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Music of The Lord of the Rings film series

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The music of The Lord of the Rings film series was composed, orchestrated, conducted and produced by Howard Shore. Shore wrote many hours of music for The Lord of the Rings, 10 hours of which have been released in the Complete Recordings CD/DVD boxed sets. Additional music, including alternate and unused compositions, was released with the book The Music of the Lord of the Rings films in 2010. Shore composed the music in an emotional, operatic way, threading through the scores over 90 identified leitmotifs, which are categorized by the Middle-earth cultures to which they relate.[1] Shore began his work on the music for The Fellowship of the Ring in late 2000 and recorded the first pieces of music (the Moria sequence) in spring of 2001. Additional music for the extended DVD version was recorded in March 2002. A similar pattern was followed for The Two Towers and The Return of the King, with the final sessions taking place in Watford on March 20, 2004.

The music was performed primarily by the London Philharmonic Orchestra and the London Voices, with the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra contributing some of the early Moria music. A wide variety of instrumental and vocal soloists, including members of the films' cast, contributed to the scores as well.

The scores for The Fellowship of the Ring and The Return of the King won Academy Awards in 2002 and 2004. The latter film also won an Oscar statuette for Best Song, as well as the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score and Best Original Song. Shore's music for The Lord of the Rings has become the most successful composition of his career and one of the most popular motion picture scores in history.

Principal leitmotifs

First appearance in The Fellowship of the Ring

  • "The History of the Ring": a minor-key string melody plays over the Lord of the Rings title card for all three films. Shore hints in the production commentary for the film that it is a theme pertaining, in fact, to Gondor.
  • "The Seduction of the Ring": sung by the boy choir
  • "The Shire and the Hobbits", also known as "Concerning Hobbits": the theme for the Shire. On the soundtrack, it starts with a solo tin whistle, followed by a solo fiddle and then the complete orchestra repeating the same phrase. The track then quietens down and the solo tin whistle plays a second melody, again followed by the orchestra. The track ends with the violin and then the tin whistle repeating the first theme. There are four settings:
    • "The Rural Setting": usually heard only in the Shire
    • "The Pensive Setting": a reflective version of the theme
    • "The Hymn Setting": first heard when Frodo and Sam set out
    • "A Hobbit's Understanding": used when the Hobbits come to understand the hardships and struggles of their journey
  • "The Black Rider": a dark piece which features almost all flats.
  • Middle-earth motif
  • Isengard: usually accompanied by a 5/4 rhythm in the percussion.
  • Rivendell: a theme formed by a series of arpeggios, usually in strings and often with choral accompaniment.
  • Lothlórien: a soft, ethereal chorus accompanied by cellos. A more hard-edged, brass-driven version of the theme appears in the second film during the battle of Helm's Deep.
  • Nazgûl motif
  • "The Evil of the Ring": played on the rhaita, associated with Sauron and Mordor.
  • "The Fellowship" theme: a heroic, sweeping piece using principally brass and orchestra. It is heard in various versions during the first film, but after "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm," the last time that the entire Fellowship is together, it can only be heard infrequently and sparingly throughout the next two films until the remainder of The Fellowship charge the Black Gate "For Frodo".

First appearance in The Two Towers

  • "Gollum's Menace": featuring the cimbalom.
  • Éowyn's theme: using open fifth intervals (lacking the third of the chord – this means that the chords cannot be defined as major or minor).
  • "The Rohan Fanfare": featuring the hardanger fiddle.
  • "Evenstar": a slow, serene piece.
  • "The White Rider in Nature": A sweeping, full-orchestra crescendo with heavy strings.
  • Nature's Reclamation (commonly referred to by fans as the Nature theme), played during the "The Last March of the Ents" part of the movie. The theme was first heard while Gandalf was trapped in Isengard when a moth serving as a messenger for the Eagles arrived at the pinnacle of Orthanc; the moth and the Eagles represent nature here as well. A more heroic and robust brass version is heard in the third film when the Rohirrim leave Edoras for Dunharrow and also during Théoden's "Ride now!" speech before the Rohirrim charge at Pelennor Fields.

