Marehan: Difference between revisions
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***Reer Allamagan Diini |
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*** Reer Qaliif Diini ( Qaliif Gawracane ) |
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*** Reer Shirwac Diini |
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*** Reer Faarax Diini |
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== Notable people == |
== Notable people == |
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Revision as of 05:04, 12 August 2022
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| Languages | |
| Somali | |
| Religion | |
| Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Dhulbahante, Warsangeli, Majeerten, Lelkase and other Darod groups. |
The Marehan (Somali: Mareexaan, Arabic: مريحان, (Marehan) Is a Somali clan, part of one of the largest Somali clan families the Darod.[1][2][3] The clan is one of the largest constituent sub-clans of the Darod. The majority of the Marehan live in the Jubaland in southern Somalia, as well as the Galguduud and Mudug regions in central Somalia, the Somali region of Ethiopia, the North Eastern Province of Kenya.
Overview
One of the earliest mentions of this Somali clan may be by the Jesuit Jerónimo Lobo, who attempted to enter Ethiopia by way of the Jubba River in 1624. He learned of an ethnic group known as the Maracatos, whom C.F. Beckingham identifies as the Marehan, and whom Lobo located in the approximate location of the Somali clan.[4]
Between the 17th and 18th centuries, the Marehan were reported to have lived in an area that extended from Bender Ziyade on the Gulf of Aden to beyond Ras el-Khail on the Indian Ocean, or much of northern Somalia.[5] Marehan are recorded as having played a significant role in Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi's campaigns against Ethiopia during the 16th century. The commander of the Somali forces and the closest deputy of the Imam was a Marehan commander, Garad Ahmed bin Hirabu. The Marehan along with the Habar Makadi/Makadur of the Gadabuursi;[6][7][8] helped push westward the enemies into the plains of Harar and farther, helping destabilize the highland Christian empire. Evident in these battles were the Somali archers, namely the Marehan and the Gerri archers, through whom al-Ghazi was able to defeat the numerically superior Ethiopian Army that consisted of 16,000 cavalry and more than 200,000 infantry.[9]
As early as 1650, the Marehan were recorded lived in Jubaland. Marehan also live NFD Kenya and Somali region of Ethiopia, Galgaduud , Somalia.
Groups
Jubba valley allience, is a political faction of the Somali Civil War. [10]
Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party, Is politacal ruling party also was the ruling party of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1976 to 1991.[11][12]
SNF, Was a political revolutionary movement and armed militia in Somalia.[13]
Clan tree
There is no clear agreement on the clan and sub-clan structures and many lineages are omitted. The following listing is taken from the World Bank's Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics from 2005 and the United Kingdom's Home Office publication, Somalia Assessment 2001.[14][15]
In the Marehan clan-family, component clans are divided into two uterine divisions Marehan In Jubaland, Galgaduud and Mudug Somalia the World Bank shows the following clan tree:[16] In the World Bank shows the following Marehan clan tree.
- Awsame
- Owrmidig
- Baalyeri
- Hodonbari
- Hodonbari
- Gaalshireedle
- Gashashoor
- Gaalshireedle
- Xasan
- Isaaq
- Isaaq
- Amaanreer
- Amaanreer
- Maxamed Amaanreer (Wagardhac)
- Cali Amaanreer (Hawraarsame)
