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'''Burgas''' (also transliterated as ''Bourgas''; {{lang-bg|Бургас}}) is the second-largest city on the [[Bulgarian Black Sea Coast]]. It is also the fourth-largest by population in the country, after [[Sofia]], [[Plovdiv]] and [[Varna]]. It is the capital of [[Burgas Province]] and an industrial and tourist centre.
'''Burgas''' (also transliterated as ''Bourgas''; {{lang-bg|Бургас}}) is the second-largest city on the [[Bulgarian Black Sea Coast]] with population 205,821 or 189 245. It is also the fourth-largest by population in the country, after [[Sofia]], [[Plovdiv]] and [[Varna]]. It is the capital of [[Burgas Province]] and an industrial and tourist centre.


Surrounded by the coastal [[Burgas Lakes]] and located at the westernmost point of the [[Black Sea]], the large [[Burgas Bay]], Burgas has the largest and most important Bulgarian port. Today, it is a key economic, cultural and tourist centre of southeastern Bulgaria, with the [[Burgas Airport]] serving the resorts of the southern Bulgarian coast.
Surrounded by the coastal [[Burgas Lakes]] and located at the westernmost point of the [[Black Sea]], the large [[Burgas Bay]], Burgas has the largest and most important Bulgarian port. Today, it is a key economic, cultural and tourist centre of southeastern Bulgaria, with the [[Burgas Airport]] serving the resorts of the southern Bulgarian coast.

Burgas is being threatened by considerable air pollution from the nearby Lukoil Neftohim[http://forum.segabg.com/topic.asp?topic_id=73059&S=1][http://www.travelotica.com/travelguide/21163/bulgaria/stara-zagora/index.htm] and other industial factories[http://standartnews.com/bg/article.php?d=2007-03-06&article=180890][http://www.segabg.com/online/article.asp?issueid=2520&sectionid=2&id=0000403]


==History==
==History==

Revision as of 11:21, 3 May 2007

Template:Infobox Town BG

Burgas (also transliterated as Bourgas; Template:Lang-bg) is the second-largest city on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast with population 205,821 or 189 245. It is also the fourth-largest by population in the country, after Sofia, Plovdiv and Varna. It is the capital of Burgas Province and an industrial and tourist centre.

Surrounded by the coastal Burgas Lakes and located at the westernmost point of the Black Sea, the large Burgas Bay, Burgas has the largest and most important Bulgarian port. Today, it is a key economic, cultural and tourist centre of southeastern Bulgaria, with the Burgas Airport serving the resorts of the southern Bulgarian coast.

Burgas is being threatened by considerable air pollution from the nearby Lukoil Neftohim[1][2] and other industial factories[3][4]

History

Alexander Severus coin celebrating the Flavian colony of Deultum

Bourgas is a successor of the Ancient Greek city of Pyrgos (Πύργος), founded by colonists from Apolonia as a military and observational post against the other important settlement in the region — Mesembria. Besides Pirgos, the present-day city expands over the area of three other ancient settlements: Castrition, Skafida and Rossokastron.

During the rule of the Ancient Romans, Burgas was known as Deultum, and was established as a military colony for veterans by Vespasian. In the Middle Ages, a small fortress called Pirgos (Πύργος being Greek for "tower") was erected on the place and was most probably used as a watchtower. It was only in the 17th century that a settlement named Ahelo-Pirgas grew in the modern area of the city. It was later renamed to Bourgas and had only about 3,000 inhabitants, most of them Greeks at the time of the Liberation.

Later, it became a major centre on the southern Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and a city of well-developed industry and trade. A number of oil and chemical companies were gradually built. Salt and iron are also mined and traded abroad.

Street scene from the centre of Burgas
File:Burgas2-ngruev.JPG
Architecture of Burgas
File:Burgas1-ngurev.JPG
Burgas
View of Alexandrovska Street from Hotel Bulgaria
City Hall

In 1903, the railway station in Burgas opened, giving an additional boost to the city's expansion. Burgas, unlike many other Bulgarian cities, was not much affected by Communist-type urbanization and has kept many of its 19th and early 20th century architecture.

Today the local port is the largest in Bulgaria adding significantly to the regional economy. Burgas also holds annual national exhibitions and international festivals and has a vibrant student population of over 6,000 that add to the city's appeal.

Several countries have consulates in Burgas, among them Turkey, Belarus, Romania, Russia and Ukraine.

Burgas Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after the city of Burgas.

Institutions of higher education

Attractions

  • Burgas Regional Historical Museum
  • Ethnographic Museum
  • Museum of Nature and Science
  • Art Gallery
  • Opera House
  • International Folklore Festival

Notable natives

Notable buildings and architectural structures

The building of the TV Centre Burgas ( РРТС Бургас ) loos like a highrise with 6 floors with a tower looking like "Eiffel Tower with concrete legs" on its roof [5].

Sister cities

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Burgas.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Burgas".

42°30′N 27°28′E / 42.500°N 27.467°E / 42.500; 27.467

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