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Burl Ives
Burl Ives in 1955, photo by Carl Van Vechten
Born
Burl Icle Ivanhoe Ives

(1909-06-14)June 14, 1909
Jasper County, Illinois, U.S.
DiedApril 14, 1995(1995-04-14) (aged 85)
Anacortes, Washington, U.S.
Occupation(s)Actor, voice over actor, folk singer, writer, author
Years active1935–93
Spouse(s)Helen Peck Ehrich (1945–71)
Dorothy Koster Paul (1971–95)

Burl Icle Ivanhoe Ives (June 14, 1909 – April 14, 1995) was an American actor, writer and folk music singer. As an actor, Ives's work included comedies, dramas, and voice work in theater, television, and motion pictures. Music critic John Rockwell said, "Ives's voice ... had the sheen and finesse of opera without its latter-day Puccinian vulgarities and without the pretensions of operatic ritual. It was genteel in expressive impact without being genteel in social conformity. And it moved people."[1]

Life and career

Early life

Ives was born in 1909 near Hunt City, an unincorporated town in Jasper County, Illinois near Newton, Illinois; the son of Levi "Frank" Ives (1880–1947) and Cordelia "Dellie" White (1882–1954). He had six siblings: Audry, Artie, Clarence, Argola, Lillburn, and Norma. His father was at first a farmer and then a contractor for the county and others. One day Ives was singing in the garden with his mother, and his uncle overheard them. He invited his nephew to sing at the old soldiers' reunion in Hunt City. The boy performed a rendition of the folk ballad "Barbara Allen" and impressed both his uncle and the audience.[2]

Ives had a long-standing relationship with the Boy Scouts of America. He was a Lone Scout before that group merged with the Boy Scouts of America in 1924.[3] The collection of his papers at the New York Library for the Performing Arts includes a photograph of Ives being "inducted" into the Boy Scouts in 1966.[4] Ives received the organization's Silver Buffalo Award, its highest honor.[5] The certificate for the award is hanging on the wall of the Scouting Museum in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.[6] Ives often performed at the quadrennial Boy Scouts of America jamboree, including the 1981 jamboree at Fort A.P. Hill in Virginia, where he shared the stage with the Oak Ridge Boys.[7] There is a 1977 sound recording of Ives being interviewed by Boy Scouts at the National Jamboree at Moraine State Park, Pennsylvania; on this tape he also sings and talks about Scouting, teaching, etc.[8] Ives is also the narrator of a 28-minute film about the 1977 National Jamboree. In the film, which was produced by the Boy Scouts of America, Ives "shows the many ways in which Scouting provides opportunities for young people to develop character and expand their horizons."[9]

From 1927-29, Ives attended Eastern Illinois State Teachers College (now Eastern Illinois University) in Charleston, Illinois, where he played football.[10] During his junior year, he was sitting in English class, listening to a lecture on Beowulf, when he suddenly realized he was wasting his time. As he walked out the door, the professor made a snide remark, and Ives slammed the door behind him.[11] Sixty years later, the school named a building after its most famous dropout.[12] Ives was also involved in Freemasonry from 1927 onward.[13]

On July 23, 1929 in Richmond, Indiana, Ives did a trial recording of "Behind the Clouds" for the Starr Piano Company's Gennett label, but the recording was rejected and destroyed a few weeks later.[14]

1930s–1940s

Ives traveled about the U.S. as an itinerant singer during the early 1930s, earning his way by doing odd jobs and playing his banjo. He was jailed in Mona, Utah, for vagrancy and for singing “Foggy, Foggy Dew,” which the authorities decided was a bawdy song.[15] Around 1931 he began performing on WBOW radio in Terre Haute, Indiana. He also went back to school, attending classes at Indiana State Teachers College (now Indiana State University).[16] During the lat 1930s Ives also attended The Julliard School in New York.