- Talxe Amaanreer (Talxe)
- Radamiir Amaanreer
- Wagardhac
- Reer Gadiid
- Reer Wardheere
- Reer Allamagan
- Cumar Dheer
- Reer Afweyne
- Reer Rooble
- Reer Faahiye
- Reer Faatax
- Reer Qeyr
- Sirig
- Reer Ciise
- Siyaad Liiban
- Rubeec
- Radamiir
- WarWaa'Jecle
- WarWaa'Jecle
- Yacquub WarWaa'Jecle (Fiqi Yacquub)
- Ciise WarWaa'Jecle (Habar Ciise)
- Celi WarWaa'Jecle (Celi)
- Muuse WarWaa'Jecle
- Muuse WarWaa'Jecle
- Abaadir Muuse
- Maamasame Muuse
- Abaadir Muuse
- Daa'uud Abadir
- Soonfure Abaadir (Soonfure)
- Daa'uud
- Boqor Maxamed Daa'uud
- Boqor Maxamed Daa'uud
- Cali Maxamed (Cali Dheere)
- Cismaan Maxamed (Reer Cismaan)
- Yuusuf Maxamed (Reer Yuusuf)
- Axmed Maxamed
- Axmed Maxamed
- Ciis
- Ciis
- Mataan
- Mataan
- Reer Garaad
- Hiraabe Mataan
- Yuusuf Mataan
- Yuusuf mataan
- Nuur Yuusuf (Imam Nuur ibn Mujaahid) Ina Nur
- Xuseen Yuusuf
- Xuseen Yuusuf
- Bah Gareen
- Siyaad Xuseen ( Reer Siyaad Xuseen )
- Yabar Xuseen
- Khalaf Xuseen
- Bah Ismaacil
- Axmed Xuseen ( Reer Axmed )
- Cali Xuseen
- Bah Gareen
- Reer Siyaad Xuseen
- Reer Rooble Siyaad
- Reer Nuur Siyaad
- Reer Buraale
- Reer Saanyar
- Reer Faarax Siyaad
- Reer Tuur
- Reer Jimca Doon
- Reer Liiban Dalal
- Reer Cadaan
- Reer Qeyr
- Reer Odowaa
- Khalaf Xuseen
- Samatar Khalaf
- Ugaas Sharmaarke Khalaf
- Ugaas Sharmaarke
- Bah Dir
- Bah Abasguul
- Ugaas Guuleed
- Ugaas Guuleed
- Baho Guuleed
- Faarax Ugaas
- Faarax Ugaas
- Guleed Faarax
- Xersi Faarax
- Samantar Faarax
- Rooble Faarax
- Ugaas Diini Faarax (Reer Diini)
- Ugaas Diini
- Bah Ogaaden
- Reer Dalal
- Reer Xirsi
- Reer Maxmuud Guuled
- Bah Ogaaden
- Bah Dhulbahante
- Reer Allamagan Diini
- Reer Qaliif Diini ( Qaliif Gawracane )
- Bah Dhulbahante
- Bah Xawaadle
- Reer Ugaas Sharmake
- Reer Siyaad
- Reer Warsame
- Bah Daraandole
- Reer Kooshin
- Reer Nuur
- Reer Warfaa Diini
- Reer Shirwac Diini
- Reer Maxmuud Diini
- Reer Faarax Diini [17]
- Bah Xawaadle
Notable people
- Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo, 9th President of Somalia, Founder Nabad iyo Nolol party and Tayo party, Former Prime minister of Somalia.
Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo, 9th President of Somalia. - Mohamed Siad Bare, Former President of Somalia.
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- Abdiweli Sheikh Ahmed, Former Prime minister of Somalia.
- Mohamud Ali Magan, Somali Foreign Affairs, Consul General to United States Of America and Canada.
- Abdi Farah Shirdon Former Prime minister of Somalia.
- Mohamed Ali, Is the director for the Kismayo Regional Islamic Courts under the government of the Juba Valley Alliance.
- Abdiwahid Gonjeh Former Prime minister of Somalia.
- Abdirahman Jama Barre Vice President of Mohamed Ali Samater and 1st Deputy Prime Minister.
- Shire Jama Ahmed, Inventor of the Somali script.
- General Yusuf Osman Dhumal, Former Head Commander of Somali Military Forces.
- Farah Hussein Sharmarke, Philosopher, Poet.
- Omar Haji Massale, Former minister of defence of Somalia, Former Minister of Health of Somalia.
- Ahmed Abdullahi Gulleid, Columnist, Writer, and Researcher.
- Mohamed Hashi Abdi, Forme Vice President of Galmudug State of Somalia.
- Mohamed Said Samatar, Somali Architects and Strategist Designer, Founder of the SNF, Former of minister of defense of Somalia, Phd Holder.
- Emir Nur ibn Mujahid, Second Conqueror of Ethiopia and the Patron Saint of Harar was one of rulers of parts of the Horn of Africa.
- Fatimo Isaak Bihi, First Somali female ambassador, Ambassador to Geneva, Director of the African Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
- Khalif Farah Hayir, Young Somali Poet Creates Patriotic Poems as well as Poems Addressing Various Somali Social Issues.