First appearance in The Return of the King

  • Realm of Gondor Theme: the basic version of this was established during the Council of Elrond in the The Fellowship of the Ring, and also existed in the Extended Edition of The Two Towers DVD. It occurs in several variants, including Realm of Gondor in Decline and Realm of Gondor in Ascension.
  • Minas Tirith/Silver Trumpets Theme: the basic version of this was established during a scene with Aragorn and Boromir in Lothlórien in The Fellowship of the Ring.
  • Flute solo by Sir James Galway.
  • Mithrandir/Grey Havens theme: featured in "Into the West" by Annie Lennox.

Instrumentation

Howard Shore made use of a large orchestra using the following instruments:

Use of Tolkien languages

The film score for The Lord of the Rings incorporates extensive vocal music blended with the orchestral arrangements. The great majority of the lyrics used are in the invented languages of Middle-earth, representing the various cultures and races in Tolkien's writings. These languages include Quenya and Sindarin associated with Elves, Adûnaic and Rohirric for Men, and Khuzdul of the Dwarves. Some of these languages had been developed extensively by Tolkien, while others were extrapolated by linguist David Salo based on the limited examples of vocabulary and linguistic style available. (Old English was used as an analog for Rohirric.) The lyrical texts were derived from several sources, including songs and poems written by Tolkien, as well as original and adapted material from screenwriters Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens, and others, all translated by Salo.[2] The vocal music serves primarily to give texture and cultural aesthetic to the score; there is never any translation of the lyrics in the on-screen presentation, and in many cases only fragments of the source texts are used.

Songs

  • "Aníron" (The Fellowship of the Ring) performed and composed by Enya
  • "May It Be" (The Fellowship of the Ring) performed and composed by Enya: nominated for the Academy Award for Best Song in 2001.
  • "In Dreams" (The Fellowship of the Ring) performed by Edward Ross
  • "Gollum's Song" (The Two Towers) performed by Emilíana Torrini is musically related to Gollum's Pity Theme. The lyrics are by Fran Walsh. The song was to have been performed by Björk, whose name actually appeared in the closing credits of the film as shown in theaters; Björk had to decline because of her pregnancy, however, and Torrini was credited in the DVD. This track is also titled "Long Ways to Go Yet," in The Complete Recordings. This version of the track includes additional instrumental music at the end, making it a medley of themes to cap off the album. Artist Geoff Keezer has released a jazz piano version of the song. Unrelated to the song of the same name in the book.
  • "The Edge of Night" (The Return of the King) performed by Billy Boyd
  • "The Return of The King" (The Return of The King) performed by Viggo Mortensen
  • "Into the West" (The Return of the King) performed by Annie Lennox: won the Academy Award for Best Song in 2004.

Deleted tracks

There exist several pieces of music written by Howard Shore that never made it into the final cut of the film trilogy or any existing soundtrack. Among these are various pieces written for battles throughout the film. There was also a special musical arrangement written for the trailer for The Return of the King, which primarily consisted of principal leitmotifs along with movie trailer-like music. Additionally, there was a song entitled "Use Well the Days" sung by Annie Lennox. The song can be found on a supplementary DVD included with the Return of the King soundtrack in some packages released in 2003.

Soloists

For the three films Shore worked with many vocal and instrumental soloists.

Vocal

Cast performers

Instrumental

Original soundtracks

Recordings of the score were originally issued on single-disc albums, that closely followed the theatrical release dates of the films. All soundtrack albums of the trilogy have been released through Reprise Records, Enya's label at that time of the first soundtrack's release. While the cover art for The Fellowship of the Ring uses an original compilation of film characters, the covers for The Two Towers and The Return of the King reflect the respective film posters.

List of original soundtracks, with selected chart positions and certifications
Title Album details Peak chart positions Certifications
US
[3] 		US
Soundtracks
[3] 		AUS
[4] 		AUT
[5] 		FIN
[6] 		GER
[7] 		NLD
[8] 		NZL
[9] 		SWI
[10] 		UK
[11]
The Fellowship of the Ring 29 2 8 2 2 3 7 21 8 10
The Two Towers 43 2 31 11 3 8 20 — 14 28
The Return of the King 36 2 33 5 5 10 19 9 8 34
"—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory.