In 1940 Ives began his own radio show, titled The Wayfaring Stranger after one of his ballads. Over the next decade, he popularized several traditional folk songs, such as “Foggy, Foggy Dew” (an English/Irish folk song), “Blue Tail Fly” (an old Civil War tune), and “Big Rock Candy Mountain” (an old hobo ditty). He was also associated with the 'Almanac Singers' (Almanacs), a folk singing group which at different times included Woody Guthrie, Will Geer and Pete Seeger. The Almanacs were active in the American Peace Mobilization (APC), an anti-war group opposed to American entry into World War II and Franklin Roosevelt's pro-Allied policies. They recorded such songs as 'Get Out and Stay Out of War' and 'Franklin, Oh Franklin'.[17]

In June 1941, promptly after the Germans invaded the Soviet Union, the APC re-organized itself into the pro-war American People's Mobilization. Ives and the Almanacs re-recorded several of their songs to reflect the group's new stance in favor of US entry into the war. Among them were 'Dear Mr. President' and 'Reuben James'(name of a US destroyer sunk by the Germans before US entry into the war).

In early 1942, Ives was drafted into the U.S. Army. He spent time first at Camp Dix, then at Camp Upton, where he joined the cast of Irving Berlin's This Is the Army. He attained the rank of corporal.[citation needed] When the show went to Hollywood, he was transferred to the Army Air Force. He was discharged honorably, apparently for medical reasons, in September 1943. Between September and December 1943, Ives lived in California with actor Harry Morgan (who would later go on to play Officer Bill Gannon in the 1960s version of Jack Webb's TV show Dragnet, and Colonel Sherman T. Potter on M*A*S*H). In December 1943, Ives went to New York City to work for CBS radio for $100 a week.[18]

On December 6, 1945, Ives married 29-year-old script writer Helen Peck Ehrlich.[19] Their son Alexander was born in 1949.[citation needed]

In 1945 Ives was cast as a singing cowboy in the film Smoky (1945).[20]

In 1947, Ives recorded one of many versions of "The Blue Tail Fly (Jimmy Crack Corn)", but paired this time with the incredibly popular Andrews Sisters (Patty, Maxene, and LaVerne). Only Bing Crosby sold more Decca Records than the sisters in the 1940s. The flip side of the record would be a fast-paced "I'm Goin' Down the Road". Ives hoped that the trio's success would help the record sell well, and indeed it did, becoming both a best-selling disc and a Billboard hit.[21] It's unfortunate that the acts never paired again on record, as they well-balanced each other's musical genres for a pleasant blend.

His version of the 17th century English song "Lavender Blue" became his first hit and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song for its use in the 1949 film, So Dear to My Heart.

1950s: Communist blacklisting

Ives was identified in the 1950 pamphlet Red Channels and blacklisted as an entertainer with supposed Communist ties.[22] In 1952 he cooperated with the House Committee on Unamerican Activities (HUAC) and agreed to testify. He stated that he was not a member of the Communist Party but that he had attended various union meetings with fellow folk singer Pete Seeger simply to stay in touch with working folk. He stated: "You know who my friends are; you will have to ask them if they are Communists."[23]

Ives's statement to the HUAC ended his blacklisting, allowing him to continue acting in movies. But it also led to a bitter rift between Ives and many folk singers, including Seeger, who accused Ives of betraying them and the cause of cultural and political freedom in order to save his own career. Ives countered by saying he had simply stated what he had always believed. Forty-one years later, Ives reunited with Seeger during a benefit concert in New York City. They sang "Blue Tail Fly" together.[24]

1950s–1960s

Ives (left) with Paul Newman in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof.

Ives expanded his appearances in films during this decade. His movie credits include East of Eden, "Big Daddy" in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, Desire Under the Elms, Wind Across the Everglades, The Big Country, for which he won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor; Ensign Pulver, the sequel to Mister Roberts; and Our Man in Havana, based on the Graham Greene novel.

1960s–1990s

In the 1960s Ives began singing country music with greater frequency. In 1962 he released three songs that were popular with both country music and popular music fans: "A Little Bitty Tear", "Call Me Mister In-Between", and "Funny Way of Laughing".

Ives had several film and television roles during the 1960s and 1970s. In 1962 he starred with Rock Hudson in The Spiral Road, which was based on a novel of the same name by Jan de Hartog. In 1964, he played the genie in the movie The Brass Bottle with Tony Randall and Barbara Eden.