- Ahmed Warsame, Head of the Somali Military Academy.
- Aden Ibrahim Aw Hirsi, Author, Politician – Former minister of planning of Jubaland state of Somalia.
- Abdullahi Anod, Former Head Commander of Somali Military Forces.
- Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale, Former minister of defence of Somalia, Head Jubba Valley Alliance.
- Abdulkadir Sheikh Dini, Former minister of defence of Somalia.
- Abdi Shire Warsame, Former Somali Ambassador to Kenya and China and Former Foreign Affairs State minister in Transitional National Government.
- Abdulahi Sheik Ismael Fara-Tag, Former Head of Jubba valley alliance, Member of sen of upper house in Somalia, Former Vice President Of Jubaland State of Somalia.
- Ahmed Mohamed Hassan, Member of the Pan-African Parliament.
- General Dr. Ali Nur
- General Mohammed Hashi ''Gaani'' Former Head Commander of Somali Military Forces, Former Head of SNF.
- Garad Ahmed bin Hirabu
- Ahmed Farah Ali ''Idaaja'' is a Somali literary scholar and publisher of written folklore.
- Mohamed Aden Sheikh, Premier Somali intellectual and former head of Somali Technological Development, Minister of Information, Minister of Education, Head of the Ideology Bureau SRRC.
- Abdulkadir Hersi Siyad ''Yamyam'' was a Somali poet and playwright.
- Ali Matan Hashi, First Somali Pilot, commander of Somali Airforce 1959–1978, Minister of Justice, Minister of Health, Somali Nationalist.
- Ahmed Sheikh Ali Ahmed, former President of Court of Appeal, Somali Democratic Republic.
References
- ^ "Somalia: Minorities and indigenous peoples". Minority Rights Group International. Retrieved 18 September 2019.
- ^ Lewis, Ioan M (1999). A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa. James Currey Publishers. p. 12. ISBN 9780852552803. Retrieved 18 September 2019.
- ^ Lewis, Ioan M (July 1959). "Clanship and Contract in Northern Somaliland". Africa: Journal of the International African Institute. 29 (3): 274–293. doi:10.2307/1157617. JSTOR 1157617. Retrieved 18 September 2019.
- ^ Jerónimo Lobo, The Itinerário of Jerónimo Lobo, translated by Donald M. Lockhart (London: Hakluyt Society, 1984), pp. 59,66
- ^ Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Part 12 by James Hastings, ISBN 0-7661-3687-6, pp. 490
- ^ Pankhurst, Richard (1961-01-01). An introduction to the economic history of Ethiopia, from early times to 1800. Lalibela House. p. 175.
- ^ ʻArabfaqīh, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn ʻAbd al-Qādir (2003-01-01). The conquest of Abyssinia: 16th century. Probably the Habar Makadur , as a footnote [I.M. Lewis]. Tsehai Publishers & Distributors. p. 27. ISBN 9780972317269.
- ^ Lewis, I.M. (1998). Peoples of the Horn of Africa: Somali, Afar and Saho. Red Sea Press. p. 25. ISBN 978-1569021040.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ Richard Pankhurst, An Introduction to the Economic History of Ethiopia, from Early Times to 1800
- ^ "Interview with Barre Adan Shire, chairman of the Juba Valley Alliance (JVA)". The New Humanitarian (in French). 2002-10-22. Retrieved 2022-05-28.
- ^ Sheik-Abdi, Abdi (1981). "Ideology and Leadership in Somalia". The Journal of Modern African Studies. 19 (1): 163–172. ISSN 0022-278X.
- ^ ""Nationalism Turned Inside Out"". MERIP. 1982-06-15. Retrieved 2022-05-28.
- ^ Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | Somalia: Information on the Somali National Front (SNF) since 1994". Refworld. Retrieved 2022-05-28.
- ^ Worldbank, Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics, January 2005, Appendix 2, Lineage Charts, p.55 Figure A-1
- ^ Country Information and Policy Unit, Home Office, Great Britain, Somalia Assessment 2001, Annex B: Somali Clan Structure Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine, p. 43
- ^ Worldbank, Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics, January 2005, Appendix 2, Lineage Charts, p.56 Figure A-2
- ^ Worldbank, Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics, January 2005, Appendix 2, Lineage Charts, p.57 Figure A-3