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==UCLA==
==UCLA==
Davis was an acting [[assistant professor]] in the philosophy department at the [[University of California, Los Angeles|UCLA]], beginning in 1969. At that time, she also was known as a [[radical feminist]] and activist, a member of the Communist Party USA and an associate of the [[Black Panther Party]].<ref name="BookTV">{{cite episode | title = Interview with Angela Davis | episodelink = | series = BookTV | serieslink = | airdate = 2004-10-03 | season = | number = }}</ref>
Davis was an acting [[assistant professor]] in the


The [[Regents of the University of California|Board of Regents]] of the [[University of California]], urged by then-[[Governor of California|California Governor]] [[Ronald Reagan]], fired her from her $10,000 a year post in 1969 because of her membership in the Communist Party. Black students and several professors, however, claimed that they fired her because of her race. The Board of Regents was [[censure]]d by the [[American Association of University Professors]] for their failure to reappoint Davis after her teaching contract expired.<ref>{{cite
The [[Regents of the University of California|Board of Regents]] of the [[University of California]], urged by then-[[Governor of California|California Governor]] [[Ronald Reagan]], fired her from her $10,000 a year post in 1969 because of her membership in the Communist Party. Black students and several professors, however, claimed that they fired her because of her race. The Board of Regents was [[censure]]d by the [[American Association of University Professors]] for their failure to reappoint Davis after her teaching contract expired.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=rrEDAAAAMBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date=1972-05-25 |accessdate=2010-10-21}}</ref> On October 20 when California judge, Perry Pacht, ruled that the Regents could not fire Davis because of her affiliation with the Communist Party, Davis resumed her post at the University. The Regents, unhappy with the decision, continued to search for ways to release Davis from her position at UCLA. They finally accomplished this on June 20, 1970 when they fired Davis on account of the “inflammatory language” she had used on four different speeches. “We deem particularly offensive,” the report said, “such utterances as her statement that the regents ‘killed, brutalized (and) murdered’ the People’s Park demonstrators, and her repeated characterizations of the police as ‘pigs.’” <ref name="Davis Ousted">{{cite news|last=Davies|first=Lwrence|title=U.C.L.A Teacher is Ousted as Red|accessdate=April 24, 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=April 28, 2011}}</ref><ref name=Regents/UCLA>{{cite news|last=Turner|first=Wallace|title=California Regents Drop Communist From Faculty|accessdate=April 24, 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=April 28, 2011}}</ref><ref name="Judge- Against Reagents">{{cite news|title=UCLA Barred from Pressing Red's Ouster|accessdate=April 19, 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=April 28, 2011}}</ref>


==Arrest and trial==
http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4BkRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=NuEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6482%2C3554926 | accessdate = September 14, 2009 }}</ref>
{{See also|Marin County courthouse incident}}


On August 7, 1970 [[Jonathan P. Jackson|Jonathan Jackson]], a heavily armed, seventeen year old African American high school student gained control over a courtroom in [[Marin County]], California. Once in the courtroom, Jackson armed the black defendants and took Judge Harold Haley, the prosecutor, and three female jurors as hostages.<ref name=Trial-1>{{cite book|last=Aptheker|first=Bettina|title=The Morning Breaks: The Trial of Angela Davis|year=1997|publisher=Cornell University Press}}</ref><ref name="Register-Guard">{{Cite news|name = Associated Press | title = Search broadens for Angela Davis | newspaper = Eugene Register-Guard | date = August 17, 1970 | url = http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4BkRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=NuEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6482%2C3554926 | accessdate = September 14, 2009 }}</ref>
⚫
As Jackson transported the hostages and two black convicts away from the courtroom, the police began shooting at the vehicle. The judge, one of the jurors, the prosecutor, and the three black men were killed in the melee. Davis had purchased the firearms used in the attack, including the shotgun used to kill Haley, which had been purchased two days prior and [[sawed-off shotgun|sawed-off]].<ref name="Register-Guard"/> She had also written numerous letters found in the prison cell of one of the murderers. Since California considers “all persons concerned in the commission of a crime, whether they directly commit the act constituting the offense… principals in any crime so committed,” San Marin County Superior Judge Peter Allen Smith charged Davis with “aggravated kidnapping and first degree murder in the death of Judge Harold Haley” and issued a warrant for her arrest (21). Hours after the judge issued the warrant on August 14, 1970 a massive attempt to arrest Angela Davis began. On August 18, 1970, four days after the initial warrant was issued, FBI director, J. Edgar Hoover made Angela Davis the third woman and the 309th person to appear on the [[FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives|FBI’s Ten Most Wanted Fugitive List]].<ref name="Trial-1"/><ref>{{cite web | last = | first = |coauthors = | title =Biography | work =Davis (Angela) Legal Defense Collection, 1970-1972 | publisher = | date = | url =Angela Davis was a very strong woman