Ives performed in other television productions, including Pinocchio and Roots. He starred in two television series: O.K. Crackerby! (1965–66), which co-starred Hal Buckley, Joel Davison and Brooke Adams, and The Bold Ones: The Lawyers (1969–72). O.K. Crackerby!, which was about the presumed richest man in the world, replaced Walter Brennan's somewhat similar The Tycoon on the ABC schedule from the preceding year. Ives occasionally starred in macabre-themed productions. In 1970, for example, he played the title role in "The Man Who Wanted to Live Forever," in which his character attempts to harvest human organs from unwilling donors. In 1972, he appeared as old man Doubleday in the episode "The Other Way Out" of Rod Serling's Night Gallery, in which his character seeks a gruesome revenge for the murder of his granddaughter.

Ives and Helen Peck Ehrlich were divorced in February 1971.[25] Ives then married Dorothy Koster Paul in London two months later.[26] In their later years, Ives and Dorothy lived in a waterfront home in Anacortes, in the Puget Sound area, and in Galisteo, New Mexico, on the Turquoise Trail. In the 1960s, he had another home just south of Hope Town on Elbow Cay, a barrier island of the Abacos in the Bahamas.[citation needed]

In honor of Ives's influence on American vocal music, on October 25, 1975, he was awarded the University of Pennsylvania Glee Club Award of Merit.[27] This award, initiated in 1964, was "established to bring a declaration of appreciation to an individual each year who has made a significant contribution to the world of music and helped to create a climate in which our talents may find valid expression."

Ives lent his name and image to the U.S. Bureau of Land Management's "This Land Is Your Land — Keep It Clean" campaign in the 1970s. He was portrayed with the program's fictional spokesman, Johnny Horizon.

Ives' "A Holly Jolly Christmas" and "Silver and Gold" are now considered Christmas standards some 45 years after they were first featured in the 1964 CBS-TV presentation of the Rankin & Bass stop-motion animated family special Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer. Johnny Marks had composed the title song (originally an enormous hit for singing cowboy Gene Autry) in 1949, and producers Rankin & Bass retained him to compose the TV special's soundtrack. Ives voiced Sam the Snowman, the banjo-playing "host" and narrator of the story, explaining how Rudolph used his "nonconformity," as Sam refers to it, to save Christmas from being cancelled due to an impassable blizzard. The following year, Ives re-recorded all three of these Johnny Marks hits, which Ives had sung in the TV special, but with a more "pop" feel than in the TV special. He released them all as singles for the 1965 holiday season, capitalizing on their previous successes.

Burl Ives was seen regularly in television commercials for Luzianne tea for several years during the 1970s and 1980s when he was the company's commercial spokesman.

Death

Ives was a renowned pipe smoker; the cover of his first album depicted a pipe and a fishing hat with the words "Burl Ives" in between. He also smoked cigars. In the summer of 1994 he was diagnosed with oral cancer after being hospitalized for back surgery. After several operations he decided against having further surgery. In April 1995 he fell into a coma. Ives died of complications of mouth cancer on April 14, 1995 at his home in Anacortes, Washington;[28] he is interred in Mound Cemetery in Hunt City Township, Jasper County, Illinois.[29][30]

Broadway roles

Ives's Broadway career included appearances in The Boys From Syracuse (1938–39), Heavenly Express (1940), This Is the Army (1942), Sing Out, Sweet Land (1944), Paint Your Wagon (1951–52), and Dr. Cook's Garden (1967). His most notable Broadway performance (later reprised in a 1958 movie) was as "Big Daddy" Pollitt in Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1955–56), written specifically for Ives by Tennessee Williams.[citation needed]

Author

Ives's autobiography, The Wayfaring Stranger, was published in 1948. He also wrote or compiled several other books, including Burl Ives' Songbook (1953), Tales of America (1954), Sea Songs of Sailing, Whaling, and Fishing (1956), and The Wayfaring Stranger's Notebook (1962).

The Ren & Stimpy Show's first season episode "Stimpy's Invention" featured a record, "Happy, Happy, Joy, Joy", which parodied Ives' singing style and re-created some of his crusty dialogue from The Big Country and Summer Magic. Also, Ren has a little of Ives' tone in his voice, though he's mostly inspired by Kirk Douglas and Peter Lorre.

Ives is known to Star Wars fans for his role as the narrator in the 1984 made-for-TV film Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure.

The Christmas film Elf, starring Will Ferrell, features a snowman resembling the character Ives voiced in Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer, voiced by Leon Redbone.