The Complete Recordings

Starting in 2005, a year after the extended release of The Return of the King, Reprise Records began to release one multi-disc set for each part of the trilogy. These annually published collections, titled The Complete Recordings, contain the entire score for the extended versions of the films on CD, along with an additional DVD-Audio disc that offers 2.0 stereo and 5.1 surround mixes of the soundtrack. Each album also comes with extensive liner notes by music journalist Doug Adams which reviews all of the tracks and provides information about the process of composing and recording the score, as well as a detailed list of all musical instruments, people and organizations involved. These Annotated Scores have been made freely available by New Line on the promotional website for the soundtracks (see below). The cover artwork uses common elements for the three albums like the film series' logo and an inscription in Tolkien's tengwar letters. The background of each album cover differs though in that it shows an aspect from the map of Middle-earth drawn by Tolkien that fits the title of the release and the location of the plot: The Fellowship of the Ring depicts the The Shire, Rhudaur and Eregion in dark red, the cover for The Two Towers shows Rohan and Fangorn in dark blue while The Return of the King shows a map of Gondor in dark green.

The Fellowship of the Ring

Untitled

The Complete Recordings for The Fellowship of the Ring span just over three hours of music on three CDs. The set was released on December 13, 2005.

Track listing
Disc one
No.TitleLength
1."Prologue: One Ring to Rule Them All"7:16
2."The Shire"2:29
3."Bag End" (feat. "The Road Goes Ever On And On...", performed by Ian McKellen)4:35
4."Very Old Friends"3:12
5."Flaming Red Hair"2:39
6."Farewell Dear Bilbo"1:45
7."Keep It Secret, Keep It Safe" (feat. "The Road Goes Ever On And On...", performed by Ian Holm; feat. Billy Boyd and Dominic Monaghan)8:54
8."A Conspiracy Unmasked"6:09
9."Three Is Company"1:58
10."The Passing of the Elves"2:39
11."Saruman the White"4:09
12."A Shortcut to Mushrooms"4:07
13."Strider"2:34
14."The Nazgûl" (feat. "The Song of Beren and Lúthien", performed by Viggo Mortensen)6:04
Total length:58:30
Disc two
No.TitleLength
1."Weathertop"2:14
2."The Caverns of Isengard"4:54
3."Give Up the Halfling"4:49
4."Orthanc"1:06
5."Rivendell"3:26
6."The Sword That Was Broken"3:34
7."The Council of Elrond Assembles" (feat. "Aníron (Theme for Aragorn and Arwen)", composed & performed by Enya)4:01
8."The Great Eye"5:30
9."Gilraen's Memorial"5:01
10."The Pass of Caradhras"5:04
11."The Doors of Durin"6:03
12."Moria"2:27
13."Gollum"2:26
14."Balin's Tomb"8:30
Total length:59:05
Disc three
No.TitleLength
1."Khazad-dûm"8:00
2."Caras Galadhon" (feat. "Lament for Gandalf", performed by Elizabeth Fraser)9:20
3."The Mirror of Galadriel"6:21
4."The Fighting Uruk-hai"11:32
5."Parth Galen"9:13
6."The Departure of Boromir"5:29
7."The Road Goes Ever On... (Part 1)"5:58
8."May It Be" (composed & performed by Enya)3:26
9."The Road Goes Ever On... (Part 2)" (feat. "In Dreams", performed by Edward Ross)3:41
Total length:63:01

The Two Towers

Untitled

The Complete Recordings for The Two Towers span over three hours of music on three CDs. The set was released on November 7, 2006.