⚫
As Jackson transported the hostages and two black convicts away from the courtroom, the police began shooting at the vehicle. The judge, one of the jurors, the prosecutor, and the three black men were killed in the melee. Davis had purchased the firearms used in the attack, including the shotgun used to kill Haley, which had been purchased two days prior and [[sawed-off shotgun|sawed-off]].<ref name="Register-Guard"/> She had also written numerous letters found in the prison cell of one of the murderers. Since California considers “all persons concerned in the commission of a crime, whether they directly commit the act constituting the offense… principals in any crime so committed,” San Marin County Superior Judge Peter Allen Smith charged Davis with “aggravated kidnapping and first degree murder in the death of Judge Harold Haley” and issued a warrant for her arrest (21). Hours after the judge issued the warrant on August 14, 1970 a massive attempt to arrest Angela Davis began. On August 18, 1970, four days after the initial warrant was issued, FBI director, J. Edgar Hoover made Angela Davis the third woman and the 309th person to appear on the [[FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives|FBI’s Ten Most Wanted Fugitive List]].<ref name="Trial-1"/><ref>{{cite web | last = | first = |coauthors = | title =Biography | work =Davis (Angela) Legal Defense Collection, 1970-1972 | publisher = | date = | url =http://digilib.nypl.org/dynaweb/ead/scm/scmdavisa/@Generic __BookTextView/135;pt=125 | doi = | accessdate =2007-06-21}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>

Soon after, Davis became a fugitive and fled California. According to her autobiography, during this time she hid in friends’ homes and moved from place to place at night. On October 13, 1970 FBI agents found her at the Howard Johnson Motor Lodge in New York City.<ref name="NY Hotel">{{cite news|last=Charleton|first=Linda|title=F.B.I Seizes Angela Davisin Motel Here|url=http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/03/08/home/davis-fbi.html?-r=1|accessdate=April 26, 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=April 28, 2011}}</ref> President Richard M. Nixon congratulated the FBI on its “capture of the dangerous terrorist, Angela Davis." On January 5, 1971, after several months in jail, Angela Davis appeared at the Marin County Superior Court and declared her innocence before the court and nation: "I now declare publicly before the court, before the people of this country that I am innocent of all charges which have been leveled against me by the state of California." [[John Abt]], [[general counsel]] of the [[Communist Party USA]], was one of the first attorneys to represent Davis for her alleged involvement in the shootings.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Abt |first1=John |authorlink1=John Abt |last2=Myerson |first2=Michael |others= |title=Advocate and Activist: Memoirs of an American Communist Lawyer |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=9REaIPPh4k4C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate= |edition= |volume= |date= |year=1993 |month= |publisher=University of Illinois Press |location=Urbana, Illinois |isbn=0252020308, 9780252020308 |doi= |page= |pages= |bibcode= }}</ref> While being held in the Women's Detention Center there, she was initially segregated from the general population<!-- racially segregated or something else? -->, but with the help of her legal team soon obtained a federal [[court order]] to get out of the segregated area.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Davis |first=Angela Yvonne |title=Angela Davis: An Autobiography |year=1989 |month=March |publisher=International Publishers |location=New York City |isbn=0717-80667-7 |chapter=Nets}}</ref>

Across the nation, the thousands of people who agreed with her declaration began organizing a liberation movement. In New York City, black writers formed a committee called the Black People in Defense of Angela Davis. By February 1971 more than two hundred local committees in the United States, and sixty-seven in foreign countries worked to liberate Angela Davis from prison. Thanks, in part, to this support, in 1972 the state released her from prison.<ref name=Trial-1 /> After spending eighteen months behind bars, Davis was acquitted of all charges by an all-white jury.

