New York's 9th congressional district

New York's 9th congressional district
New York's 9th congressional district
	New York 's 9th congressional district – since January 3, 2013.
Representative	Yvette Clarke; D–Brooklyn
Ethnicity	49.5% Black; 28.22% White; 12.02% Hispanic; 6.9% Asian; 3.2% other; 0.16% Native American;
Cook PVI	D+34

New York's 9th Congressional District is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York City, represented by Yvette Clarke.

The district is located entirely within Brooklyn. It includes the neighborhoods of Brownsville, Crown Heights, East Flatbush, Flatbush, Kensington, Park Slope, Prospect Heights, Midwood, Sheepshead Bay, Marine Park, Gerritsen Beach and Prospect Lefferts Gardens. Prospect Park, Grand Army Plaza and the Grand Army Plaza Greenmarket, the worldwide headquarters of the Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidic community and the Brooklyn Children's Museum are located within this district, as well as, in the Prospect Heights neighborhood, the Brooklyn Museum of Art, the Brooklyn Botanic Garden, the Central Library, or main branch, of the Brooklyn Public Library, and the Kurdish Library and Museum.

Prior to 2013, the district consisted primarily of middle-class white neighborhoods, including large Jewish, Italian, Irish, and Russian populations, in southern Brooklyn and south central Queens. Before redistricting, the Queens Tribune found that the district increasingly swung Republican following the September 11 attacks in 2001, when many police and firefighters were lost from the Rockaways.^[2] Its rightward shift was also attributed to the increasing tendency of Orthodox Jews to vote for Republicans.^[3] Its representation in Congress was reliably Democratic for decades, electing prominent liberals such as Chuck Schumer and Anthony Weiner and, prior to that, Emanuel Celler and Elizabeth Holtzman (when the district was differently numbered). Anthony D. Weiner was Congressman from 1999 until he resigned on June 21, 2011. Republican Bob Turner succeeded Weiner after winning the special election on September 13, 2011. However, the previous 9th District was eliminated after New York lost two districts in 2010 redistricting, and its territory was divided among several neighboring districts.

After redistricting, Yvette Clarke now represents the district. The district is majority African-American and includes most of the territory previously within the 11th District. It includes significant portions of Midwood, Brooklyn, however, that were previously within the 9th.

In the 1980s, the district was based in Astoria and surrounding neighborhoods in Queens. This iteration of the district gained national attention in 1984 when 9th District Rep. Geraldine Ferraro became the vice presidential candidate of the Democratic Party.

Voting

Election results from presidential races (current lines)
Year	Office	Results
2008	President	Obama 84 – 15%
2012	President	Obama 85 – 14%
2016	President	Clinton 84 – 14%

Election results from presidential races (old lines)
Year	Office	Results
1992	President	Clinton 59 – 32%
1996	President	Clinton 66 – 27%
2000	President	Gore 67 – 30%
2004	President	Kerry 56 – 44%
2008	President	Obama 55 – 44%

Components: past and present

The 9th was historically a Queens district.^{[citation needed]} Part of the old 9th became the 7th District in the 1992 redistricting when the present 9th absorbed much of the old 10th District based in Brooklyn.^{[citation needed]}

1797–1803: Montgomery County
1803–1809: [data missing]
1809–1913: Montgomery County
1913–1945: Parts of Brooklyn, Queens
1945–1963: Parts of Brooklyn
1963–1993: Parts of Queens
1993–2013: Parts of Brooklyn, Queens
2013–present: Parts of Brooklyn

