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'''Langah''' is a historical tribe and surname found in [[Balochistan]], [[Sindh]] and south [[Punjab]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Siddiqui |first1=Habibullah |title=Education in Sind: Past and Present |date=1987 |publisher=Institute of Sindhology, University of Sind |isbn=978-969-405-009-6 |page=130 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hmQdAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Panhwar |first1=M.H |title=Chronological Dictionary of Sindh (From Geological Times to 1539 A.D.) |date=1983 |publisher=Institute of Sindhology, University of Sind, Jamshoro |page=346 |url=https://archive.org/details/chronologicaldictionaryofsindh_201912/page/n499/mode/2up}}</ref> They are considered as [[Jat]]s<ref name="Bhatia 1987 p.24 ">{{cite book | last=Bhatia | first=S. | title=Social Change and Politics in Punjab, 1898-1910 | publisher=Enkay Publishers | year=1987 | isbn=978-81-85148-13-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnVuAAAAMAAJ | page=24 |quote= The Jats were divided into several tribes. In the Western plain (i.e. west of Lahore) excluding the salt range, and sub-montane tracts were to be found the Tahim, Butta, Langah, Sumra, Sipra and Hans.|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Wagha 1990 p. ">{{cite book | last=Wagha | first=A. | title=The Siraiki Language: Its Growth and Development | publisher=Dderawar Publications | year=1990 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IOljAAAAMAAJ|page=107 | quote= In the first quarter of the 16th century A.D. the Langah Jat rulers of Multan encouraged the Balochs to be settled in Derajat by granting Jageers in return for which they were to render as military service. }}</ref><ref name="Pakistan Historical Society 1995 p.167 ">{{cite journal | journal=Pakistan Historical Society | title=Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society | volume=43 | year=1995 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MPltAAAAMAAJ | page=167 | quote= ...Mahmūd-ul-Hasan Siddiqui has classified them as Jats.}}</ref><ref name="ProQuest p320">{{cite book | title=History of the Arghuns and Tarkhans of Sind (1507-1593): An Annotated Translation of the Relevant Parts of Mir Ma'sum's "Ta'rikh-i-Sind," with an Introduction and Appendices |author=Siddiqi, M. H.| via=ProQuest|date=1958|page=320 | url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2239750874 | quote= Origin of the Langahs...They are now classed as Jats |publisher=The University of Manchester|id={{ProQuest|2239750874}} }}</ref> or [[Rajput]].<ref name=qanungo/>
'''Langah''' is a historical tribe and surname found in [[Balochistan]], [[Sindh]] and south [[Punjab]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Siddiqui |first1=Habibullah |title=Education in Sind: Past and Present |date=1987 |publisher=Institute of Sindhology, University of Sind |isbn=978-969-405-009-6 |page=130 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hmQdAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Panhwar |first1=M.H |title=Chronological Dictionary of Sindh (From Geological Times to 1539 A.D.) |date=1983 |publisher=Institute of Sindhology, University of Sind, Jamshoro |page=346 |url=https://archive.org/details/chronologicaldictionaryofsindh_201912/page/n499/mode/2up}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Abdulla |first1=Ahmed |title=The Historical Background of Pakistan and Its People |date=1973 |publisher=Tanzeem Publishers |page=96 |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books/about/The_Historical_Background_of_Pakistan_an.html?id=pfQLAAAAIAAJ |language=en |quote=Among others are the Bhuttos, Bhattis, Lakha, Sahetas, Lohanas, Mohano, Dahars, Indhar, Chachar, Dhareja, Rathors, Dakhan, Langah etc. The Mohano tribe is spread over Makran, Sind and southern Punjab. They are also identified with the “Mallah’ of the Punjab and both have in common a sub-section called Manjari. All these old Sindhi tribes are known under the common nomenclature of Sammat.}}</ref> They are considered as [[Jat]]s<ref name="Bhatia 1987 p.24 ">{{cite book | last=Bhatia | first=S. | title=Social Change and Politics in Punjab, 1898-1910 | publisher=Enkay Publishers | year=1987 | isbn=978-81-85148-13-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnVuAAAAMAAJ | page=24 |quote= The Jats were divided into several tribes. In the Western plain (i.e. west of Lahore) excluding the salt range, and sub-montane tracts were to be found the Tahim, Butta, Langah, Sumra, Sipra and Hans.|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Wagha 1990 p. ">{{cite book | last=Wagha | first=A. | title=The Siraiki Language: Its Growth and Development | publisher=Dderawar Publications | year=1990 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IOljAAAAMAAJ|page=107 | quote= In the first quarter of the 16th century A.D. the Langah Jat rulers of Multan encouraged the Balochs to be settled in Derajat by granting Jageers in return for which they were to render as military service. }}</ref><ref name="Pakistan Historical Society 1995 p.167 ">{{cite journal | journal=Pakistan Historical Society | title=Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society | volume=43 | year=1995 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MPltAAAAMAAJ | page=167 | quote= ...Mahmūd-ul-Hasan Siddiqui has classified them as Jats.}}</ref><ref name="ProQuest p320">{{cite book | title=History of the Arghuns and Tarkhans of Sind (1507-1593): An Annotated Translation of the Relevant Parts of Mir Ma'sum's "Ta'rikh-i-Sind," with an Introduction and Appendices |author=Siddiqi, M. H.| via=ProQuest|date=1958|page=320 | url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2239750874 | quote= Origin of the Langahs...They are now classed as Jats |publisher=The University of Manchester|id={{ProQuest|2239750874}} }}</ref> or [[Rajput]].<ref name=qanungo/>


