Janet Gaynor
| Janet Gaynor | |
|---|---|
 in A Star Is Born (1937) |
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| Born | Laura Augusta Gainor October 6, 1906 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States |
| Died | September 14, 1984 (aged 77) Palm Springs, California, United States |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1924–1981 |
| Spouse | Jesse Lydell Peck (1929-1933) Adrian (1939-1959) Paul Gregory (1964-1984) |
Janet Gaynor (October 6, 1906 – September 14, 1984) was an American actress [1] and painter.
One of the most popular actresses of the silent film era, in 1928 Gaynor became the first winner of the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performances in three films: Seventh Heaven (1927), Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans (1927) and Street Angel (1928). This was the only occasion on which an actress has won for successive film roles. This rule would be changed three years later by AMPAS. Her career as the primary actress of Fox Studios continued with the advent of sound film, and she achieved a notable success in the original version of A Star Is Born (1937).
She chose to work only occasionally after her marriage to film costume designer Adrian in 1939. Severely injured in a 1982 vehicle collision, the incident contributed to her death two years later.
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[edit] Early life
Born Laura Augusta Gainor in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, her family moved west to San Francisco during her childhood. When she graduated from high school in 1923, Gaynor decided to pursue an acting career. She moved to Los Angeles, where she supported herself working in a shoe store, receiving $18 per week (2009: $230).
She managed to land unbilled small parts in several feature films and comedy shorts for two years. Finally, in 1926, at the age of 20, she was cast in the lead role in The Johnstown Flood (1926), the same year she was selected as one of the WAMPAS Baby Stars (with Joan Crawford, Dolores del Río and others). Her outstanding performance won her the attention of producers, who cast her in a series of films.
[edit] Rising career
Standing 5'0" tall, Gaynor was one of Hollywood's leading ladies within a year. Her performances in Seventh Heaven (the first of twelve movies she would make with actor Charles Farrell) and both Sunrise, directed by F. W. Murnau, and Street Angel (in 1927, also with Charles Farrell) earned her the first Academy Award for Best Actress in 1928. At the time, the award was awarded for multiple roles: it was given on the basis of the actor's total work over the year, and not just for one particular performance. Gaynor was not only the first, but until 1986 (when Marlee Matlin won her Oscar), she was also the youngest actress to win an Academy Award for Best Actress. At the time of their respective wins, Gaynor was 22 years old and Matlin was 21 years old.
Gaynor was one of only a handful of leading ladies who made a successful transition to sound films. For a number of years, Gaynor was the Fox studios foremost actress and was given the choice of prime roles, starring in such films as Sunny Side Up (1929), Delicious (1931), Merely Mary Ann (also 1931), and Adorable (1933), as well as State Fair (1933) with Will Rogers and The Farmer Takes a Wife (1935), which introduced Henry Fonda to the screen as Gaynor's leading man. However, when Darryl F. Zanuck merged his fledgling studio, 20th Century Pictures, with Fox Film Corporation to form Twentieth Century Fox, her status became precarious and even tertiary to that of actresses Loretta Young and Shirley Temple, although she always received top billing in every movie that she made during the 1930s, including Ladies in Love (1937) with Constance Bennett, Young, and Tyrone Power. She managed to terminate her contract with the studio and achieved acclaim in films produced by David O. Selznick in the mid-1930s.
In 1937, she was again nominated for an Academy Award, this time for her role in A Star Is Born. After appearing in The Young in Heart with Paulette Goddard the following year, she left the film industry for nearly twenty years at the age of 32 in order to travel with her husband Adrian, returning one last time in 1957 as Pat Boone's mother in Bernadine.
In 1939, she played Baroness Mary Vetsera in the Lux Radio Theater episode of January 1, 1939 - "Mayerling."
[edit] Later life and death
Gaynor was married to producer Paul Gregory from December 24, 1964 to her death on September 14, 1984. Previous marriages were to Jesse Lydell Peck from September 11, 1929 to April 7, 1933, and to MGM costume designer Adrian from August 14, 1939 to his death on September 13, 1959. Gaynor had one son with Adrian, Robin Gaynor Adrian, born in 1940. In addition to acting, Gaynor was an accomplished visual artist and her oil paintings were featured at the Wally Findlay Galleries show in New York, March 25 to April 7, 1977.
Gaynor was close friends with actress Mary Martin, with whom she frequently travelled. A Brazilian press report noted that Gaynor and Martin briefly lived with their respective husbands in the state of Goiás in the 1950s and 1960s.[2]
She died on September 14, 1984, at the age of 77, due largely to the aftermath of a traffic accident in San Francisco two years earlier;[3] specifically, her death resulted from complications following several operations. In the accident, a driver named Robert Cato ran a red light at the corner of California Street and Franklin and crashed into her Luxor taxicab. The crash killed Mary Martin's manager Ben Washer and injured the other passengers, including Gaynor's husband Paul Gregory, as well as her close, long-time friend, Mary Martin. Gaynor was in serious condition with eleven broken ribs, a fractured collarbone, pelvic fractures, an injured bladder and a damaged kidney.[3][4] The drunk driver of the van, Robert Cato, was sentenced to a three-year prison term for drunken driving and vehicular manslaughter in the accident.
She was interred in the Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Hollywood, California next to her second husband Adrian, but her stone reads "Janet Gaynor Gregory," her legal name after her marriage to her third husband, producer and director Paul Gregory.[5] Her star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame can be found at 6284 Hollywood Blvd.