List of representatives

Representative	Party	Years	Electoral history
District created		1793
James Gordon	Pro- Administration	March 4, 1793 – March 3, 1795	Redistricted from 6th district.
John Williams	Democratic- Republican^[4]	March 4, 1795 – March 3, 1797	First elected in December 1794. Redistricted to the 7th district, and lost re-election.
John Williams	Federalist^[5]^[6]	March 4, 1797 – March 3, 1799
Jonas Platt	Federalist	March 4, 1799 – March 3, 1801	Retired.
Benjamin Walker	Federalist	March 4, 1801 – March 3, 1803	Retired.
Killian K. Van Rensselaer	Federalist	March 4, 1803 – March 3, 1809	Redistricted from 8th district. Redistricted to 7th district.
Thomas Sammons	Federalist^[7]	March 4, 1809 – March 3, 1811	Not a candidate for reelection in 1812.
Thomas Sammons	Democratic- Republican^[8]	March 4, 1811 – March 3, 1813	Not a candidate for reelection in 1812.
John Lovett	Federalist	March 4, 1813 – March 3, 1817	Not a candidate for reelection in 1816.
Rensselaer Westerlo	Federalist	March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1819	Retired.
Solomon Van Rensselaer	Federalist	March 4, 1819 – January 14, 1822	Resigned to become postmaster of Albany.
Vacant		January 14, 1822 – March 12, 1822
Stephen Van Rensselaer	Federalist	March 12, 1822 – March 3, 1823	Elected to finish his cousin's term. Redistricted to 10th district.
James L. Hogeboom	Crawford Republican	March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825	Not a candidate for reelection in 1824.
William McManus	Adams	March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1827	Lost re-election.
John D. Dickinson	Adams	March 4, 1827 – March 3, 1829	Lost re-election.
John D. Dickinson	Anti- Jacksonian	March 4, 1829 – March 3, 1831	Lost re-election.
Job Pierson	Jacksonian	March 4, 1831 – March 3, 1835	Lost re-election.
Hiram P. Hunt	Anti- Jacksonian	March 4, 1835 – March 3, 1837	Lost re-election.
Henry Vail	Democratic	March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1839	Lost re-election.
Hiram P. Hunt	Whig	March 4, 1839 – March 3, 1843	Lost re-election.
James G. Clinton	Democratic	March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845	Redistricted from 6th district.
Archibald C. Niven	Democratic	March 4, 1845 – March 3, 1847	Not a candidate for reelection in 1846.
Daniel B. St. John	Whig	March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1849	Not a candidate for reelection in 1848.
Thomas McKissock	Whig	March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1851	Lost re-election.
William Murray	Democratic	March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853	Redistricted to 10th district.
Jared V. Peck	Democratic	March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855	Retired.
Bayard Clarke	Opposition	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857	Declined renomination as a Republican in 1856.
John B. Haskin	Democratic	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859	Not a candidate for reelection in 1860.
John B. Haskin	Anti-Lecompton Democratic	March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1861	Not a candidate for reelection in 1860.
Edward Haight	Democratic	March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863	Lost re-election.
Anson Herrick	Democratic	March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1865	Lost re-election.
William A. Darling	Republican	March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1867	Lost re-election.
Fernando Wood	Democratic	March 4, 1867 – March 3, 1873	Redistricted to 10th district.
David B. Mellish	Republican	March 4, 1873 – May 23, 1874	Died.
Vacant		May 23, 1874 – December 7, 1874
Richard Schell	Democratic	December 7, 1874 – March 3, 1875	Elected to finish Mellish's term. Retired.
Fernando Wood	Democratic	March 4, 1875 – February 14, 1881	Redistricted from 10th district. Died.
Vacant		February 14, 1881 – December 5, 1881
John Hardy	Democratic	December 5, 1881 – March 3, 1885	Elected to finish Wood's term. Lost renomination.
Joseph Pulitzer	Democratic	March 4, 1885 – April 10, 1886	Resigned.
Vacant		April 10, 1886 – November 2, 1886
Samuel S. Cox	Democratic	November 2, 1886 – September 10, 1889	Elected to finish Pulitzer's term. Died.
Vacant		September 10, 1889 – November 5, 1889
Amos J. Cummings	Democratic	November 5, 1889 – March 3, 1893	Elected to finish Cox's term. Redistricted to 11th district.
Timothy J. Campbell	Democratic	March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1895	Redistricted from 8th district.
Henry C. Miner	Democratic	March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1897	Retired.
Thomas J. Bradley	Democratic	March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1901	Retired.
Henry M. Goldfogle	Democratic	March 4, 1901 – March 3, 1913	Redistricted to 12th district.
James H. O'Brien	Democratic	March 4, 1913 – March 3, 1915	Lost re-election.
Oscar W. Swift	Republican	March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1919	Lost re-election.
David J. O'Connell	Democratic	March 4, 1919 – March 3, 1921	Lost re-election.
Andrew Petersen	Republican	March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923	Lost re-election.
David J. O'Connell	Democratic	March 4, 1923 – December 29, 1930	Died.
Vacant		December 29, 1930 – February 17, 1931
Stephen A. Rudd	Democratic	February 17, 1931 – March 31, 1936	Elected to finish O'Connell's term. Died.
Vacant		March 31, 1936 – January 3, 1937
Eugene J. Keogh	Democratic	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1963	Redistricted to 11th district.
James J. Delaney	Democratic	January 3, 1963 – December 31, 1978	Redistricted from 7th district. Resigned.
Vacant		January 1, 1979 – January 3, 1979
Geraldine Ferraro	Democratic	January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1985	First elected in 1978. Retired to run for U.S. Vice President.
Thomas J. Manton	Democratic	January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1993	First elected in 1984. Redistricted to 7th district.
Chuck Schumer	Democratic	January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1999	Redistricted from 10th district. Retired to run for U.S. Senate.
Anthony Weiner	Democratic	January 3, 1999 – June 21, 2011	First elected in 1998. Resigned.^[9]
Vacant		June 21, 2011 – September 13, 2011
Robert Turner	Republican	September 13, 2011 – January 3, 2013	Elected to finish Weiner's term. Retired to run for U.S. Senate.
Yvette Clarke	Democratic	January 3, 2013 – Present	Redistricted from 11th district.