Langahs are mostly known for establishing the [[Langah Sultanate]], which ruled [[Multan]] and the surrounding regions in south Punjab from 1445 to 1540, before being overthrown by the [[Arghun]]s.<ref name=qanungo>{{Cite book |last1=Qanungo |first1=Kalika Ranjan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ue9tAAAAMAAJ&q=langah+sultanate |title=Sher Shah and His Times |last2=Kānūnago |first2=Kālikā Rañjana |date=1965 |publisher=Orient Longmans |page=286 |language=en |quote=Under the shadow of Rajput Langah dynasty of Multan...}}</ref>
Langahs are mostly known for establishing the [[Langah Sultanate]], which ruled [[Multan]] and the surrounding regions in south Punjab from 1445 to 1540, before being overthrown by the [[Arghun]]s.<ref name=qanungo>{{Cite book |last1=Qanungo |first1=Kalika Ranjan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ue9tAAAAMAAJ&q=langah+sultanate |title=Sher Shah and His Times |last2=Kānūnago |first2=Kālikā Rañjana |date=1965 |publisher=Orient Longmans |page=286 |language=en |quote=Under the shadow of Rajput Langah dynasty of Multan...}}</ref>

Revision as of 14:57, 28 July 2024

Not to be confused with Lango tribe or Langha (tribe).

Langah
لنگاہ
ReligionsIslam
LanguagesSindhi, Punjabi
Country Pakistan
RegionPunjab, Sindh
Feudal titleRai

Langah is a historical tribe and surname found in Balochistan, Sindh and south Punjab.[1][2][3] They are considered as Jats[4][5][6][7] or Rajput.[8]

Langahs are mostly known for establishing the Langah Sultanate, which ruled Multan and the surrounding regions in south Punjab from 1445 to 1540, before being overthrown by the Arghuns.[8]

The tribe continued to be an important power in the Multan region under their various chieftains. During Humayun's retreat, their chieftain Bakhshu Khan Langah controlled much of the forts around Multan. He provided 100 boats of grain to the retreating Mughal Army.[9] Later, Bakhshu led the Langah in rebellion against the Sur Empire establishing his independent rule over the Multan region. However, he was defeated by the Sur general, Haibat Khan.[10] During the reign of Akbar, a section of the Langah held the Pargana of Shor (Modern day Jhang district)[11] while Baskhshu Langah's son Sher Ali was the Shiqdar of Qasba Deesa.[12]