In The King of Queens episode "Baker's Doesn't", Arthur (Jerry Stiller) is talking to Spence (Patton Oswalt) and decides not to write a new Christmas song, but a new Hanukkah song instead because "all they have is 'Dreidel, Dreidel' and that Adam Sandler song". He says that their song has nothing new to say that hasn't been said a thousand times by Burl Ives, God rest his soul. Plus I have no idea if he's dead or alive."

Director Wes Anderson included a number of songs (among them "Buckeye Jim") by Ives on the soundtrack for his 2009 film Fantastic Mr. Fox.

Discography

Albums

Hit Singles

Year Single Chart positions
US US
AC 		US Country UK
1948 "Blue Tail Fly" (with The Andrews Sisters and Vic Schoen's Orchestra) 24 - - -
1949 "Lavender Blue (Dilly Dilly)" (with Captain Stubby and The Buccaneers) 16 - 13 -
"Riders In the Sky (A Cowboy Legend)" 21 - - -
1951 "On Top of Old Smoky" (with Percy Faith and His Orchestra) 10 - - -
1952 "The Wild Side of Life" (with Grady Martin and The Slewfoot Five) 30 - 6 -
1954 "True Love Goes On and On" (with Gordon Jenkins and His Orchestra and Chorus) 23 - - -
1957 "Marianne" (with The Trinidaddies) 84 - - -
1961 "A Little Bitty Tear" (with The Anita Kerr Singers and Owen Bradley's Orchestra) 9 1 2 9
1962 "Funny Way of Laughin'" (with Owen Bradley's Orchestra) 10 3 9 29
"Call Me Mr. In-Between" (with Owen Bradley's Orchestra) 19 6 3 -
"Mary Ann Regrets" (with Owen Bradley's Orchestra and Chorus) 39 13 12 -
1963 "The Same Old Hurt" (with Owen Bradley's Orchestra and Chorus) 91 - - -
"Baby Come Home To Me" 131 - - -
"I'm the Boss" (with Owen Bradley's Orchestra and Chorus) 111 - - -
"This Is All I Ask" 67 - - -
"It Comes and Goes" 124 - - -
"True Love Goes On and On" (second entry) 66 - - -
1964 "Pearly Shells (Popo O Ewa)" (with Owen Bradley's Orchestra) 60 12 - -
1965 "My Gal Sal" (with Owen Bradley's Orchestra) 122 - - -
"Chim Chim Cher-ee" 120 - - -
1966 "Evil Off My Mind" - - 47 -
1967 "Lonesome 7-7203" - - 72 -
1968 "I'll Be Your Baby Tonight" (with Robert Mersey's Orchestra) 133 35 - -
1965 "Have a Holly Jolly Christmas" - 30 - -

Singles (selected)

  • Foggy, Foggy Dew / Rodger Young (1945, 10 in., 78 rpm, Decca 23405)
  • Grandfather Kringle / The Twelve Days of Christmas (1951, 10 in., 78 rpm, Columbia MJV-124)
  • Great White Bird / Brighten The Corner Where You Are (1953, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 28849)
  • That's My Heart Strings / The Bus Stop Song (1956, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 30046)
  • We Loves Ye Jimmy / I Never See Maggie Alone (1959, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 30855)
  • A Little Bitty Tear / Shanghied (1961, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31330)
  • Funny Way of Laughing / Mother Wouldn't Do That (1962, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31371)
  • Call Me Mr. In-Between / What You Gonna Do, Leroy? (1962, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31405)
  • Mary Ann Regrets / How Do You Fall Out of Love? (1962, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31433)
  • The Twelve Days of Christmas / Indian Christmas Carol (1962, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 25585)
  • I'm the Boss / The Moon Is High (1963, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31504)
  • True Love Goes On and On / I Wonder What's Become of Sally (1963, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31571)
  • On The Front Porch / Ugly Bug Ball (1963, 7 in., 45 rpm, Buena Vista 419)
  • Four Initials on a Tree /This Is Your Day (1964, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31610)
  • Pearly Shells / What Little Tears Are Made Of (1964, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31659)
  • Salt Water Guitar / The Story of Bobby Lee Trent (1964, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31811)
  • A Holly Jolly Christmas / Snow for Johnny (1965, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31695)
  • Evil Off My Mind / Taste of Heaven (c. 1967, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 31997)
  • Lonesome 7-7203 / Hollow Words (1967, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 32078)
  • That's Where My Baby Used to Be / Bury the Bottle With Me (1968, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 32282)
  • I'll Be Your Baby Tonight / Maria, If I Could (1968, 7 in., 45 rpm, Columbia 4-44508)
  • Santa Mouse / Oh, What a Lucky Boy I Am (1968, 7 in., 45 rpm, Columbia 4-44711)
  • Gingerbread House / Tumbleweed Snowman (c. 1970, 7 in. 45 rpm, Big Tree BT-130)
  • The Best Is Yet to Come & Stayin' Song / Blue Tail Fly (1972, 7 in., 45 rpm, MCA 1921)
  • Mrs. Johnson's Happiness Emporium / Anytime You Say (1973, 7 in., 45 rpm, Decca 33049)
  • The Tail of the Comet Kohoutek / A Very Fine Lady (1974, 7 in., 45 rpm, MCA 40175)
  • It's Gonna Be a Mixed Up Xmas / The Christmas Legend of Monkey Joe (1978, 7 in., 45 & 33 1/3 rpm, Monkey Joe MJ1)
  • The Night Before Christmas / Instrumental (1986, 7 in., 45 rpm, Stillman/Teague STP-1013)

