Timeline of Armenian history

Earliest

• 6000-4000 BC: Neolithic cultures of the South Caucasus, such as the Shulaveri-Shomu culture.
• 4000 BC: The Book of Genesis identifies the land of Ararat as the resting place of Noah's Ark after the "great deluge" described there.
• 3400-2000 BC: Kura-Araxes culture.
  • 2400 BC: The Indo-Europeans were people who presumably spread from the Caucasus, settling on lands along the way. Armenian is one of the Indo-European language branches.
  • 2300 BC: Haik creates the Armenian nation in the Ararat region. (Akkadians mention Armani in 2300 BC)
• 2000 BC: Trialeti culture

Mitanni Kingdom

Main article: Mitanni

• 1700 BC: Aram, Armenian patriarch in the History of Armenia (Moses of Chorene)

• 1450 BC: Artatama I (Thutmose III of Egypt, mentions the people of Ermenen in 1446 BC)
• 1400 BC: Artashumara
• 1384 BC: Artatama II

Urartu Kingdom

• 1200 BC Armenian Nairi tribes (Նաիրի: Armenian girls names)
• 883 BC: Foundation of the Kingdom of Urartu with Aramé.
• 834-828 BC: Reign of Sarduri I who constructs Tushpa (Van).
• 810-785 BC: Reign of Menuas who conquers the Araratian fields.
• 785-763 BC: Reign of Argishtis I who creates the first Armenian Empire.
• 782 BC: Construction of the fortress of Erebuni (modern Yerevan).
• 585 BC: Conquest of Urartu by the Medes.

Armenia becomes a country

• 512 BC: Armenia is annexed to Persia by Darius I. Urartu is officially called Armenia for the first time in the Behistun inscription.
• 331 BC: Alexander the Great attacks Persia and defeats Darius III, but never conquers Armenia. As a result, Armenia regains its independence from Persia.
• 322 BC: The Armenian Orontid Kingdom is founded by King Yervand I.

First Royal Dynasty of Armenia (190 B.C. - 1 A.D.)

• 190 BC: Artaxias I reclaims Armenian sovereignty from the Seleucids by establishing the Artaxiad Dynasty with Artaxata as the capital.
• 95 BC: Accession of power by Tigranes the Great.
  • 93 BC: Invasion of Cappadocia
  • 88 BC: Conquest of Atropatene, Gordyene, and Osrhoene
  • 83 BC: Conquest of Syria, Phoenicia, and Cilicia
  • 69 BC: Tigranes' army is defeated at the Battle of Tigranocerta against Lucullus' Roman army.
  • 68 BC: Lucullus is beaten off from Artaxata.
  • 67 BC: Lucullus is recalled to Rome.
  • 66 BC: Pompey invades Armenia, but returns to Roman land after being offered a generous sum of money by Tigranes.
• 55 BC: Death of Tigranes the Great. Artavasdes II continues to rule Armenia.
• 55 - 34 BC: Reign of Artavasdes.
• 1 AD: End of the Artaxiad Dynasty in Armenia.

The Second Armenian Royal Dynasty (53 A.D. - 423)

• 53: Tiridates I reaffirms Armenian independence by founding the Arshakuni Dynasty.
  • 58: Roman general Corbulo invades Armenia with the assistance of the Iberians and Commagenians.
  • 66: Tiridates is crowned in Rome by Nero, after he and Corbulo came to an agreement.
  • 72: War against the Alans
• ?: Death of Tiridates I
• ? - 110: Reign of Sanatruces I/Sanatruk, during which the Apostles Thadeus and Bartholomew preach Christianity in Armenia.
• 228 onwards: Chosroes II of Armenia repels Sassanid invasions.
• 287: Beginning of the reign of Tiridates III.
  • ?: Roman Emperor Diocletianus offers Armenia the province of Atropatene.
  • 301: Armenia becomes the first official Christian state in the world, King Tirdat III proclaims Christianity as the official state religion of Armenia.
• 330: End of Tiridates III's reign.
• 387: Division of Armenia into Western and Eastern parts. The latter keeps its independence.
• 392: Armenia regains its might by the coronation of King Vramshapouh in 392.
• 406: Mesrop Mashtots invents the Armenian alphabet.
• 428: End of the Arshakuni Dynasty.

Marzpan period (428 - 640)

• 451: The Battle of Avarayr, led by Vartan Mamikonian, secures the Christian religion in Armenia.

The Third Armenian Royal Dynasty (862 - 1045)

• 861-862: Ashot I Bagratuni is recognized as prince of princes by the Baghdad court, followed by a war against local Muslim emirs.
  • 885: Ashot wins and is thus recognized King of the Armenians by Baghdad in 885.
  • 886: Formal recognition of Armenian sovereignty by Constantinople.
• 891: King Ashot I dies and is succeeded by his son Smbat I, in 892.
• 961: King Ashot III (953-977) transfers the capital from Kars to Ani, which came to be considered the "City of a 1001 Churches" which rivaled other metropolises like Baghdad and Constantinople.
• 1045: Armenia falls to Byzantine troops, and an exodus from the Armenian lands begins.
• 1064: Byzantine Ani, once the capital of Bagratid Armenia, is conquered and destroyed by the Seljuk Turks.
• 1072: The Seljuks sell Ani to the Shaddadid, a Kurdish tribe ruling a territory coinciding with modern day Armenia.