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Allmusic[18]
ScoreNotesA[19]
Track listing
Disc one
No.TitleLength
1."Glamdring"3:50
2."Elven Rope"2:19
3."Lost in Emyn Muil"4:15
4."My Precious"2:56
5."Uglúk's Warriors"1:41
6."The Three Hunters"6:12
7."The Banishment of Éomer"3:55
8."Night Camp"2:50
9."The Plains of Rohan"4:15
10."Fangorn"5:13
11."The Dead Marshes"5:08
12."Wraiths on Wings"2:08
13."Gandalf the White"6:48
14."The Dreams of Trees"1:55
15."The Heir of Númenor"6:51
16."Ent-draught"2:54
Total length:63:02
Disc two
No.TitleLength
1."Edoras"4:34
2."The Court of Meduseld"3:11
3."Théoden King" (feat. "The Funeral of Théodred", performed by Miranda Otto)6:12
4."The King's Decision"2:08
5."Exodus from Edoras"5:43
6."The Forests of Ithilien"6:38
7."One of the Dúnedain" (feat. "Evenstar", performed by Isabel Bayrakdarian)7:13
8."The Wolves of Isengard"4:22
9."Refuge at Helm's Deep"4:00
10."The Voice of Saruman"1:12
11."Arwen's Fate" (feat. "The Grace of the Valar", performed by Sheila Chandra)3:59
12."The Story Foretold"3:39
13."Sons of the Steward"6:03
14."Rock and Pool"2:55
15."Faramir's Good Council"2:21
Total length:63:59
Disc three
No.TitleLength
1."Aragorn's Return"2:12
2."War Is Upon Us"3:36
3."Where Is the Horse and the Rider?"6:16
4."The Host of the Eldar"2:51
5."The Battle of the Hornburg"2:53
6."The Breach of the Deeping Wall"3:03
7."The Entmoot Decides"2:06
8."Retreat" (feat. "Haldir's Lament", performed by Elizabeth Fraser)4:41
9."Master Peregrin's Plan"2:32
10."The Last March of the Ents" (feat. Ben Del Maestro)2:31
11."The Nazgûl Attack"2:45
12."Théoden Rides Forth" (feat. Ben Del Maestro)5:48
13."The Tales That Really Matter"12:01
14."Long Ways to Go Yet" (feat. "Gollum's Song", performed by Emilíana Torrini)8:06
Total length:61:12

The Return of the King

Untitled

The Complete Recordings for The Return of the King span almost three hours and fifty minutes on four CDs. The accompanying DVD-audio disc is double-sided to accommodate all of the material. The set was released on November 20, 2007 and is currently the only of the three to be available for digital download.

Track listing
Disc one
No.TitleLength
1."Roots and Beginnings"6:31
2."Journey to the Crossroads"2:17
3."The Road to Isengard"2:18
4."The Foot of Orthanc"4:45
5."Return to Edoras"1:51
6."The Chalice Passed"1:51
7."The Green Dragon" (feat. Billy Boyd and Dominic Monaghan)0:35
8."Gollum's Villainy"2:10
9."Éowyn's Dream"1:24
10."The Palantír"3:10
11."Flight from Edoras"2:19
12."The Grace of Undómiel" (feat. Renée Fleming)6:21
13."The Eyes of the White Tower"4:33
14."A Coronal of Silver and Gold"8:27
15."The Lighting of the Beacons"9:03
Total length:57:32
Disc two
No.TitleLength
1."Osgiliath Invaded" (feat. Ben Del Maestro)8:48
2."The Stairs of Cirith Ungol"2:41
3."Allegiance to Denethor"3:20
4."The Sacrifice of Faramir" (feat. "The Edge of Night", performed by Billy Boyd)4:09
5."The Parting of Sam and Frodo"4:04
6."Marshalling at Dunharrow"4:57
7."Andúril - Flame of the West"3:28
8."The Passing of the Grey Company"4:12
9."Dwimorberg - The Haunted Mountain"2:26
10."Master Meriadoc, Swordthain"1:40
11."The Paths of the Dead"6:22
12."The Siege of Gondor"9:01
13."Shelob's Lair"8:53
14."Merry's Simple Courage"2:09
Total length:66:03
Disc three
No.TitleLength
1."Grond - The Hammer of the Underworld"1:33
2."Shelob the Great"5:13
3."The Tomb of the Stewards"3:58
4."The Battle of the Pelennor Fields"4:10
5."The Pyre of Denethor"2:59
6."The Mûmakil"0:57
7."Dernhelm in Battle"2:06
8."A Far Green Country"1:28
9."Shieldmaiden of Rohan"5:07
10."The Passing of Théoden"2:16
11."The Houses of Healing" (feat. Liv Tyler)2:58
12."The Tower of Cirith Ungol"4:41
13."The Last Debate" (feat. "Asëa Aranion", performed by Sissel)4:21
14."The Land of Shadow"6:29
15."The Mouth of Sauron" (feat. Sir James Galway)8:16
16."For Frodo" (feat. Ben Del Maestro)3:17
Total length:59:44
Disc four
No.TitleLength
1."Mount Doom" (feat. Renée Fleming)4:09
2."The Crack of Doom"4:02
3."The Eagles" (feat. Renée Fleming)2:24
4."The Fellowship Reunited" (feat. Sir James Galway, Viggo Mortensen, and Renée Fleming)12:18
5."The Journey to the Grey Havens" (feat. Sir James Galway)7:35
6."Elanor" (feat. Sir James Galway)1:28
7."Days of the Ring" (feat. "Into the West", performed by Annie Lennox)11:10
8."Bilbo's Song"2:58
Total length:45:58

