List of Nazi concentration camps

This article is a list of Nazi-German concentration camps.

All major camps during The Holocaust. (Image can be zoomed.)

In the table below, extermination camps are marked with pink, while major concentration camps of other types are marked with blue. During World War II, extermination camps were built during a later phase of the program of annihilation. Victims' bodies were usually cremated or buried in mass graves.

It has been estimated that 15,000 camps were established in the German occupied countries, not including small camps created ad hoc for the local population. Most of these camps were destroyed.

The term concentration camp was first used to describe camps operated by the United Kingdom in South Africa, but the term lost some of its original meaning after the Nazi concentration camps were discovered, and has ever since been understood to refer to a place of mistreatment, starvation, forced labour, and murder.

The data in this table is from Dawidowicz, Lucy S., The War Against the Jews, 1938-1945, New York:Bantam [1986] ISBN 0-5533-4302-5. For a discussion of how the number of victims is determined, see Holocaust victims and death toll.

Table of Nazi-German camps

Camp Name	Country (today)	Camp Type	Dates of use	Est. prisoners	Est. deaths	Sub-camps	Webpage
Amersfoort	Netherlands	Prison and transit camp	Aug 1941 - Apr 1945	35,000	1,000		[1]
Arbeitsdorf	Germany	Labour camp	8 Apr 1942 – 11 Oct 1942		min. 600	none
Auschwitz Birkenau	Poland	Extermination and labour camp	Apr 1940 – Jan 1945	400,000	1,100,000–1,500,000	list	[2]
Banjica	Serbia	Concentration camp	Jun 1941 – Sep 1944	min. 23,637
Bardufoss	Norway	Concentration camp	Mar 1944 – ????	800	250
Bełżec	Poland	Extermination camp	Mar 1942 – Jun 1943		at least 434,508		[3]
Bergen-Belsen	Germany	Collection point	Apr 1943 – Apr 1945		70,000	2	[4]
Berlin-Marzahn	Germany	Early a "rest place" then labour camp for Roma	July 1936 -			none	http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005482
Bolzano	Italy	Transit	Jul 1944 – Apr 1945	11,116		list
Bredtvet	Norway	Concentration camp	Fall, 1941 - May, 1945	1,000 or more	????	none
Breendonk	Belgium	Prison and labour camp	20 Sep 1940 – Sep 1944	min. 3532	min. 391	none	[5]
Breitenau	Germany	"Early wild camp", then labour camp	Jun 1933 – Mar 1934, 1940 – 1945	470 - 8500			[6]
Buchenwald	Germany	Labour camp	Jul 1937 – Apr 1945	250,000	56,000	list	[7]
Chełmno (Kulmhof)	Poland	Extermination camp	Dec 1941 – Apr 1943, Apr 1944 – Jan 1945		at least 153,000		[8]
Crveni krst	Serbia	Concentration camp	1941 - 1945	30,000
Dachau	Germany	Labour camp	Mar 1933 – Apr 1945	200,000	31,591	list	[9] [10]
Falstad	Norway	Prison camp	Dec 1941 – May 1945		min. 200	none	[11] [12]
Flossenbürg	Germany	Labour camp	May 1938 – Apr 1945	min. 100,000	30,000	list	[13]
Grini	Norway	Prison camp	2 May 1941 – May 1945	19,788	8	Fannrem Bardufoss Kvænangen
Gross-Rosen	Poland	Labour camp; Nacht und Nebel camp	Aug 1940 – Feb 1945	125,000	40,000	list	[14]
Herzogenbusch (Vught)	Netherlands	Prison and transit camp	1943 - Summer 1944	31,000	750	list	[15]
Hinzert	Germany	Collective point and subcamp	Jul 1940 – Mar 1945	14,000	min. 302		[16]
Janowska (Lwów)	Ukraine	Ghetto; transit, labour, & extermination camp	Sep 1941 – Nov 1943		min. 40,000	none	[17] (Go to articles A-Z)
Jasenovac	Croatia	Extermination camp	Aug 1941 – Apr 1945		56,000-600,000		[18][19]
Kaiserwald (Mežaparks)	Latvia	Labour camp	1942 – 6 Aug 1944	20,000?		16, incl. Eleja-Meitenes	[20]
Kaufering/Landsberg	Germany	Labour camp	Jun 1943 – Apr 1945	30,000	min.14,500		[21]
Kauen (Kaunas)	Lithuania	Ghetto and internment camp	????			Prawienischken	[22]
Klooga	Estonia	Labour camp	Summer 1943 – 28 Sep 1944		2,400
Lager Sylt (Alderney)	Channel Islands	Labour camp	Mar 1943 – Jun 1944	1,000?	460	none	[23]
Langenstein-Zwieberge	Germany	Buchenwald subcamp camp	Apr 1944 – Apr 1945	5,000	2,000
Le Vernet	France	Internment camp	1939 – 1944
Majdanek (KZ Lublin)	Poland	Extermination camp	Jul 1941 – Jul 1944		78,000		[24]
Malchow	Germany	Labour and Transit camp	Winter 1943 – 8 May 1945	5,000
Maly Trostenets	Belarus	Extermination camp	Jul 1941 – Jun 1944		65,000		[25]
Mauthausen-Gusen	Austria	Labour camp	Aug 1938 – May 1945	195,000	min. 95,000	list	[26]
Mittelbau-Dora	Germany	Labour camp	Sep 1943 – Apr 1945	60,000	min. 20,000	list	[27]
Natzweiler-Struthof	France	Labour camp; Nacht und Nebel camp	May 1941 – Sep 1944	40,000	25,000	list	[28]
Neuengamme	Germany	Labour camp	13 Dec 1938 – 4 May 1945	106,000	55,000	list	[29]
Niederhagen	Germany	Prison and labour camp	Sep 1941 – early 1943	3,900	1,285	none	[30]
Oranienburg	Germany	Collective point	Mar 1933 – Jul 1934	3,000	min. 16		[31]
Osthofen	Germany	Collective point	Mar 1933 – Jul 1934
Płaszów	Poland	Labour camp	Dec 1942 – Jan 1945	min. 150,000	min. 9,000	list	[32]
Ravensbrück	Germany	Labour camp for women	May 1939 – Apr 1945	150,000	(min. 90,000)	list	[33]
Risiera di San Sabba (Trieste)	Italy	Police detainment camp	Sep 1943 – 29 Apr 1945	25,000	5,000		[34]
Sachsenhausen	Germany	Labour camp	Jul 1936 – Apr 1945	min. 200,000	(100,000)	list	[35]
Sajmiste	Serbia	Extermination camp	December 1941 – September 1944		100,000
Salaspils	Latvia	Labour camp	Oct 1941 – Summer 1944		101,000
Sobibór	Poland	Extermination camp	May 1942 - Oct 1943		up to 200,000		[36]
Soldau	Poland	Labour; Transit camp	Winter 1939/40 – Jan 1945	30,000	13,000
Stutthof	Poland	Labour camp	Sep 1939 – May 1945	110,000	65,000	list	[37]
Theresienstadt (Terezín)	Czech Republic	Transit camp and Ghetto	Nov 1941 – May 1945	140,000	35,000		[38]
Treblinka	Poland	Extermination camp	Jul 1942 – Nov 1943		870,000		[39]
Vaivara	Estonia	Concentration and transit camp	15 Sep 1943 – 29 Feb 1944	20,000	950	22	[40] [41]
Warsaw	Poland	Labour and extermination camp	1942 - 1944	up to 40,000	up to 200,000
Westerbork	Netherlands	Collective point	May 1940 – Apr 1945	102,000			[42]