Radio work (selected)[31]

  • Back Where I Came From, CBS (30 September 1940 – February 28, 1941)
  • The Wayfarin' Stranger, CBS & WOR (1941–1942, 1946–1948)[32]
  • Burl Ives Coffee Club, CBS (5 July 1941 – January 24, 1942)
  • The Columbia Workshop, CBS
    • "Roadside" (March 2, 1941)
    • "The Log of the R-77," second installment of Twenty-Six by Corwin (May 11, 1941)
    • "The People, Yes," third installment of Twenty-Six by Corwin (May 18, 1941)
    • "A Child's History of Hot Music" (March 15, 1942)
  • G. I. Jive, military radio (c. 1943)[33]
  • Columbia Presents Corwin, CBS
    • "The Lonesome Train" (March 21, 1944)
    • "El Capitan and the Corporal" (July 25, 1944)
  • The Theatre Guild on the Air, ABC
    • "Sing Out, Sweet Land" (October 21, 1945)
  • Hollywood Star Time, CBS
    • "The Return of Frank James" (March 10, 1946)
  • The Burl Ives Show, Syndication (1946–1948)
  • Hollywood Fights Back, ABC (November 2, 1947)
  • The Kaiser Traveler, ABC (24 July – September 4, 1949)
  • Burl Ives Sings, Syndication (1950s)

Theater appearances (selected)[34]

  • Pocahontas Preferred (1935–1936)[35]
  • I Married an Angel (1938)[32]
  • The Boys from Syracuse (23 November 1938 – June 10, 1939)
  • Heavenly Express (18 April – May 4, 1940)
  • This Is the Army (4 July – September 26, 1942)
  • Sing Out Sweet Land (December 27, 1944 – March 24, 1945)
  • She Stoops to Conquer (1950)[36]
  • Knickerbocker Holiday (1950)[37]
  • The Man Who Came to Dinner (1951)[38]
  • Paint Your Wagon (12 November 1951 – July 19, 1952)
  • Show Boat (1954)[39]
  • Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (March 24, 1955 – November 17, 1956)
  • Dr. Cook's Garden (September 25–30, 1967)

Filmography (selected)

Television

Films

Concerts (selected)

  • Royal Winsor, New York City, April 28, 1939[40]
  • Town Hall, New York City, December 1, 1945[35]
  • Opera House, San Francisco, February 9, 1949[41]
  • Columbia University, New York City, 19 October 1950[42]
  • Royal Festival Hall, London, 10 May 1952[43]
  • Albert Hall, London, 20 October 1976[44]
  • Reuben F. Scarf's house, Sydney, Australia, GROW Party, 1977.[45]
  • Royal Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool,1979 accompanying The Spinners.
  • Chautauqua, New York, 1982 (VHS)
  • Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois, April 27, 1990[46]
  • Brodniak Hall, Anacortes, Washington, 1991 (VHS)
  • Mt. Vernon, Washington, February 1993 (VHS)
  • Folksong U.S.A., 92nd Street Y, New York City, 17 May 1993[47]