On February 23, 1972, Rodger McAfee, a dairy farmer from [[Caruthers, California]] with the help of Steve Sparacino, a wealthy business owner, paid her $100,000 bail. Portions of her legal defense expenses were paid for by the [[United Presbyterian Church in the United States of America|Presbyterian Church]] (UPCNA).<ref name=Trial-1 /><ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/03/08/home/davis-campaign.html| title=The Campaign to Free Angela Davis and Ruchell Magee | work=The New York Times| date=June 27, 1971| author= Sol Stern }}</ref>

During the trial, Davis was sketched by [[courtroom artist]]s [[Rosalie Ritz]] and Walt Stewart.<ref name="University of California, Berkeley-February 8, 2005">{{cite press release |title="Two Artists of the Courtroom" on exhibit |author=Kathleen Maclay, Media Relations |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |date=February 8, 2005 |url=http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2005/02/08_courtroomartist.shtml |accessdate= }}</ref>

In 1972, she was tried and the jury returned a verdict of [[Acquittal|not guilty]]. The fact that she owned the guns used in the crime was judged not sufficient to establish her responsibility for the plot. Her experience as a prisoner in the US played a key role in convincing her to fight against the “prison industrial complex” that exists in the US.<ref name=Trial-1 /> [[John Lennon]] and [[Yoko Ono]] recorded their song "Angela" on their 1972 album ''[[Some Time In New York City]]'' in support. The Jazz musician [[Todd Cochran]], also known as Bayete, recorded his song "Free Angela (Thoughts...and all I've got to say)" that same year. The [[Rolling Stones]] recorded the song "[[Sweet Black Angel]]" on their 1972 album ''[[Exile on Main Street]]''.<ref name=Caldwell>Caldwell, Earl. [http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/03/08/home/davis-acquit.html "Angela Davis Acquitted on All Charges"] ''[[The New York Times]]''. June 5, 1972. Retrieved on 2008-07-02.</ref>


==In Cuba==
==In Cuba==

Revision as of 17:45, 18 November 2011

Angela Davis
Davis in October 2006
Born
Angela Yvonne Davis

(1944-01-26) January 26, 1944 (age 80)
Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.
CitizenshipUnited States
EducationUniversity of Santa Cruz
Alma materBrandeis University, B.A., (1965)
University of California, San Diego, M.A.
Humboldt University, Ph.D., Philosophy
Occupation(s)Activist, educator, author
Employer(s)University of California, Santa Cruz (retired)
Political partyCommunist Party USA (1969-1991), Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism (1991-currenty)
SpouseHilton Braithwaite div.[1]
RelativesBen Davis, brother

Angela Davis (born January 26, 1944) is an American political activist, scholar, and author. Davis was most politically active during the late 1960s through the 1970s and was associated with the Communist Party USA, the Civil Rights Movement and the Black Panther Party. Prisoner rights have been among her continuing interests; she is the founder of "Critical Resistance", an organization working to abolish the "prison-industrial complex". She is a retired professor with the History of Consciousness Department at the University of California, Santa Cruz and is the former director of the university's Feminist Studies department.[2] Her research interests are in feminism, African American studies, critical theory, Marxism, popular music and social consciousness, and the philosophy and history of punishment and prisons.[3]

Her membership in the Communist Party led to Ronald Reagan's request in 1969 to have her barred from teaching at any university in the State of California. She was tried and acquitted of suspected involvement in the Soledad brothers' August 1970 abduction and murder of Judge Harold Haley in Marin County, California.

She was twice a candidate for Vice President on the Communist Party USA ticket during the 1980s.

Early life

Davis was born in Birmingham, Alabama. Her father, Frank Davis, was a graduate of St. Augustine's College, a traditionally black college in Raleigh, North Carolina, and was briefly a high school history teacher. Her father later owned and operated a service station in the black section of Birmingham. Her mother, Sallye Davis, a graduate of Miles College in Birmingham, was an elementary school teacher.