Recent election results

In New York elections, there are minor parties. Certain parties will invariably endorse either the Republican or Democratic candidate for every office, hence the state electoral results contain both the party votes, and the final candidate votes (Listed as "Recap").

[data missing]

US House election, 1870: New York District 9^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Fernando Wood	15,620	64.8
	Young Democrat and Republican	William S. Hillyer	4,789	19.8
	Republican	Morris Ellinger	3,707	15.4
Majority			10,831	45.0
Turnout			24,116	100

[data missing]

US House election, 1984: New York District 9
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Thomas J. Manton	71,420	52.8
	Republican	Serphin R. Maltese	63,910	47.2
Majority			7,510	5.6
Turnout			135,330	100

US House election, 1996: New York District 9
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Charles E. Schumer	107,107	74.8
	Republican	Robert J. Verga	30,488	21.3
	Conservative	Michael Mossa	5,618	3.9
Majority			76,619	53.5
Turnout			143,213	100

US House election, 1998: New York District 9
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Anthony D. Weiner	69,439	66.4	−8.4
	Republican	Louis Telano	24,486	23.4	+2.1
	Liberal	Melinda Katz	5,698	5.5	+5.5
	Conservative	Arthur J. Smith	4,899	4.7	+0.8
Majority			44,953	43.0	−10.5
Turnout			104,522	100	−27.0

US House election, 2000: New York District 9
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Anthony D. Weiner	98,983	68.4	+2.0
	Republican	Noach Dear	45,649	31.6	+8.2
Majority			53,334	36.9	−6.1
Turnout			144,632	100	+38.4

US House election, 2002: New York District 9
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Anthony D. Weiner	60,737	65.7	−2.7
	Republican	Alfred F. Donohue	31,698	34.3	+2.7
Majority			29,039	31.4	−5.5
Turnout			92,435	100	−36.1

US House election, 2004: New York District 9
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Anthony D. Weiner	113,025	71.3	+5.6
	Republican	Gerard J. Cronin	45,451	28.7	−5.6
Majority			67,574	42.6	+11.2
Turnout			158,476	100	+71.4

US House election, 2006: New York District 9
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Anthony D. Weiner	71,762	100	+28.7
Majority			71,762	100	+57.4
Turnout			71,762	100	−54.7