During British era, the Langah tribe still maintained a significant presence in the Multan district where they were considered a principal tribe, particularly at the confluence of the Chenab and Sutlej rivers.[13]

References

  1. ^ Siddiqui, Habibullah (1987). Education in Sind: Past and Present. Institute of Sindhology, University of Sind. p. 130. ISBN 978-969-405-009-6.
  2. ^ Panhwar, M.H (1983). Chronological Dictionary of Sindh (From Geological Times to 1539 A.D.). Institute of Sindhology, University of Sind, Jamshoro. p. 346.
  3. ^ Abdulla, Ahmed (1973). The Historical Background of Pakistan and Its People. Tanzeem Publishers. p. 96. Among others are the Bhuttos, Bhattis, Lakha, Sahetas, Lohanas, Mohano, Dahars, Indhar, Chachar, Dhareja, Rathors, Dakhan, Langah etc. The Mohano tribe is spread over Makran, Sind and southern Punjab. They are also identified with the "Mallah' of the Punjab and both have in common a sub-section called Manjari. All these old Sindhi tribes are known under the common nomenclature of Sammat.
  4. ^ Bhatia, S. (1987). Social Change and Politics in Punjab, 1898-1910. Enkay Publishers. p. 24. ISBN 978-81-85148-13-7. The Jats were divided into several tribes. In the Western plain (i.e. west of Lahore) excluding the salt range, and sub-montane tracts were to be found the Tahim, Butta, Langah, Sumra, Sipra and Hans.
  5. ^ Wagha, A. (1990). The Siraiki Language: Its Growth and Development. Dderawar Publications. p. 107. In the first quarter of the 16th century A.D. the Langah Jat rulers of Multan encouraged the Balochs to be settled in Derajat by granting Jageers in return for which they were to render as military service.
  6. ^ "Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society". Pakistan Historical Society. 43: 167. 1995. ...Mahmūd-ul-Hasan Siddiqui has classified them as Jats.
  7. ^ Siddiqi, M. H. (1958). History of the Arghuns and Tarkhans of Sind (1507-1593): An Annotated Translation of the Relevant Parts of Mir Ma'sum's "Ta'rikh-i-Sind," with an Introduction and Appendices. The University of Manchester. p. 320. ProQuest 2239750874 – via ProQuest. Origin of the Langahs...They are now classed as Jats
  8. ^ a b Qanungo, Kalika Ranjan; Kānūnago, Kālikā Rañjana (1965). Sher Shah and His Times. Orient Longmans. p. 286. Under the shadow of Rajput Langah dynasty of Multan...
  9. ^ Singh, Surinder (2022). Medieval Panjab in Transition. London: Routledge. p. 83. doi:10.4324/9781003302452. ISBN 978-1-003-30245-2. On his way to Bhakkar, he contacted Bakhshu Langah, who possessed numerous fortified places and a large number of boats. Humayun sent for him a banner, robe, horse and drum. Bakhshu Langah provided him a hundred boats loaded with grain, which was distributed among the Mughal soldiers.
  10. ^ Srivastava, A.L. (1964). The Mughal Empire, 1526-1803 A.D. Shiva Lal Agarwala. p. 93.
  11. ^ Ahmed, Iftikhar (1984). "TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION OF JATT CASTES IN PUNJAB c. 1595 - c. 1881". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 45. Indian History Congress: 432. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44140224.
  12. ^ Khan, A.R. (1977). Chieftains in the Mughal Empire During the Reign of Akbar. Indian Institute of Advanced Study. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-89684-376-9.
  13. ^ Roseberry, J.R. (1988). Imperial Rule in Punjab: The Conquest and Administration of Multan, 1818-1881. Vanguard. p. 177.
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