The Music of the Lord of the Rings Films

The Music of the Lord of the Rings Films (ISBN 978-0-7390-7157-1) is a book which was written by Doug Adams and released on October 5, 2010. The book contains a detailed look at the themes and leitmotifs in the films' music.[20] It also contains snippets of sheet music and illustrations. The book was released with a companion CD, The Rarities Archive. The CD has 21 tracks of previously unreleased music created for the films, as well as an audio interview with Howard Shore.

The Rarities Archive

Untitled
Track listing
No.TitleLength
1."Prologue: One Ring to Rule Them All (Alternate)"5:56
2."The Shire/The Hobbits (Mock-up)"2:00
3."Out From Bree (Theatrical Version & Alternate)"4:04
4."Flight to the Ford (Alternate)"4:04
5."Moria (Mock-up)"1:44
6."The Fighting Uruk-hai (Alternate)"1:47
7."The Argonath (Alternate)"2:18
8."Gwenwin in în ("Arwen's Song" Alternate/Mock-up)"2:02
9."Arwen's Song (Complete)"2:11
10."Emyn Muil (Alternate)"3:23
11."The Rohan Fanfare (Mock-up)"3:09
12."The Eaves of Fangorn (Alternate)"5:25
13."The Ent Theme (Mock-up)"2:00
14."The Return of the King Trailer"2:34
15."The Gondor Theme (Mock-up)"2:18
16."The Muster of Rohan (Alternate)"6:43
17."The Siege of Gondor (Alternate)"3:13
18."Shieldmaiden of Rohan (Theatrical Version)"2:00
19."Sammath Naur (Alternate)"8:51
20."Frodo's Song ("Into the West" Alternate/Mock-up)"2:23
21."Elanor (Alternate)"1:30
22."In Conversation (Audio Interview Part 1)"5:05
23."In Conversation (Audio Interview Part 2)"4:27

Awards

The scores and soundtrack albums of the film trilogy have won several awards:

The Fellowship of the Ring
Preceded by Academy Award for Best Original Score
2001 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album
2001 		Succeeded by
Preceded by World Soundtrack Award for Best Original Soundtrack
2002 		Succeeded by
The Two Towers
Preceded by Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album
2002 		Succeeded by
The Return of the King
Preceded by Academy Award for Best Original Score
2003 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
"Lose Yourself" from 8 Mile
 Academy Award for Best Original Song
2003
with "Into the West" by Annie Lennox 		Succeeded by
"Al Otro Lado del Río" from The Motorcycle Diaries
Preceded by Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score
2003 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album
2003 		Succeeded by

Symphony

Untitled

Following the theatrical release of all three films, Howard Shore reworked the film scores of the trilogy into The Lord of the Rings Symphony, a more structured six-movement work for orchestra and choir. This has been performed in various concert halls around the world, accompanied by a light and visual art show by Alan Lee and John Howe. A DVD titled Howard Shore: Creating the Lord of the Rings Symphony—a composer's journey through Middle Earth has been released. The 50-minute long DVD features extensive excerpts of the concert given by Shore and the Montreal Orchestra and Grand Choir at the "Montreal en Lumiere" Festival, interspersed with spoken commentary by Shore, who recounts his approach in composing the music for the three films and then reworking it into the LOTR symphony.