Bibliography

  • The Wayfarin' Stranger: A Collection of 21 Folk Songs and Ballads with Guitar and Piano Accompaniment. New York: Leeds Music, 1945.
  • Wayfaring Stranger. New York: Whittlesey House, 1948 (autobiography)
  • Favorite Folk Ballads of Burl Ives: A Collection of 17 Folk Songs and Ballads with Guitar and Piano Accompaniment. New York: Leeds Music, 1949
  • Burl Ives Song Book. New York: Ballantine Books, 1953
  • Sailing on a Very Fine Day. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1954 (Children's picture book)
  • Burl Ives Folio of Australian Songs, collected and arranged by Percy Jones, 1954.
  • Song in America: Our Musical Heritage, co-authored with Albert Hague. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, n.d.
  • Tales of America. Cleveland: World Publishing, 1954
  • "Introduction" to Paul Kapp's A Cat Came Fiddling and Other Rhymes of Childhood, New York: Harcourt Brace, 1956
  • The Ghost and Hans Van Duin [excerpt from Tales of America]. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Institute of Technology, 1956
  • Sea Songs of Sailing, Whaling, and Fishing. New York: Ballantine Books, 1956
  • The Wayfaring Stranger's Notebook. Indianapolis, Bobbs-Merrill, 1962
  • Irish Songs. New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce, n.d.
  • The Burl Ives Sing-Along Song Book: A Treasury of American Folk Songs & Ballads, 1963
  • Albad the Oaf. London: Abelard-Schuman, 1965
  • More Burl Ives Songs. New York: Ballantine Books, 1966
  • Sing a Fun Song. New York: Southern Music Publishing, 1968
  • Burl Ives: Four Folk Song and Four Stories, co-authored with Barbara Hazen. N.p.: CBS Records, 1969
  • Spoken Arts Treasury of American Ballads and Folk Songs, co-authored with Arthur Klein and Helen Ives, n.d.
  • Easy Guitar Method. Dayton, Ohio : Heritage Music Press, 1975
  • We Americans: A Musical Journey with Burl Ives. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1978 (pamphlet)
  • "Foreword" to Martin Scot Kosins's Maya's First Rose. West Bloomfield, MI: Altweger and Mandel Publishing, 1991