The family lived in the "Dynamite Hill" neighborhood, which was marked by racial conflict. Davis was occasionally able to spend time on her uncle's farm and with friends in New York City.[4] Her brother, Ben Davis, played defensive back for the Cleveland Browns and Detroit Lions in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Davis also has another brother, Reginald Davis, and sister, Fania Davis Jordan.[5]

Davis attended Carrie A. Tuggle School, a black elementary school; later she attended Parker Annex, a middle-school branch of Parker High School in Birmingham. During this time Davis’ mother was a national officer and leading organizer of the Southern Negro Congress, an organization heavily influenced by the Communist Party. Consequently Davis grew up surrounded by communist organizers and thinkers who significantly influenced her intellectual development growing up.[6] By her junior year, she had applied to and was accepted at an American Friends Service Committee program that placed black students from the South in integrated schools in the North. She chose Elisabeth Irwin High School in Greenwich Village in New York City. There she was introduced to socialism and communism and was recruited by a Communist youth group, Advance. She also met children of some of the leaders of the Communist Party USA, including her lifelong friend, Bettina Aptheker.[7]

Education

Brandeis University

Davis was awarded a scholarship to Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts, where she was one of three black students in her freshman class. She initially felt alienated by the isolation of the campus (at that time she was interested in Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sartre), but she soon made friends with foreign students. She encountered the Frankfurt School philosopher Herbert Marcuse at a rally during the Cuban Missile Crisis and then became his student. In a television interview, she said "Herbert Marcuse taught me that it was possible to be an academic, an activist, a scholar, and a revolutionary."[8] She worked part time to earn enough money to travel to France and Switzerland before she went on to attend the eighth World Festival of Youth and Students in Helsinki, Finland. She returned home in 1963 to a Federal Bureau of Investigation interview about her attendance at the Communist-sponsored festival.[9]

During her second year at Brandeis, she decided to major in French and continued her intensive study of Sartre. Davis was accepted by the Hamilton College Junior Year in France Program and, she wrote in her autobiography, she managed to talk Brandeis into extending financial support via her scholarship. Classes were initially at Biarritz and later at the Sorbonne. In Paris, she and other students lived with a French family. It was at Biarritz that she received news of the 1963 Birmingham church bombing, committed by the members of the Ku Klux Klan, an occasion that deeply affected her, because, she wrote, she was personally acquainted with the young victims.[9]

Nearing completion of her degree in French, Davis realized her major interest was in philosophy. She became particularly interested in the ideas of Herbert Marcuse and on her return to Brandeis she sat in on his course without asking for credit. Marcuse, she wrote, turned out to be approachable and helpful. Davis began making plans to attend the University of Frankfurt for graduate work in philosophy. In 1965 she graduated magna cum laude, a member of Phi Beta Kappa.[9]

University of Frankfurt

In Germany, with a stipend of just $100 a month, she first lived with a German family. Later, she moved with a group of students into a loft in an old factory. After visiting East Berlin during the annual May Day celebration, she felt that the East German government was dealing better with the residual effects of fascism than were the West Germans. Many of her roommates were active in the radical Socialist German Student Union (SDS), and Davis participated in SDS actions, but events unfolding in the United States — the formation of the Black Panther Party and transformation of SNCC, for example — impelled her to return to the US.[9]

Postgraduate work

Marcuse, in the meantime, had moved to the University of California, San Diego, and Davis followed him there after her two years in Frankfurt.[9]

Returning to the United States, Davis stopped in London to attend a conference on "The Dialectics of Liberation." The black contingent at the conference included the American Stokely Carmichael and the British Michael X. Although moved by Carmichael's fiery rhetoric, she was disappointed by her colleagues' black nationalist sentiments and their rejection of communism as a "white man's thing." She held the view that any nationalism was a barrier to grappling with the underlying issue, capitalist domination of working people of all races.[10]

Davis earned her master's degree from the San Diego campus and her doctorate in philosophy from Humboldt University in East Berlin.[11]

Davis is currently a Distinguished Professor in the Women's and Gender Studies Department at Syracuse University.[12] She also worked as a visiting professor with the Syracuse University Department of African American studies.

