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| ordo = [[Fly|Diptera]]
| ordo = [[Fly|Diptera]]
| subordo = [[Brachycera]]
| subordo = [[Brachycera]]
| infraordo = [[Asilomorpha]] {{small|(but see text)}}
| infraordo = [[Asilomorpha]]
| superfamilia = '''Asiloidea'''
| superfamilia = '''Asiloidea'''
| superfamilia_authority =
| superfamilia_authority =
| subdivision_ranks = [[Family (biology)|Families]]
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision =
| subdivision =
10
11, see [[#Families|text]]
}}
}}


'''Asiloidea''' is a very large cosmopolitan [[Taxonomic rank|superfamily]] of [[Diptera]]. The former [[infraorder]] [[Asilomorpha]] is [[paraphyletic]] and thus not a natural group; as its [[type (biology)|type]] [[taxon]] the Asiloidea would still belong there in any case, but current knowledge of [[brachycera]]n relationships would make it [[monotypic]]: the [[Cyclorrhapha]] appear to be the closest known relatives of the Asiloidea.
'''Asiloidea''' is a very large [[Taxonomic rank|superfamily]] insects in the order [[fly|Diptera]], the true [[fly|flies]]. It has a [[cosmopolitan distribution]], occurring worldwide, with many species living in dry, sandy habitat types. It includes the family [[Bombyliidae]], the bee flies, which are [[parasitoid]]s, and the [[Asilidae]], the robber flies, which are predators of other insects. Members of the other families are mainly flower visitors as adults and predators as [[larva]]e.<ref name=el>El-Hawagry, M. S. A. (2011). [http://www.efflatounia.com/files/11-01.pdf Catalogue of Superfamily Asiloidea (Diptera: Brachycera) of Egypt.] ''Efflatounia'' 11, 1-190.</ref>


It is not entirely clear that this superfamily is [[monophyly|monophyletic]]: that all of its families share a common ancestor. It is closely related to the [[Empidoidea]] and the [[Cyclorrhapha]].<ref name=el/><ref>Trautwein, M. D., et al. (2010). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20399874 A multigene phylogeny of the fly superfamily Asiloidea (Insecta): Taxon sampling and additional genes reveal the sister-group to all higher flies (Cyclorrhapha). ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 56(3), 918-30.</ref>
Though the [[International Code of Zoological Nomenclature|ICZN]] does not regulate taxa higher than [[superfamilies]], two approaches to deal with the problem are possible: either the Asilomorpha are abandoned, and the Asiloidea are treated as a member of the [[basal (evolution)|basal]] (i.e. non-Cyclorrhapha) radiation of Brachycera. On the other hand, it might be even more practical to synonymize the Asiloidea with the Asilomorpha and place the asiloid families in the infraorder directly, following the example of the [[Tabanomorpha]].
[[Image:Robber fly head.jpg|thumb|left|A [[Asilidae|robber fly]] illustrating typical Asiloidea head features]]
[[Image:Robber fly head.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A [[Asilidae|robber fly]] illustrating typical Asiloidea head features]]


==Families==
==Families==
Many authors accept ten families:<ref name=el/>
Living families of Asiloidea are:

* [[Apioceridae]] – flower-loving flies
* [[Apioceridae]] – flower-loving flies
* [[Apsilocephalidae]]
* [[Apsilocephalidae]]
* [[Apystomyiidae]]
* [[Asilidae]] – robber flies
* [[Asilidae]] – robber flies
* [[Bombyliidae]] – bee flies
* [[Bombyliidae]] – bee flies
⚫
* [[Evocoidae]]
* [[Hilarimorphidae]]
* [[Hilarimorphidae]]
* [[Mydidae]] – mydas flies
* [[Mydidae]] – mydas flies
* [[Mythicomyiidae]]
* [[Mythicomyiidae]]
⚫
* [[Evocoidae]] - Ocoa Flies
* [[Scenopinidae]] – window flies
* [[Scenopinidae]] – window flies
* [[Therevidae]] – stiletto flies
* [[Therevidae]] – stiletto flies


The [[Protapioceridae]], a family of [[extinction|extinct]] flies that were native to [[China]], is also classified in the Asiloidea.<ref>Zhang, K., et al. (2007). [http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2007f/z01530p032f.pdf Notes on the extinct family Protapioceridae, with description of a new species from China (Insecta: Diptera: Asiloidea).] ''Zootaxa'' 1530, 27-32.</ref>
An [[extinct]] family from the [[Mesozoic]] are the [[Protapioceridae]].<!-- Zootaxa 1530: 27 -->


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Unreferenced|date=March 2009}}


{{commonscat-inline}}
{{commonscat-inline}}

Revision as of 03:41, 10 October 2013

Asiloidea
Robber fly (Asilidae) with beetle prey
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Diptera
Suborder:
Brachycera
Infraorder:
Asilomorpha
Superfamily:
Asiloidea
Families

10

Asiloidea is a very large superfamily insects in the order Diptera, the true flies. It has a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring worldwide, with many species living in dry, sandy habitat types. It includes the family Bombyliidae, the bee flies, which are parasitoids, and the Asilidae, the robber flies, which are predators of other insects. Members of the other families are mainly flower visitors as adults and predators as larvae.[1]

It is not entirely clear that this superfamily is monophyletic: that all of its families share a common ancestor. It is closely related to the Empidoidea and the Cyclorrhapha.[1][2]

A robber fly illustrating typical Asiloidea head features

Families

Many authors accept ten families:[1]

The Protapioceridae, a family of extinct flies that were native to China, is also classified in the Asiloidea.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b c El-Hawagry, M. S. A. (2011). Catalogue of Superfamily Asiloidea (Diptera: Brachycera) of Egypt. Efflatounia 11, 1-190.
  2. ^ Trautwein, M. D., et al. (2010). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20399874 A multigene phylogeny of the fly superfamily Asiloidea (Insecta): Taxon sampling and additional genes reveal the sister-group to all higher flies (Cyclorrhapha). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56(3), 918-30.
  3. ^ Zhang, K., et al. (2007). Notes on the extinct family Protapioceridae, with description of a new species from China (Insecta: Diptera: Asiloidea). Zootaxa 1530, 27-32.

Media related to Asiloidea at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Asiloidea at Wikispecies

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