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{{about|the Kurdish variety|the Northeast Caucasian language|Lak language}}
{{about|the Lurish variety|the Northeast Caucasian language|Lak language}}
{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name = Laki
|name = Laki
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|fam3=[[Iranian languages|Iranian]]
|fam3=[[Iranian languages|Iranian]]
|fam4=[[Western Iranian languages|Western Iranian]]
|fam4=[[Western Iranian languages|Western Iranian]]
|fam5=[[Lurish language|Lurish]]
|fam5=[[Northwestern Iranian languages|Northwestern Iranian]]
|fam6=[[Kurdish languages|Kurdish]]
|fam7=[[Southern Kurdish]]
|iso3=lki
|iso3=lki
|glotto=laki1244
|glotto=laki1244
|glottorefname=Laki
|glottorefname=Laki
|lingua=58-AAC-aac
|lingua=58-AAC-aac
|map=LurishLanguageMap.png
|map = Kurdish languages map.svg
|mapcaption=Luri languages. (Note: Iraqi distribution corresponds to that of Southern Kurdish.)
|mapcaption = Geographic distribution of Kurdish and other Iranian languages spoken by Kurds
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{{legend|#ef6662|[[Northern Kurdish]]}}
{{legend|#c63143|[[Central Kurdish]]}}
{{legend|#8c3143|[[Southern Kurdish]]}}
{{col-break}}
{{legend|#ffd700|[[Zaza language|Zaza]]}}
{{legend|#ff8c00|[[Gorani language|Gorani]]}}
{{legend|#b3d423|mixed areas}}
{{col-end}}
}}
}}


'''Laki'''<ref>[http://www.kurdishacademy.org/?q=node/45 Laki - Kurdish Academy of language]</ref>({{lang|sdh|لەکی}}; ''{{lang|sdh|Lekî}}'') is considered a dialect of [[Southern Kurdish]].<ref>Windfuhr, G. (2009). The Iranian Languages, Routledge, p. 587</ref><ref>Rüdiger Schmitt: Die iranischen Sprachen in Gegenwart und Geschichte. Wiesbaden (Reichert) 2000.</ref><ref>Rüdiger Schmitt (Hg.): Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum. Wiesbaden (Reichert) 1989.</ref><ref>V. Minorsky, "Lak", Encyclopaedia of Islam.</ref> [[Lexical similarity]] with Khorramabadi Luristani is 78%, with [[Persian language|Iranian Persian]] is 70%, and with [[Northern Luri]] is 69%.<ref name="e18"/>{{Better source|date=December 2015}}
'''Laki'''({{lang|sdh|لەکی}}; ''{{lang|sdh|Lekî}}'') is considered a dialect of [[Lurish language|Lurish language]].<ref>B. Grimes, (ed.), Luri, in Ethnologues (۱۳th edition), Dallas 1996, p.677</ref><ref>Anonby, Erik John, [http://anonby.balafon.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/laki-article-typset.pdf Kurdish or Luri?] Laki’s disputed identity in the Luristan province. بازدید: آوریل ۲۰۰۹. (پی‌دی‌اف)</ref><ref>ایزدپناه، ح. : فرهنگ لکی، موسسه فرهنگی جهانگیری، تهران ۱۳۶۷خ، ص ده (مقدمه).</ref><ref>نقل منابع از ایزدپناه، ح. : فرهنگ لکی، موسسه فرهنگی جهانگیری، تهران ۱۳۶۷خ، ص ۱۱</ref>Due to significant similarities and interrelationships between [[Lurs|Lurish]] and [[Kurds|Kurdish]] communities, some authors classified Laki and even total [[Lurish language|Lurish]] as a [[Kurdish language]] branch <ref>Windfuhr, G. (2009). The Iranian Languages, Routledge, p. 587</ref><ref>Rüdiger Schmitt: Die iranischen Sprachen in Gegenwart und Geschichte. Wiesbaden (Reichert) 2000.</ref><ref>Rüdiger Schmitt (Hg.): Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum. Wiesbaden (Reichert) 1989.</ref><ref>V. Minorsky, "Lak", Encyclopaedia of Islam.</ref> [[Lexical similarity]] with Khorramabadi Luristani is 78%, with [[Persian language|Iranian Persian]] is 70%, and with [[Northern Luri]] is 69%.<ref name="e18"/>{{Better source|date=December 2015}}