References

  1. ^ John Rockwell, quoted in book review of Outsider, John Rockwell on the Arts, 1967-2006, by John Rockwell, the New York Times Book Review, 24 December 2006, p. 13.
  2. ^ Burl Ives, Wayfaring Stranger, New York: Whittlesey House, 1948, pp. 15–20.
  3. ^ Lone Scout Foundation, "How the Lone Scouts of America Came To Be": link.
  4. ^ Guide to the Burl Ives Papers, 1913-1975, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts: link.
  5. ^ NNDB: Tracking the Entire World: Silver Buffalo: link.
  6. ^ The World of Scouting Museum at Valley Forge: Our Collection: link.
  7. ^ John C. Halter, "A Spirit of Time and Place," Scouting Magazine, September 2004: link.
  8. ^ WorldCat: OCLC No. 28143341: link.
  9. ^ WorldCat: OCLC No. 5641115: link.
  10. ^ Betsy Cole, "Eastern Mourns Burl Ives," Daily Eastern News, 17 April 1995.
  11. ^ Ives, Wayfaring Stranger pp. 108–109.
  12. ^ Associated Press, "Eastern Illinois University Honors Famed Dropout Burl Ives," St. Louis Post Dispatch, 3 May 1990, p. 71. Accessed via NewsBank.
  13. ^ Burl Ives Collection, Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite.
  14. ^ Tony Russell, Country Music Records: A Discography, 1921-1942, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004, pp. 17, 369.
  15. ^ Wayfaring Stranger pp. 129–132.
  16. ^ Wayfaring Stranger p. 145.
  17. ^ 'Dupes: How America's Adversaries Have Manipulated Progressives for a Century' by Paul Kengor (2010)
  18. ^ "Testimony of Burl Icle Ives, New York, N.Y. [on May 20, 1952]," Hearings before the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-Second Congress, Second Session on Subversive Infiltration of Radio, Television, and the Entertainment Industry. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1952. Part 2, p. 206.
  19. ^ "Burl Ives Weds Script Writer," New York Times, December 8, 1945, p. 24. Accessed via ProQuest Historical Newspapers.
  20. ^ Burl Ives Biography, Sitcoms Online.
  21. ^ Sforza, John: "Swing It! The Andrews Sisters Story;" University Press of Kentucky, 2000; 289 pages
  22. ^ Michael D. Murray, Encyclopedia of Television News, Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1998. p 18. Accessed via Ebrary
  23. ^ "Testimony of Burl Icle Ives ...,"Hearings before the Subcommittee ..., pp. 205–228.
  24. ^ Dean Kahn, "Ives-Seeger Rift Finally Ended with 'Blue-Tail Fly' Harmony: Skagitonians Ives, Murros Were on Opposite Sides," Knight Ridder Tribune Business News [from Bellingham Herald, Washington], 19 March 2006, p. 1. Accessed via ProQuest ABI/Inform.
  25. ^ "Burl Ives Divorced," New York Times, 19 February 1971, p. 27. Accessed via ProQuest Historical Newspapers
  26. ^ UPI, "Burl Ives Weds," Evening Sentinel, Holland, Michigan, 17 April 1971, p. 3. Accessed via Access NewspaperARCHIVE
  27. ^ "The University of Pennsylvania Glee Club Award of Merit Recipients".
  28. ^ NY Times Ives obituary
  29. ^ Richard Severo, "Burl Ives, the Folk Singer Whose Imposing Acting Won an Oscar, Dies at 85," New York Times, 15 April 1995, p. 10. Accessed via ProQuest Historical Newspapers
  30. ^ http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1S1-9199504150897195.html from encyclopedia.com
  31. ^ Vincent Terrace, Radio's Golden Years: The Encyclopedia of Radio Programs, 1930-1960, San Diego: Barnes and Company, 1981, pp. 43, 147; John Dunning, On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio, New York: Oxford University Press, p. 123; Dave Goldin, RadioGOLDINdex: link. Unless otherwise noted, the information in this section comes from these sources
  32. ^ a b James R. Parish and Michael R. Pitts, Hollywood Songsters: Singers Who Act and Actors Who Sing, 2nd ed., Taylor & Francis, 2003, ISBN 0-415-94333-7, p. 403
  33. ^ James R. Parish and Michael R. Pitts, Hollywood Songsters, 2nd ed., Taylor & Francis, 2003, p. 404
  34. ^ Internet Broadway Database: Burl Ives Credits on Broadway: link. Unless otherwise noted, this database is the source of the information in this section
  35. ^ "Old Play in Manhattan," Time, January 9, 1950, link
  36. ^ "Along the Straw Hat," New York Times, July 30, 1950, p. X3. Includes photo of Ives. Accessed via ProQuest Historical Newspapers
  37. ^ "Along the Straw Hat Trail," New York Times, September 2, 1951, p. 54. Includes photo of Ives. Accessed via ProQuest Historical Newspapers
  38. ^ L.F., "The Theatre: 'Show Boat,' New York Times, May 6, 1954, p. 44. Includes photograph of Ives and co-stars. Accessed via ProQuest Historical Newspapers
  39. ^ John Martin, "The Dance: Folk Fetes," New York Times, April 23, 1939, p. 128. Accessed via ProQuest Historical Newspapers
  40. ^ "Burl Ives to Be in S. F. February 9," San Mateo Times, San Mateo, CA, January 29, 1949, p. 5. Accessed via Access NewspaperARCHIVE
  41. ^ Display ad, New York Times, October 8, 1950, p. X3. Accessed via ProQuest Historical Newspapers
  42. ^ "Burl Ives Packs London Hall," New York Times, May 11, 1952, p. 95. Accessed via ProQuest Historical Newspapers
  43. ^ UPI, "Ives Returns [to London]," Syracuse Herald Journal, Syracuse, NY, October 1, 1976, p. 33. Accessed via Access NewspaperARCHIVE
  44. ^ Keogh, C.B. (1979). GROW Comes of Age: A Celebration and a Vision!. Sydney, Australia: GROW Publications. ISBN 0-909114-01-3. OCLC 27588634.
  45. ^ Associated Press, "Eastern Illinois University Honors Famed Dropout Burl Ives," St. Louis Post-Dispatch, May 3, 1990, p. 71. Accessed via NewsBank
  46. ^ Stephen Holden, "The Cream of Folk, Reunited for a Cause," New York Times, May 19, 1993, p. C15. Includes photo of Ives, Seeger, and others. Accessed via ProQuest Historical Newspapers
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