US House election, 2008: New York District 9
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Anthony D. Weiner	112,205	93.1	−6.9
	Conservative	Alfred F. Donohue	8,378	6.9	+6.9
Majority			103,827	86.2	−13.8
Turnout			120,583	100	+68.0

US House election, 2010: New York District 9
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Anthony D. Weiner	67,011	60.8	−32.3
	Republican	Bob Turner	43,129	39.2	+39.2
Majority			23,882	21.6	−64.6
Turnout			110,140	100	−8.7
	Democratic hold

US House special election, 2011: New York District 9
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Bob Turner	37,342	51.72
	Democratic	David Weprin	33,656	46.62
	Socialist Workers	Chris Hoeppner	143	0.2
	Write-In Votes	Multiple (49 Names)	1,056	1.46
Total votes			72,197	100
	Republican gain from Democratic

Historical district boundaries

Notes

^ "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
^ Feature. Queens Tribune (September 15, 2011). Retrieved on 2013-08-16.
^ http://www.jpost.com/International/Pro-Israel-Republican-Bob-Turner-wins-Weiners-NY-seat. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
^ 1794 Election result 9th D. at Project "A New Nation Votes", compiled by Phil Lampi, hosted at Tufts University Digital Library
^ see The History of Political Parties in the State of New-York, from the Ratification of the Federal Constitution to 1840 by Jabez D. Hammond (4th ed., Vol. 1, H. & E. Phinney, Cooperstown, 1846), on page 115: "…Gen. John Williams who had changed from a zealous democrat to a most heated federalist."
^ 1796 Election result 9th D. at Project "A New Nation Votes", compiled by Phil Lampi, hosted at Tufts University Digital Library
^ 1808 Election result 9th D. at Project "A New Nation Votes", compiled by Phil Lampi, hosted at Tufts University Digital Library
^ 1810 Election result 9th D. at Project "A New Nation Votes", compiled by Phil Lampi, hosted at Tufts University Digital Library
^ Strauss, Daniel. "Weiner to submit resignation letter Tuesday at midnight". Retrieved June 20, 2011.
^ November Election, 1870. Complete Statement of the Official Canvass, in Detail of the Election Held November 8, 1870, Giving the Vote of Each Election District, with Proceedings of County And State... Vol. Volume II. County of New York. 1871. p. 2030. Retrieved March 26, 2009. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)CS1 maint: others (link)

References

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
"1996 House election data". Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"1998 House election data". Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"2000 House election data". Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"2002 House election data". Clerk of the House of Representatives.
"2004 House election data". Clerk of the House of Representatives.

[Cook-1] "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.

[rightward_trend-2] Feature. Queens Tribune (September 15, 2011). Retrieved on 2013-08-16.

[3] ttp://www.jpost.com/International/Pro-Israel-Republican-Bob-Turner-wins-Weiners-NY-seat. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

[4] 1794 Election result 9th D. at Project "A New Nation Votes", compiled by Phil Lampi, hosted at Tufts University Digital Library

[5] see The History of Political Parties in the State of New-York, from the Ratification of the Federal Constitution to 1840 by Jabez D. Hammond (4th ed., Vol. 1, H. & E. Phinney, Cooperstown, 1846), on page 115: "…Gen. John Williams who had changed from a zealous democrat to a most heated federalist."

[6] 1796 Election result 9th D. at Project "A New Nation Votes", compiled by Phil Lampi, hosted at Tufts University Digital Library

[7] 1808 Election result 9th D. at Project "A New Nation Votes", compiled by Phil Lampi, hosted at Tufts University Digital Library

[8] 1810 Election result 9th D. at Project "A New Nation Votes", compiled by Phil Lampi, hosted at Tufts University Digital Library

[The_Hill-9] Strauss, Daniel. "Weiner to submit resignation letter Tuesday at midnight". Retrieved June 20, 2011.

[10] November Election, 1870. Complete Statement of the Official Canvass, in Detail of the Election Held November 8, 1870, Giving the Vote of Each Election District, with Proceedings of County And State... Vol. Volume II. County of New York. 1871. p. 2030. Retrieved March 26, 2009. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)CS1 maint: others (link)

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