Daniel C. Tsui
Daniel C. Tsui 崔琦 | |
|---|---|
| Born | February 28, 1939 Henan, China |
| Nationality | United States |
| Alma mater | University of Chicago (PhD) Augustana College (BSc) |
| Known for | Quantum Hall effect |
| Awards | Nobel Prize in Physics (1998) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Experimental physics Electrical engineering |
| Institutions | Princeton University Bell Laboratories |
Daniel Chee Tsui (Chinese: 崔琦; pinyin: Cuī Qí, born February 28, 1939, Henan Province, China) is a Chinese-born American physicist whose areas of research included electrical properties of thin films and microstructures of semiconductors and solid-state physics. He was previously the Arthur LeGrand Doty Professor of Electrical Engineering at Princeton University and adjunct senior research scientist in the Department of Physics at Columbia University, where he was a visiting professor from 2006 to 2008. Currently, he is a research professor at Boston University. In 1998, along with Horst L. Störmer of Columbia and Robert Laughlin of Stanford, Tsui was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his contributions to the discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect.
Biography
Tsui was born in Fan Village (范庄), about 7,5 kilometers from Baofeng, Henan Province, and his parents were both farmers. When he was born, China was full of natural disasters and wars. He studied Chinese classics in a school in the village.
Tsui left for Hong Kong in 1951, and attended Pui Ching Middle School in Kowloon, where he graduated in 1957. He was admitted to the National Taiwan University Medical School in Taipei, Taiwan. Tsui was given a full scholarship to the Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois, United States, which is his church pastor's Lutheran alma mater.
Tsui accepted the latter, and moved to the United States in 1958. He graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Augustana College in 1961. Tsui was the only student of Chinese descent in his college. Tsui continued his study in physics in University of Chicago, where he received his PhD in physics in 1967. Tsui did a year of postdoctoral research at Chicago. In 1968, Tsui joined Bell Laboratories where he was a pioneer in the study of two-dimensional electrons.
His discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect, the work for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize, occurred shortly before he was appointed Professor of Electrical Engineering at Princeton in 1982.
Honors and awards
Tsui is a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, a member of the National Academy of Engineering (2004 election), a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences, and a fellow of the American Physical Society. In 1992, Tsui was elected Academician of Academia Sinica, Taipei. In June 2000, Tsui was elected Foreign Member of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.
Tsui also was awarded several prestigious prizes, including:
- Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize, 1984
- Benjamin Franklin Medal in Physics, 1998
- Nobel Prize in Physics, 1998
See also
External links
- American physicists
- Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
- Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
- Nobel laureates in Physics
- American Nobel laureates
- Augustana College (Illinois) alumni
- Hong Kong Nobel laureates
- Chinese emigrants to the United States
- Ethnic Chinese Nobel laureates
- Semiconductor physicists
- Princeton University faculty
- Scientists at Bell Labs
- Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
- American people of Chinese descent
- 1939 births
- Living people
- Naturalized citizens of the United States
- People from Pingdingshan
- University of Chicago alumni