⚫
== Native speakers ==


⚫
==Native speakers==
Laki is spoken in the central [[Zagros]] region of [[Iran]] (provinces of [[Lorestan]], [[Kermanshah]], [[Ilam Province|Ilam]], and in much smaller numbers in [[Qazvin]], [[Hamedan]], and [[Khuzestan]]). Laki speakers dominate southeastern Kermanshah, and northern Lorestan, and small portion of western Ilam. This area is known as Lakestan, cities such as Harsin, Kuhdasht, Sahnah, Noorabad, Nahavand and Borujerd are dominated by Laks.
Laki is spoken in the central [[Zagros]] region of [[Iran]] (provinces of [[Lorestan]], [[Kermanshah]], [[Ilam Province|Ilam]], and in much smaller numbers in [[Qazvin]], [[Hamedan]], and [[Khuzestan]]). Laki speakers dominate southeastern Kermanshah, and northern Lorestan, and small portion of western Ilam. This area is known as Lakestan, cities such as Harsin, Kuhdasht, Sahnah, Noorabad, Nahavand and Borujerd are dominated by Laks.
[[File:Iranian-languages-map.jpg|thumbnail|300px|Iranian languages]]


==Comparison between Laki and some other Kurdish varieties==
==Comparison between Laki and some other Lurish varieties==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! [[Feyli (Kurdish dialect)|Feyli]] || [[Southern Kurdish|Kelhuri]] || [[Central Kurdish]] || [[Northern Kurdish]] || Laki || [[Hawrami]] || English
|-
|-
! Laki ||South Lurish ||Minjai || Bakhtiari||English||Perian || Persian transcription
|| wehar || wehar||behar, wehar||behar, bihar||wehar, vihar||wehar||spring
|-
|-
| berd/kıçık ||berd/kuçuk|| berd ||berd ||stone||سنگ || sang
||tawsan||tawsan||hawîn, tawsan||havîn||tawsan||hamîn||summer
|-
|-
|sē|| sē|| sē/sia || šé/sē ||black||سیاه|| siyah
||payîz||payîz||payîz||payîz||payîz||payîz||autumn
|-
|-
| čem|| tye || češ ||ti/tye||eye||چشم || chashm
||waran||waran||baran, werişt||baran||varan, waran, veşt||waran, weşt||rain
|-
|-
|| çaw||çaw||çaw||çav||çem||çem||eye
| da/daleke || da/dey|| da/daleke ||da||mother||مادر || maadar
|-
|-
|| dut||dut||kiç||keç, dot||dit, afiret||kinaçê||girl
| pet|| nuft || pet||nuft||nose||بینی || bini
|-
|-
|| kurr||kurr||kurr||kurr||kurr||kurr||boy
| verza|| verza || verza ||verza||bull|| گاونر || gāve nar
|-
|-
| manga || maga || maga ||maga||cow||گاو ماده || gave made
|| gurdalle||gurdalle||gurçîle||gurçik||gurdalle||wellk||kidney
|-
|-
| jejŭle || cilé/cŭlé || jejŭ/jejŭle ||čŭlé||Porcupine||تشی || tashi
||rêwêar||rêwêar||rêbwar||rêbwar, rêwî||rêvêar||rawyar||wayfarer
|-
|-
| agır/awır || teš || agır/teš||teš/agır||fire||آتش || aatash
||minall||minall||minall, mindall||zarok||ayîl||zarolle||child
|-
|-
| bìlam || bēlum || bílam ||bēlum||let me||به من اجازه بده || be man ejaze bedeh
||xwem||xwem||xom||(ez) bi xwe||wijim||wêm||myself
|-
||minîş||minîş||minîş||ez jî / min jî||minîş||minîç||me too
|-
||keftin||keftin||kewtin||ketin||ketin||kewtey||to fall
|-
||xistin||xistin||hawêştin||avêtin||aîtin, aîştin||-||to throw
|-
||(mi) hati<u>m</u>||(mi) hati<u>m</u>||(min) hati<u>m</u>||ez hati<u>m</u>||(mi) heti<u>m</u>||-||<u>I</u> came
|-
||(mi) xwe<u>m</u>/xweri<u>m</u>||(mi) xwe<u>m</u>/dixwi<u>m</u>||(min) exwe<u>m</u>/dexo<u>m</u>||ez dixwi<u>m</u> ||(mi) meri<u>m</u>/mexwi<u>m</u>||min meweru||<u>I</u> eat
|-
||(mi) nan xwardi<u>m</u>||(mi) nan xwardi<u>m</u>||(min) nani<u>m</u> xward||<u>min</u> nan xuard ||(mi) nani<u>m</u> hward||-|| <u>I</u> ate the meal
|-
||(mi) nan xwe<u>m</u>||(mi) nan xwe<u>m</u>||(min) nan dexwi<u>m</u>||ez nanê di xwu<u>m</u> ||(mi) nane meri<u>m</u>/mexwi<u>m</u>||-|| <u>I</u> am eating the meal
|-
||(mi) nan xwardisi<u>m</u>||(mi) na xwardêa<u>m</u>||(min) nani<u>m</u> dexward||<u>min</u> nan di xuard ||(mi) nan<u>m</u>e mehward||-|| <u>I</u> was eating the meal
|-
||(mi) hati<u>m</u>e||(mi) hati<u>m</u>e||(min) hatû<u>m</u>e||ez hati<u>m</u>e ||(mi) heti<u>m</u>e||-||<u>I</u> have come
|-
||(mi) hatoî<u>m</u>||(mi) hatoî<u>m</u>||(min) hatibû<u>m</u>||ez hatibû<u>m</u> ||(mi) hetoî<u>m</u>||-||<u>I</u> had come
|-
|}