On September 13, 2011, Shore released "The Lord of the Rings Symphony" on CD and MP3 format. The double-album was recorded in Lucerne, Switzerland and performed by the 21st Century Symphony Orchestra & Chorus under the direction of Ludwig Wicki.

Track listing
  1. "Movement 1" - 11:25
  2. "Movement 2" - 34:04
  3. "Movement 3" - 18:15
  4. "Movement 4" - 10:28
  5. "Movement 5" - 15:26
  6. "Movement 6" - 26:13

Live to Projection

Live to Projection was a series where The Lord of the Rings films (which only had dialogue and sound effects) were projected while the music is performed live in sync with the films. It was conducted by Ludwig Wicki and Erik Eino Ochsner[21] and was performed around the world, including Switzerland, Australia and the United States.[22]

See also

Template:Wikipedia books

Notes

  1. ^ Adams, Doug. The Music of The Lord of the Rings Films. Carpentier, 2010, p. 11.
  2. ^ Adams, pp 2-4.
  3. ^ a b Peak Billboard chart positions:
  4. ^ "Discography Howard Shore". australian-charts.com. Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 January 2014. {{cite web}}: templatestyles stripmarker in |work= at position 1 (help)
  5. ^ "Discographie Howard Shore". austriancharts.at (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 January 2014. {{cite web}}: templatestyles stripmarker in |work= at position 1 (help)
  6. ^ "Discography Howard Shore". finnishcharts.com. Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 January 2014. {{cite web}}: templatestyles stripmarker in |work= at position 1 (help)
  7. ^ "Discographie – Howard Shore". charts.de (in German). Media Control Charts. Retrieved 4 January 2014. {{cite web}}: templatestyles stripmarker in |work= at position 1 (help)
  8. ^ "Discografie Howard Shore". dutchcharts.nl (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 January 2014. {{cite web}}: templatestyles stripmarker in |work= at position 1 (help)
  9. ^ "Discography Howard Shore". charts.org.nz. Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 January 2014. {{cite web}}: templatestyles stripmarker in |work= at position 1 (help)
  10. ^ "Discography Howard Shore". swisscharts.com. Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 January 2014. {{cite web}}: templatestyles stripmarker in |work= at position 1 (help)
  11. ^ "Howard Shore" (select "Albums" tab). Official Charts Company. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  12. ^ a b c "American certifications – Lord of the Rings". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  13. ^ "Ultratop − Goud en Platina – 2003". Ultratop. Hung Medien. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  14. ^ a b c "Certified Awards Search" (To access, enter the search parameter "The Lord of the Rings" and select "Search by Title"). British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  15. ^ "Soundtrack" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  16. ^ "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards ('The Lord of the Rings')". IFPI Switzerland. Hung Medien. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  17. ^ a b "Canadian certifications – Lord of the Rings". Music Canada. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  18. ^ Ruhlmann, William. "The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers -- The Complete Recordings - Howard Shore". Allmusic. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  19. ^ "The Two Towers by Howard Shore". ScoreNotes. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
  20. ^ Burlingame, Jon (October 7, 2010). "New book explores 'Lord of the Rings' music". Variety. Retrieved 8 October 2010.
  21. ^ "Erik Eino Ochsner to Conduct Lord of the Rings Performance". Wallstreet Online. 11 March 2011. Retrieved 8 May 2011. [dead link]
  22. ^ Morgan, David (October 6, 2010). "Middle Earth Returns to Radio City". CBS News. Retrieved 8 October 2010.

References

  • Adams, Doug (2010). The Music of The Lord of the Rings Films. Carpentier.

Warning: Display title "Music of <i>The Lord of the Rings</i> film series" overrides earlier display title "<i>Music of The Lord of the Rings film series</i>" (help).

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