotopaxi Quilotoa Chimborazo Tungurahua Licto volcanic field Sangay
Central Volcanic Zone (14°–27° S)	Quimsachata Auquihuato Firura Sara Sara Solimana Coropuna Hualca Hualca Sabancaya Huambo volcanic field Ampato Andagua volcanic field Chachani Misti Ubinas Pichu Pichu Huaynaputina Ticsani Tutupaca Yucamane Purupuruni Casiri Tacora Taapaca Parinacota Lauca Guallatiri Tata Sabaya Isluga Irruputuncu Olca-Paruma Aucanquilcha‎ Azufre Zapaleri Sairecabur Licancabur Purico complex Pacana Aguas Calientes Lascar Chiliques Aracar Socompa Llullaillaco Lastarria Lazufre Cordón del Azufre Galán Peinado San Francisco Cueros de Purulla Incahuasi Ojos del Salado
Southern Volcanic Zone (33°–46° S)	Tupungato Tupungatito Maipo Calabozos Descabezado Grande Cerro Azul Nevado de Longaví Nevados de Chillán Antuco Copahue Callaqui Lonquimay Llaima Sollipulli Villarrica Quetrupillán Lanín Mocho-Choshuenco Carrán-Los Venados Puyehue-Cordón Caulle Casablanca Osorno Calbuco Hornopirén Huequi Michinmahuida Chaitén Corcovado Mentolat Cay Macá Mate Grande Hudson
Austral Volcanic Zone (49°–55° S)	Lautaro Viedma Aguilera Reclus Burney Fueguino
Note: volcanoes are ordered by latitude from north to south

See also

References