==Laki colors==
{| class="wikitable"

! Laki || [[Zaza language|Zaza]] || [[Northern Kurdish]] || [[Central Kurdish]] || English
|-

|| ispê, çermê || sipî || sipî || spî || white
|-
|-
|| reş, sê || sîya || reş || reş || black
| kur || kur || kur||kur||son/boy||پسر || pesar
|-
|-
|| kaû || kiho, kewe || şîn|| şîn, kewe || blue
| dōt || duwer/dōder || duxter||dōder||daughter||دختر || dokhtar
|-
|-
|| sor || sûr || sor|| sûr || red
| piayēl || piayel || piaya||piayel||men||مردها ||mardha
|-
|-
|| suz || sewz, kesk, kewe || kesk || sewz || green
| jenēl || zenel || zenia||zenel||women||زنها || zanha
|-
|-
|| hoîl, qehveyî || qehweyî || qehweyî || qaweyî || brown
| mezg|| mezg || mezg ||mezg||brain||مغز || maghz
|-
|-
| pıšì||gulŭ || pıšì/gulŭ ||gulŭ||cat||گربه|| gorbeh
|| xakî-bur || gewr, bor || gewr || bor || gray
|-
|-
|| zerd || zerd || zer || zerd || yellow
| gemal|| kutŭ/seg|| gemal/sey||kutŭ||dog||سگ|| sag
|-
|-
| bet|| bet|| bet||bet||duck||مرغابی|| morghabi
|}
|}


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==See also==
==See also==
* [[Jalilavand]]
*[[Lurish language]]
*[[Jalilvand]]


==References==
==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Laki Language}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Laki Language}}
[[Category:Languages of Iran]]
[[Category:Languages of Iran]]
[[Category:Kurdish language]]
[[Category:Lurish language]]




Revision as of 08:05, 18 December 2015

This article is about the Lurish variety. For the Northeast Caucasian language, see Lak language.
Laki
Lekî
لەکی
Native toIran
RegionCentral Zagros
EthnicityLaks
Native speakers
1 million (2000)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3lki
Glottologlaki1244
Linguasphere58-AAC-aac
Luri languages. (Note: Iraqi distribution corresponds to that of Southern Kurdish.)