UCLA

Davis was an acting assistant professor in the philosophy department at the UCLA, beginning in 1969. At that time, she also was known as a radical feminist and activist, a member of the Communist Party USA and an associate of the Black Panther Party.[2]

The Board of Regents of the University of California, urged by then-California Governor Ronald Reagan, fired her from her $10,000 a year post in 1969 because of her membership in the Communist Party. Black students and several professors, however, claimed that they fired her because of her race. The Board of Regents was censured by the American Association of University Professors for their failure to reappoint Davis after her teaching contract expired.[13] On October 20 when California judge, Perry Pacht, ruled that the Regents could not fire Davis because of her affiliation with the Communist Party, Davis resumed her post at the University. The Regents, unhappy with the decision, continued to search for ways to release Davis from her position at UCLA. They finally accomplished this on June 20, 1970 when they fired Davis on account of the “inflammatory language” she had used on four different speeches. “We deem particularly offensive,” the report said, “such utterances as her statement that the regents ‘killed, brutalized (and) murdered’ the People’s Park demonstrators, and her repeated characterizations of the police as ‘pigs.’” [14][15][16]

Arrest and trial

See also: Marin County courthouse incident

On August 7, 1970 Jonathan Jackson, a heavily armed, seventeen year old African American high school student gained control over a courtroom in Marin County, California. Once in the courtroom, Jackson armed the black defendants and took Judge Harold Haley, the prosecutor, and three female jurors as hostages.[17][18]

As Jackson transported the hostages and two black convicts away from the courtroom, the police began shooting at the vehicle. The judge, one of the jurors, the prosecutor, and the three black men were killed in the melee. Davis had purchased the firearms used in the attack, including the shotgun used to kill Haley, which had been purchased two days prior and sawed-off.[18] She had also written numerous letters found in the prison cell of one of the murderers. Since California considers “all persons concerned in the commission of a crime, whether they directly commit the act constituting the offense… principals in any crime so committed,” San Marin County Superior Judge Peter Allen Smith charged Davis with “aggravated kidnapping and first degree murder in the death of Judge Harold Haley” and issued a warrant for her arrest (21). Hours after the judge issued the warrant on August 14, 1970 a massive attempt to arrest Angela Davis began. On August 18, 1970, four days after the initial warrant was issued, FBI director, J. Edgar Hoover made Angela Davis the third woman and the 309th person to appear on the FBI’s Ten Most Wanted Fugitive List.[17][19]

Soon after, Davis became a fugitive and fled California. According to her autobiography, during this time she hid in friends’ homes and moved from place to place at night. On October 13, 1970 FBI agents found her at the Howard Johnson Motor Lodge in New York City.[20] President Richard M. Nixon congratulated the FBI on its “capture of the dangerous terrorist, Angela Davis." On January 5, 1971, after several months in jail, Angela Davis appeared at the Marin County Superior Court and declared her innocence before the court and nation: "I now declare publicly before the court, before the people of this country that I am innocent of all charges which have been leveled against me by the state of California." John Abt, general counsel of the Communist Party USA, was one of the first attorneys to represent Davis for her alleged involvement in the shootings.[21] While being held in the Women's Detention Center there, she was initially segregated from the general population, but with the help of her legal team soon obtained a federal court order to get out of the segregated area.[22]

Across the nation, the thousands of people who agreed with her declaration began organizing a liberation movement. In New York City, black writers formed a committee called the Black People in Defense of Angela Davis. By February 1971 more than two hundred local committees in the United States, and sixty-seven in foreign countries worked to liberate Angela Davis from prison. Thanks, in part, to this support, in 1972 the state released her from prison.[17] After spending eighteen months behind bars, Davis was acquitted of all charges by an all-white jury.

