List of wars involving England
Appearance
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This is a list of wars involving the Kingdom of England before the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain by the Acts of Union 1707. For dates after 1708, see List of wars involving the United Kingdom.
10th and 11th centuries
Start | End | Name of conflict | Belligerents (excluding England) | Outcome | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allies | Enemies | ||||
927 | 937 | Æthelstan's invasion of Scotland | Various Kings of Wales | Scottish kings, Norse-Gaels | Stalemate |
946 | 954 | Northumbria's war of independence from vassalage | Earl of Bamburgh | Northumbria | Victory
|
1066 | 1088 | Norman Conquest of England | ![]() |
Defeat
| |
1067 | 1081 | Norman invasion of Wales | Welsh kingdoms | Defeat
| |
1096 | 1099 | First Crusade | Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of France Duchy of Apulia Byzantine Empire | Great Seljuq Empire Danishmends Fatimids Almoravids | Victory
|
12th century
Start | End | Name of conflict | Belligerents (excluding England) | Outcome | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allies | Enemies | ||||
1135 | 1154 | The Anarchy | Supporters of Stephen of Blois | Supporters of Empress Matilda and Henry Curtmantle | Treaty of Wallingford
|
1145 | 1149 | Second Crusade | Kingdom of England (Holy land Crusade)
Kingdom of Jerusalem (Holy land Crusade)
Kingdom of France (Iberian and Holy Land Crusade)
Holy Roman Empire (Wendish and Holy Land Crusade)
Kingdom of Portugal (Iberian Crusade)
Castile (Iberian Crusade)
County of Barcelona (Iberian Crusade)
León (Iberian Crusade)
Byzantine Empire (Holy land Crusade)
Kingdom of Denmark (Wendish Crusade)
Duchy of Poland (Wendish Crusade)
Kingdom of Sicily (Holy land Crusade) |
Sultanate of Rum (Holy Land Crusade)
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Victory
|
1173 | 1174 | Revolt of 1173–74 | ![]() |
English rebels Kingdom of France Kingdom of Scotland County of Flanders County of Boulogne Duchy of Brittany |
Treaty of Falaise
|
1189 | 1192 | Third Crusade | Kingdom of Jerusalem
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Ayyubids Zengids Sultanate of Rum Byzantine Empire | Treaty of Ramla
|
13th century
14th century
15th century
Start | End | Name of conflict | Belligerents (excluding England) | Outcome | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allies | Enemies | ||||
1400 | 1415 | Glyndŵr RisingPart of the Hundred Years' War | ![]() ![]() |
Total English victory | |
1455 | 1485 | Wars of the Roses | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Lancastrian victory, founding of the House of Tudor |
1470 | 1474 | Anglo-Hanseatic War | ![]() |
Hanseatic League | Defeat, Hanseatic victory |
1496 | 1498 | Italian War of 1494–1498 (1494–1498) |
League of Venice:
|
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Victory
|
1497 | 1497 | Cornish Rebellion of 1497 | Cornish rebels | English victory |
16th century
17th century
Start | End | Name of conflict | Belligerents (excluding England) | Outcome | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allies | Enemies | ||||
1602 | 1661 | Dutch-Portuguese War (1602–1661) | ![]() ![]() (until 1640) ![]() ![]() ![]() Kingdom of Ndongo |
![]() ![]() (until 1640) Kingdom of Cochin Potiguara Tupis |
Treaty of Hague
|
1625 | 1630 | Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630) | ![]() Support: |
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Status quo ante bellum
|
1627 | 1629 | Anglo-French War (1627–1629) | ![]() |
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French victory |
1639 | 1653 | Bishops' Wars (1639–1640) | ![]() ![]() |
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Covenanters defeat Scottish Royalists and England. |
1640 | 1668 | Portuguese Restoration War | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Victory
|
1641 | 1653 | Irish Confederate Wars | ![]() |
![]() (allied with Royalists 1648–1650) English and Scottish Royalists |
English Parliamentarian conquest of Ireland, defeat of Royalists and crushing of Irish Catholic power |
1642 | 1651 | English Civil War | Parliamentarians | Royalists | Parliamentarian victory
|
1652 | 1654 | First Anglo-Dutch War | ![]() |
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Victory |
1654 | 1660 | Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660) | ![]() ![]() |
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Victory |
1665 | 1667 | Second Anglo-Dutch War | ![]() ![]() |
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Defeat
|
1672 | 1674 | Third Anglo-Dutch War | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Defeat
|
1672 | 1678 | Franco-Dutch War | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Peace between France, England and the Dutch Republic:
|
1685 | 1685 | Monmouth Rebellion | ![]() |
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Victory for James II |
1686 | 1690 | Anglo-Mughal War | ![]() ![]() |
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Victory for the Mughal Empire, the EIC fined |
1687 | 1688 | Anglo-Siamese War | ![]() ![]() |
![]() (Unauthorised piracy by English sailors under Siamese employ) • ![]() |
Inconclusive. English factory rejected from Siam, after minor naval action, along with massacre in the aftermath: the war was not pursued. In 1688, a coup forced the closure of all official European trade in Siam for 150 years except for the Dutch. |
1688 | 1697 | Nine Years' War | Grand Alliance:![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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18th century
Start | End | Name of conflict | Belligerents (excluding England) | Outcome | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Allies | Enemies | ||||
1701 | 1714 | War of the Spanish Succession | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Kingdom of Portugal |
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|
List of civil wars
- Rebellion of 1088 – in England and Normandy
- The Anarchy (1135–54) – in England
- Revolt of 1173–74 – in England, Normandy, and Anjou
- First Barons' War (1215–17) – in England
- Second Barons' War (1264–67) – in England
- Welsh Uprising (1282) – in England and Wales
- Peasants' Revolt (1381) – in England
- Wars of the Roses (1455–1485) – in England and Wales; Richard III was the last English king to die in combat
- Cornish Rebellion of 1497 - in England
- Wars of the Three Kingdoms (1639–1651) – in England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland
- First Bishops' War (1639)
- Second Bishops' War (1640)
- Irish Rebellion of 1641
- First English Civil War (1642–46)
- The Confederates' War (1642–48)
- Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms (1644–47)
- Second English Civil War (1648)
- Third English Civil War (1650–51)
- Cromwellian conquest of Ireland (1649)
- Monmouth Rebellion (1685) – in England
- Jacobite Rebellions (1689–91; 1715–16; 1719; 1745–46) – in England, Scotland and Ireland
- Williamite War in Ireland (1688–91)
- Battle of the Boyne (1690) – last battle between two rival claimants for the throne
See also
- List of English civil wars
- List of wars in Great Britain
- Military history of England
- List of wars involving England and France
- List of wars involving the United Kingdom
References
- ^ Geoffrey Parker p. 73
Further reading
- Barnett, Correlli. Britain and her army, 1509-1970: a military, political and social survey (1970).
- Carlton, Charles. This Seat of Mars: War and the British Isles, 1485-1746 (Yale UP; 2011) 332 pages; studies the impact of near unceasing war from the individual to the national levels.
- Chandler, David G., and Ian Frederick William Beckett, eds. The Oxford history of the British army (Oxford UP, 2003).
- Cole, D. H and E. C Priestley. An outline of British military history, 1660-1936 (1936). online
- Higham, John, ed. A Guide to the Sources of British Military History (1971) 654 pages excerpt; Highly detailed bibliography and discussion up to 1970.
- Sheppard, Eric William. A short history of the British army (1950). online
Historiography
- Messenger, Charles, ed. Reader's Guide to Military History (2001) pp 55–74; annotated guide to most important books.