Laki(لەکی; Lekî) is considered a dialect of Lurish language.[2][3][4][5]Due to significant similarities and interrelationships between Lurish and Kurdish communities, some authors classified Laki and even total Lurish as a Kurdish language branch [6][7][8][9] Lexical similarity with Khorramabadi Luristani is 78%, with Iranian Persian is 70%, and with Northern Luri is 69%.[1][better source needed]

Native speakers

Laki is spoken in the central Zagros region of Iran (provinces of Lorestan, Kermanshah, Ilam, and in much smaller numbers in Qazvin, Hamedan, and Khuzestan). Laki speakers dominate southeastern Kermanshah, and northern Lorestan, and small portion of western Ilam. This area is known as Lakestan, cities such as Harsin, Kuhdasht, Sahnah, Noorabad, Nahavand and Borujerd are dominated by Laks.

File:Iranian-languages-map.jpg
Iranian languages

Comparison between Laki and some other Lurish varieties

Laki South Lurish Minjai Bakhtiari English Perian Persian transcription
berd/kıçık berd/kuçuk berd berd stone سنگ sang
sē sē sē/sia šé/sē black سیاه siyah
čem tye češ ti/tye eye چشم chashm
da/daleke da/dey da/daleke da mother مادر maadar
pet nuft pet nuft nose بینی bini
verza verza verza verza bull گاونر gāve nar
manga maga maga maga cow گاو ماده gave made
jejŭle cilé/cŭlé jejŭ/jejŭle čŭlé Porcupine تشی tashi
agır/awır teš agır/teš teš/agır fire آتش aatash
bìlam bēlum bílam bēlum let me به من اجازه بده be man ejaze bedeh
kur kur kur kur son/boy پسر pesar
dōt duwer/dōder duxter dōder daughter دختر dokhtar
piayēl piayel piaya piayel men مردها mardha
jenēl zenel zenia zenel women زنها zanha
mezg mezg mezg mezg brain مغز maghz
pıšì gulŭ pıšì/gulŭ gulŭ cat گربه gorbeh
gemal kutŭ/seg gemal/sey kutŭ dog سگ sag
bet bet bet bet duck مرغابی morghabi

Laki calendar

Mangê lekî
  pence
  mêrêan
  gakûr
  agranî
  mirdar
  male jêr
  male jêr domaêne
  tül tekin
  mange sêe
  niwrûj
  xake lêe
  mang êd

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Laki at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ B. Grimes, (ed.), Luri, in Ethnologues (۱۳th edition), Dallas 1996, p.677
  3. ^ Anonby, Erik John, Kurdish or Luri? Laki’s disputed identity in the Luristan province. بازدید: آوریل ۲۰۰۹. (پی‌دی‌اف)
  4. ^ ایزدپناه، ح. : فرهنگ لکی، موسسه فرهنگی جهانگیری، تهران ۱۳۶۷خ، ص ده (مقدمه).
  5. ^ نقل منابع از ایزدپناه، ح. : فرهنگ لکی، موسسه فرهنگی جهانگیری، تهران ۱۳۶۷خ، ص ۱۱
  6. ^ Windfuhr, G. (2009). The Iranian Languages, Routledge, p. 587
  7. ^ Rüdiger Schmitt: Die iranischen Sprachen in Gegenwart und Geschichte. Wiesbaden (Reichert) 2000.
  8. ^ Rüdiger Schmitt (Hg.): Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum. Wiesbaden (Reichert) 1989.
  9. ^ V. Minorsky, "Lak", Encyclopaedia of Islam.
Laki test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator


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