Drammen
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| Drammen kommune | |||
| — Municipality — | |||
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| Coordinates: 59°44′16″N 10°12′18″E / 59.73778°N 10.205°E | |||
| Country | Norway | ||
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| County | Buskerud | ||
| Municipality ID | NO-0602 | ||
| Administrative centre | Drammen | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor (2003) | Tore Opdal Hansen (H) | ||
| Area (Nr. 366 in Norway) | |||
| - Total | 137 km2 (52.9 sq mi) | ||
| - Land | 135 km2 (52.1 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2008) | |||
| - Total | 60,145 | ||
| - Density | 421/km2 (1,090.4/sq mi) | ||
| - Change (10 years) | 8.2 % | ||
| - Rank in Norway | 9 | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Official language form | Neutral | ||
| Demonym | Drammenser Drammensar [1] |
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| Website | www.drammen.kommune.no | ||
Drammen (help·info) is a city and municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Drammen.
The municipality of Drammen was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The rural municipality of Skoger was merged with the municipality of Drammen on 1 January 1964 (it was transferred from Vestfold county to Buskerud county at the same time).
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[edit] General information
[edit] Name
The Old Norse form of the city's name was Drafn, and this was originally the name of the inner part of Drammensfjord. The fjord is, however, probably named after the river Dramselva (Old Norse: Dröfn), and this again is derived from the old word dröfn, which meant "wave".[2]
[edit] Coat-of-arms
The coat-of-arms is from modern times. They were granted on 17 November 1960. The arms are blue with a gray/silver column on top of a foundation of rocks. A key and a sword are crossed in the middle forming an x. It is based upon the old seal for Bragernes from 1723. The motto for Bragernes (in Latin) was In Fide Et Justitia Fortitudo (English: in faith and justice is strength), and the items in the seal are referring to this: key = faith, sword = justice, column on rocks = strength.[3]
[edit] History
Rock carvings at Åskollen and Skogerveien are 6000 to 7000 years old, and are the first signs of human activity in the area. The largest rock carving at Åskollen depicts a moose.
Drammen originally consisted of three small seaports: Bragernes (on the northern side of the Drammenselva river) and Strømsø and Tangen (both on the southern side of the river). For trade purposes, small seaports were placed under market towns. Despite their geographical proximity, Bragernes was placed under Christiania and Strømsø under Tønsberg. For this reason, cooperation between the adjacent seaport towns was almost impossible. In 1662, a merger was proposed to unite Strømsø and Bragernes to form a market town with the name Frederiksstrøm. The proposal was rejected by Frederick III of Denmark. Bragernes received limited market town rights in 1715, and merged with Strømsø to gain status as a single city on 19 June 1811.[4]
Its unique geographical location made the city a centre for seafaring, ship building, log driving, timber trade, and (since the 19th century) paper and pulp industries. During the 1960s most of the pulp and paper factories along the Drammenselva were closed down.
Large parts of the city were ruined in the great fire of 12-13 July 1866, which led to the reconstruction of the city centre, including the characteristic town square and Bragernes church.[5]
In 1909, Drammen got the first trolleybus system in Scandinavia, the Drammen trolleybus. The lines ran until 1967. For many years the centre of Drammen suffered from heavy traffic, but in 1970 the European route E18 bridge helped somewhat, and in 1999 the opening of the Bragernes tunnel diverted much of the traffic away from the centre of the city. In recent years, the city centre has seen significant regeneration, with the introduction of new housing, shopping facilities, restaurants, cafes and bars, as well as a public pathway along the Drammenselva river.
[edit] Geography
Drammen is one of the larger cities in Norway, and lies about 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the capital of Norway, Oslo. The city centre lies at the end of a valley, on both sides of the Drammenselva river, and where the river meets the Drammensfjord. Drammen is also the main harbor for car and fruit import in Norway.
As of 1 January 2007, the population of the urban area of Drammen is 93,006. Drammen is the sixth largest urban area of Norway and occupies territory in five municipalities: Drammen (with about 61% of the population), Nedre Eiker (23%), Øvre Eiker (8%), Lier (5%), and Røyken (3%).[6]
The boroughs of Drammen are Austad/Fjell, Bragernes, Gulskogen, Konnerud, Skoger, Strømsø/Danvik, Tangen/Åskollen and Åssiden.[7]
The Øvre Sund area, situated along Drammenselva, will be regulated by the municipality in order to restore this area's character. The buildings there are from the 18th and 19th century, and contribute, as well as the river and the brewery, to give the city a special identity.[8]
In 2008 Drammen won the prestigious prize for the best city development in Europe.
[edit] Attractions
[edit] Brewery
The Aass Brewery is the oldest surviving brewery in Norway, and has won acclaim for both its beer and its conservative building.
[edit] Bridges
- The Ypsilon bridge
[edit] Sport clubs
- Drammen FK. Founded 23 August 2008.
- Drammen golfklubb. Founded in 1988. Golf club with 18-hole course situated in the southern part of Drammen, on the border to Sande in Vestfold. The course gives both the beginner and the experienced player relevant challenges. The view from tee on hole 7 gives a beautiful view of the region.
- Drammen HK Handball club competing in Men's European Champions League (07/08)
- IF Hellas
- IF Sturla
- Konnerud IL Sport club most famous for its cross-country skiing facilities.
- SBK Drafn Founded Sept. 15, 1910, 21 Norwegian Championships in bandy, 1 lost cup final in football (1927).
- SBK Skiold
- Strømsgodset IF. Founded 10 February 1907. Four Norwegian championships in football (1969, 1970, 1973, 1991). Winner of the Norwegian football league in 1970. Won 6 Norwegian championships in bandy.
[edit] Notable residents
[edit] Sister cities
The following cities are twinned with Drammen:[9]
- Kolding, Region Syddanmark, Denmark
- Lappeenranta, Etelä-Suomi, Finland
- Stykkishólmur, Iceland
- Örebro, Örebro County, Sweden
[edit] References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Drammen |
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Look up Drammen in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
- ^ "Personnemningar til stadnamn i Noreg" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet. http://www.sprakrad.no/Sprakhjelp/Rettskriving_Ordboeker/Innbyggjarnamn.
- ^ Unger, Carl Rikard (1896). Sproglig-historiske studier. Kristiania, Norge: H. Aschehoug & Co.. p. 37. http://books.google.com/books?id=5sQYYO_JIXMC. Retrieved on 2009-01-06. (Norwegian)
- ^ "Kommunevåpen". Flags of the World. 5 July 2006. http://fotw.us/flags/no-06-02.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-06.
- ^ Søbstad, Per Ivar. "Kort oversikt over Drammens historie". History of Drammen. http://drammenshistorie.com/kort.shtml. Retrieved on 2006-12-07. (Norwegian)
- ^ Søbstad, Per Ivar. "Bybranner". History of Drammen. http://drammenshistorie.com/bybranner.shtml. Retrieved on 2006-12-07. (Norwegian)
- ^ Statistics Norway (1 January 2006). Urban settlements. Population and area, by municipality. http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/02/01/10/beftett_en/tab-2007-06-07-01-en.html.
- ^ Søbstad, Per Ivar. "Bydeler i Drammen". History of Drammen. http://drammenshistorie.com/bydeler.shtml. Retrieved on 2006-12-07. (Norwegian)
- ^ "About the preservation of the Øvre Sund area". http://www.ovresund.no/.
- ^ "City of Drammen". OsloRegion.org. http://www.osloregion.org/english/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=19&Itemid=47. Retrieved on 2009-01-06.
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