The Armenian kingdom of Cilicia (1078 - 1375)

• 1078: Establishment of the Armenian Principality of Cilicia, led by the Rubenid dynasty.
• 1095: The First Crusade is launched by Pope Urban I.
• 1187: Debut of Leon II's reign as prince.
  • 1198: Leon II "the Magnificent" managed to secure his crown, becoming the first King of Armenian Cilicia.
• 1219: Death of Leon II.
• 1375: Fall of the Armenian kingdom of Cilicia to the Mameluks of Egypt and their Ramazanoğlu vassals.

Under Tribal Turkish, Kurdish and Mongol rule (1071 - 1520)

• 1071: After the Battle of Manzikert, Seljuk dominance is established over Anatolia and a large number of Turkish tribes migrate to the region.
• 1072: The Seljuks sell Ani to the Shaddadid, a Kurdish tribe ruling a territory coinciding with modern day Armenia.
• 1194-1241: After the decline of the Seljuk dominace in the region, Eastern Anatolia is ruled by a slew of Turkish emirates and tribes, such as the Sökmenli, Mengücek, Saltuklu and the Artuklu.
• 1241-1244: Mongol Invasion of Anatolia, much of the sedentary population of Armenia is slaughtered.
• 1256-1335: Turco-Mongol rule continues in Eastern Anatolia under the Ilkhanate rulers and their Turkish and Kurdish vassals.
• 1335-1400: The decline of Mongol power leads Armenia to be dominated once again by Turkish tribes such as the Eretna and the Chobanids.
• 1400: Tamerlane's devastating invasion of Georgia, Armenia and Central Anatolia leads to the slaughter of large portions of the population of Armenia and the enslavement of over 60,000 people from Anatolia and the Caucasus.
• 1405: After Tamerlane's death, Anatolia becomes a battleground between the rival tribal confederations of the Ak Koyunlu and the Kara Koyunlu.
• 1502: The fanatical Shi'ite Safavid Dynasty is established in Persia, that conquers most of Armenia.
• 1520: Large portions of Armenia are conquered by Selim I.

Ottoman & Persian Rule

See also: Armenians in the Ottoman Empire

• 1461: Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople established by then the Ottoman Emperor, Mehmed II.
• 1478: Armenian migration to Bruges, Belgium.
• 1512: Printing of first Armenian books.
• 1514: The ferocious Ottoman Safavid wars rage in the Armenian Highlands, the Ottomans gain Western Armenia.
• 1519: Decree of King Sigismund I that Armenians in Poland by governed under code of laws by Mkhitar Gosh.
• 1519-1528: The first Jelali revolts; clashes between Sunnite Turks and Kurds and Shi'ite Qizilbash cause friction in Eastern Anatolia.
• 1532-1555: The second series of Ottoman-Persian wars rage in Armenia
• 1567: Establishment of Armenian printing press in Constantinople.
• 1598-1611: Continuation of the devastating Jelali revolts in Anatolia.
• 1603-1618: Shah Abbas of Persia invades Ottoman Armenia.
  • 1605: When forced to abandon the siege of Kars, Shah Abbas orders the complete destruction of many Armenian towns and villages and deports over 300,000 Armenians to Persia, of which only half survive. To cement his control in the region he establishes the Khanate of Erevan and the Khanate of Nakhichevan as vassal states.
    See also: Armenians in the Persian Empire
• 1623-1639: The final Ottoman-Safavid War rages in Armenia.
• 1637-1695: Eremia Kiumurjian, historian, poet, musician.
• 1648: Major earthquake in Van.
• 1712-1795: Sayat Nova, renowned Armenian poet troubadour.
• 1747: The Persians establish the Karabakh Khanate.
• 1759: Arrival of Hovsep Emin in Armenia
• 1778: Establishment of Nor Nakhichevan
• 1809-1848: Khachatur Abovian, novelist poet, playwright
• 1810,1818: Zeitountsi revolts
• 1811: Mkhitarist order of Vienna founded
• 1813: Treaty of Gulistan
• 1824: Founding of Nersessian Academy in Tiflis
• 1826-1858: Nickolas Balian, architect in Constantinople
• 1827: Occupation of Yerevan by Russian forces
• 1828: Treaty of Turkmanchay awards Nakhichevan and area around Erevan to Russia, strengthening Russian control of Transcaucasus.

Armenian civilians, being deported during the Armenian Genocide.

• 1915-1923: Armenian Genocide: An estimated 1,500,000 are killed.

Russian Empire

See also: Armenians in the Russian Empire

• 1827 Occupation of Yerevan by Russian forces
• 1828 Treaty of Turkmanchay awards Nakhichevan and area around Erevan to Russia, strengthening Russian control of Transcaucasus.
• 1836 The Russian government enacts the Polozhenie, a statute greatly restricting the power of the Armenian Church.

Democratic Republic of Armenia, 1918-1922

See also: Democratic Republic of Armenia

• March 3 1918, The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk gives Kars, Ardahan and Batum regions to the Ottoman Empire.
• May 22 1918, Battle of Sardarapat.
• May 28, 1918 The Armenian Congress of Eastern Armenians declares the Democratic Republic of Armenia from the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic.
• August 4, 1918 General Lionel Charles Dunsterville leads a British expeditionary force into Baku, making himself the city's military governor.
• October 30, 1918 The Ottoman Empire signs the Armistice of Mudros, agreeing to leave the Transcaucasus. As military governor of Baku, General Dunsterville arranges a temporary peace between the Azeris and Armenians. Meanwhile, the Democratic Republic of Armenia assumes control of Western Armenia, now that the Ottomans are forced to leave.

Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

See also: Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

Armenia

See also: Armenia

See More

• Arak29 Armenian History Timeline