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Aermacchi AL-60

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LASA-60 / AL-60 / C4M Kudu
Operational Aermacchi AL-60B-2 registered in Germany
Role Utility aircraft
Manufacturer Lockheed Corporation
Designer Al Mooney
Built by Lockheed-Azcarate
Aermacchi
Atlas Aircraft Corporation
First flight 15 September 1959[1]
Status Retired
Primary users Mexican Air Force
South African Air Force
Produced 1974-1979 South Africa
Number built ~180
Variants Northwest Ranger
Lockheed-Azacárate LASA 60

The Aermacchi AL-60 is a light civil utility aircraft of the late 1950s and early 1960s, originally designed by Al Mooney of Lockheed in the United States. After the company decided not to build the aircraft in the US, it was manufactured in small quantities in Mexico, and a few were assembled in Argentina (Santa Isabel, Córdoba) by Aviones Lockheed-Kaiser Argentina. It was also built in quantity under licence by Aermacchi in Italy[2] and Atlas Aircraft Corporation in South Africa.

Design and development

Lockheed flew only two prototypes of the AL-60 (in 1959) before deciding that it would be unprofitable in the US marketplace. Instead, the company chose to manufacture it under a joint venture in Mexico as Lockheed-Azcarate (LASA). 18 were produced in 1960 for the Mexican Air Force, as the LASA-60.

In Italy, Aermacchi purchased a licence to produce the type, first in its original configuration as the AL-60B, then in a modified version for various African customers as the AL-60C. This latter version changed from the original tricycle undercarriage to a taildragger arrangement.

The AL-60C version was built under license by Atlas Aircraft Corporation in South Africa. This aircraft was known as Atlas C4M Kudu. Over 40 aircraft were built and served the South African Air Force between 1974 and 1991.

A number of C4M Kudu aircraft are still flying privately and have proven well in the role of skydive release aircraft. They have been re-engined with turbine engines. This design is known as the Atlas Angel or Turbine Kudu.[3][4][5]

In 1968 Macchi sold the rights to the aircraft to Northwest Industries of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada and the design was developed into the Northwest Ranger, with development continuing until 1972.[6]

Variants

Kaiser-built L-402 at Don Torcuato near Buenos Aires in 1972
An Atlas C4M Kudu at the South African Air Force Museum
L-402
Lockheed prototypes and a few assembled by Kaizer
LASA-60
Mexican production model (44 built)
AL-60B-1 Santa Maria
Original Aermacchi-built version (4 built)
AL-60B-2 Santa Mari
Production Aermacchi version (81 built)
AL-60C-5 Conestoga
Aermacchi-built version for the Central African Republic
AL-60F-5 Trojan
Aermacchi-built version for Rhodesia (~10 units)
Atlas C4M Kudu
Atlas-built version for South Africa

Operators

 Central African Republic
 Italy
 Mexico
 Mauritania
 Rhodesia
 South Africa
 Tunisia
 Zimbabwe

Specifications (AL-60B2)

Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1966–67[9]

General characteristics

  • Crew: One
  • Capacity: 6-8 passengers / 602 kg (1,327 lb) max. payload
  • Length: 8.79 m (28 ft 10 in)
  • Wingspan: 11.84 m (38 ft 10 in)
  • Height: 3.25 m (10 ft 8 in)
  • Wing area: 19.54 m2 (210.3 sq ft)
  • Aspect ratio: 7.2:1
  • Airfoil: root: NACA 23016; tip: NACA 4412
  • Empty weight: 998 kg (2,200 lb)
  • Max takeoff weight: 1,746 kg (3,849 lb)
  • Fuel capacity: 322 L (85 US gal; 71 imp gal) in six wing tanks
  • Powerplant: 1 × Continental TSIO-470-B-A1A 6-cylinder air-cooled horizontally-opposed piston engine, 190 kW (260 hp)
  • Propellers: 3-bladed constant speed propeller

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 238 km/h (148 mph, 129 kn) at sea level
270 km/h (170 mph; 150 kn) at 4,800 m (15,700 ft)
  • Cruise speed: 220 km/h (140 mph, 120 kn) maximum at 75% power
206 km/h (128 mph; 111 kn) at 3,000 m (9,800 ft) at 63% power
  • Stall speed: 87 km/h (54 mph, 47 kn) flaps down
  • Never exceed speed: 283 km/h (176 mph, 153 kn)
  • Range: 885 km (550 mi, 478 nmi) with max. fuel
  • Service ceiling: 6,700 m (22,000 ft)
  • Rate of climb: 4.267 m/s (840.0 ft/min)
  • Take-off run: 189 m (620 ft)
  • Landing run: 183 m (600 ft)
  • Take-off run to 15 m (49 ft): 320 m (1,050 ft)
  • Landing run from 15 m (49 ft): 318 m (1,043 ft)

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

References

Notes

  1. ^ Taylor 1961, p. 272.
  2. ^ Flying: 8. December 1969.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: untitled periodical (link)
  3. ^ World Airnews - Kudu with a Turboprop - Birth of an Angel Archived March 30, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ "Lockheed Atlas Angel Skydiving Aircraft".
  5. ^ http://jsc.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/BIRTH-OF-ANGEL.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  6. ^ Plane and Pilot: 1978 Aircraft Directory, page 58. Werner & Werner Corp, Santa Monica CA, 1977. ISBN 0-918312-00-0
  7. ^ "Italian Air Force". aeroflight. Retrieved 3 June 2019.
  8. ^ "Air Force of Zimbabwe Aircraft Types".
  9. ^ Taylor 1966, pp. 88–89.

Bibliography

  • Flores, Santiago A. (March–April 2001). "Station Wagon: LASA-60, a Mexican Dream Turned Sour". Air Enthusiast (92): 50–53. ISSN 0143-5450.
  • Taylor, John W. R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1961–62. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1961.
  • Taylor, John W. R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1966–67. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1966.
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