[edit] Filmography
[edit] Features
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1924 | Cupid's Rustler | uncredited | |
| Young Ideas | uncredited | ||
| 1925 | Dangerous Innocence | uncredited | |
| The Burning Trail | uncredited | ||
| The Teaser | uncredited | ||
| The Plastic Age | uncredited | ||
| 1926 | A Punch in the Nose | Bathing Beauty | uncredited |
| The Beautiful Cheat | uncredited | ||
| The Johnstown Flood | Anna Burger | ||
| Oh What a Nurse! | uncredited | ||
| Skinner's Dress Suit | uncredited | ||
| The Shamrock Handicap | Lady Sheila O'Hara | ||
| The Galloping Cowboy | uncredited | ||
| The Man in the Saddle | uncredited | ||
| The Blue Eagle | Rose Kelly | ||
| The Midnight Kiss | Mildred Hastings | ||
| The Return of Peter Grimm | Catherine | ||
| Lazy Lightning | uncredited | ||
| The Stolen Ranch | uncredited | ||
| 1927 | Two Girls Wanted | Marianna Wright | |
| Seventh Heaven | Diane | Academy Award for Best Actress | |
| Sunrise | The Wife - Indre | ||
| 1928 | Street Angel | Angela | |
| 4 Devils | Marion | lost film | |
| 1929 | Lucky Star | Mary Tucker | |
| Happy Days | Herself | ||
| Christina | Christina | ||
| Sunny Side Up | Mary Carr | ||
| 1930 | High Society Blues | Eleanor Divine | |
| 1931 | The Man Who Came Back | Angie Randolph | |
| Daddy Long Legs | Judy Abbott | ||
| Merely Mary Ann | Mary Ann | ||
| Delicious | Heather Gordon | ||
| 1932 | The First Year | Grace Livingston | |
| Tess of the Storm Country | Tess Howland | ||
| 1933 | State Fair | Margy Frake | |
| Adorable | Princess Marie Christine, aka Mitzi | ||
| Paddy the Next Best Thing | Paddy Adair | ||
| 1934 | Carolina | Joanna Tate | |
| The Cardboard City | Herself | Cameo | |
| Change of Heart | Catherine Furness | ||
| Servants' Entrance | Hedda Nilsson aka Helga Brand | ||
| 1935 | One More Spring | Elizabeth Cheney | |
| The Farmer Takes a Wife | Molly Larkins | ||
| 1936 | Small Town Girl | Katherine 'Kay' Brannan | |
| Ladies in Love | Martha Kerenye | ||
| 1937 | A Star Is Born | Esther Victoria Blodgett, aka Vicki Lester | Nominated - Academy Award for Best Actress |
| 1938 | Three Loves Has Nancy | Nancy Briggs | |
| The Young in Heart | George-Anne Carleton | ||
| 1957 | Bernardine | Mrs. Ruth Wilson |
[edit] Short Subjects
| Year | Film | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1924 | All Wet | uncredited | |
| 1925 | The Haunted Honeymoon | uncredited | |
| The Crook Buster | uncredited | ||
| 1926 | WAMPAS Baby Stars of 1926 | Herself | |
| Ridin' for Love | uncredited | ||
| Fade Away Foster | uncredited | ||
| The Fire Barrier | uncredited | ||
| Don't Shoot | uncredited | ||
| Pep of the Lazy J | June Adams | uncredited | |
| Martin of the Mounted | uncredited | ||
| 45 Minutes from Hollywood | uncredited | ||
| 1927 | The Horse Trader | uncredited | |
| 1941 | Meet the Stars #2: Baby Stars | Herself |
[edit] References
- ^ Obituary Variety, September 19, 1984.
- ^ Glamour americano decorou o cerrado Correio Braziliense. 8 April 2003.
- ^ a b "Janet Gaynor, Oscar Winning Star". Philadelphia Inquirer. September 15, 1984. "Janet Gaynor, 77, the first actress to win an Academy Award, died yesterday at Desert Hospital in Palm Springs, Calif. Her physician, Bart Apfelbaum, said that injuries she suffered in a September 1982 traffic accident in San Francisco had caused her death. The actress had sustained 11 broken ribs, a severely fractured pelvis and extensive abdominal injuries. Miss Gaynor, who specialized in sentimental portrayals of vulnerable women, met with almost instant success in Hollywood."
- ^ "Hospitalized". Time (magazine). September 20, 1982. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,950804,00.html. Retrieved 2008-06-25. "Janet Gaynor, 73, winner of the first Oscar for Best Actress (1929), in serious condition with eleven broken ribs, a fractured collarbone, pelvic fractures, an injured bladder and a damaged kidney; and Mary Martin, 68, star of Broadway's original South Pacific and TV's first Peter Pan, in good condition with two fractured ribs, a fractured pelvis and a punctured lung; after a vehicular accident; in San Francisco. Gaynor and her husband Paul Gregory, 61, and Martin and her press agent, Ben Washer, 76, were riding in a taxi when they were struck broadside by a van. Washer was killed. Gregory is in good condition."
- ^ Social Security Death Index, entry for Janet Gregory, SSN 570-03-7623.
[edit] Further reading
- Baker, Sarah. Lucky Stars: Janet Gaynor and Charles Farrell. Georgia: Bear Manor Media, 2009. ISBN 1593934688.
- Menefee, David W. The First Female Stars: Women of the Silent Era. Connecticut: Praeger, 2004. ISBN 0-275-98259-9.
- Martin, Mary. My Heart Belongs. New York: Quill, 1984.
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Janet Gaynor |
- Photographs of Janet Gaynor
- Lux Radio Theater (1936-52) in The Internet Archive's Old-Time Radio Collection
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