On February 23, 1972, Rodger McAfee, a dairy farmer from Caruthers, California with the help of Steve Sparacino, a wealthy business owner, paid her $100,000 bail. Portions of her legal defense expenses were paid for by the Presbyterian Church (UPCNA).[17][23]

During the trial, Davis was sketched by courtroom artists Rosalie Ritz and Walt Stewart.[24]

In 1972, she was tried and the jury returned a verdict of not guilty. The fact that she owned the guns used in the crime was judged not sufficient to establish her responsibility for the plot. Her experience as a prisoner in the US played a key role in convincing her to fight against the “prison industrial complex” that exists in the US.[17] John Lennon and Yoko Ono recorded their song "Angela" on their 1972 album Some Time In New York City in support. The Jazz musician Todd Cochran, also known as Bayete, recorded his song "Free Angela (Thoughts...and all I've got to say)" that same year. The Rolling Stones recorded the song "Sweet Black Angel" on their 1972 album Exile on Main Street.[25]

In Cuba

After her release, Davis visited Cuba following her fellow radicals Huey Newton, Stokely Carmichael, and Assata Shakur. Her reception by Afro-Cubans at a mass rally was so enthusiastic that she was reportedly barely able to speak.[26]

During this visit she also became convinced that “only under socialism could the fight against racism be successfully executed.” During her stay in Cuba, Davis witnessed what she thought was a racism free country which led her to believe that blacks could only achieve racial equality in a socialist society. When she returned to the United States, her socialist leanings increasingly influenced the ways she looked at race struggles within the US.[27]

Aleksander Solzhenitsyn

In a New York City speech on July 9, 1975, Russian dissident and Nobel Laureate Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn told an AFL-CIO meeting that Davis was derelict in supporting prisoners in various socialist countries around the world, given her stark opposition to the U.S. prison system. In particular, Solzhenitsyn claimed that a group of Czech prisoners appealed to Davis for support, which he said she refused to offer.[28] In a speech at East Stroudsburg University in Pennsylvania, Davis denied Solzhenitsyn's claim.[29]

Activism

In 1980 and 1984, Angela Davis ran for Vice-President along with the veteran party leader of the Communist Party, Gus Hall. However, given that the Communist Party lacked support within the US, Davis urged radicals to amass support for the Democratic Party. Revolutionaries must be realists, said Davis in a telephone interview from San Francisco where she was campaigning. During both of the campaigns she was Professor of Ethnic Studies at the San Francisco State University.[30] In 1979 she was also awarded with the Lenin Peace Prize from the Soviet Union for her civil rights activism. She visited Moscow in July of that year to collect the prize.

Angela Davis as honorary guest of the World Festival of Youth and Students in 1973

Davis has continued a career of activism, and has written several books. A principal focus of her current activism is the state of prisons within the United States. She considers herself an abolitionist, not a "prison reformer," and has referred to the United States prison system as the "prison-industrial complex".[31] Davis suggested focusing social efforts on education and building "engaged communities" to solve various social problems now handled through state punishment.[2] Davis was one of the primary founders of Critical Resistance, a national grassroots organization dedicated to building a movement to abolish the prison system.

Bibliography

  • Abolition Democracy: Beyond Prisons, Torture, and Empire, Seven Stories Press (October 1, 2005), ISBN 1583226958.
  • Are Prisons Obsolete?, Open Media, (April 2003), ISBN 1583225811
  • Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday, Vintage Books, (January 26, 1999), ISBN 0679771263
  • Women, Culture & Politics, Vintage, (February 19, 1990), ISBN 0679724877.
  • The Angela Y. Davis Reader, (Joy James, Ed.), Wiley-Blackwell (December 11, 1998), ISBN 0631203613.
  • Women, Race, & Class, (February 12, 1983)
  • Angela Davis: An Autobiography, Random House, (September 1974), ISBN 0394489780
  • If They Come in the Morning: voices of Resistance (New York: Third Press, 1971)
  • 1970's-Joan Little: The Dialectics of Rape(New York: Lang Communications, 1975)
  • The Meaning of Freedom (City Lights, 2012)

Angela Davis interviews and appearances in audiovisual materials

  • 1971
    • Davis, Angela Y. An Interview with Angela Davis. Cassette. Radio Free People, New York, 1971.
    • Myerson, M. "Angela Davis in Prison." Ramparts Magazine March 1971: 20-21.
    • Seigner, Art. Angela Davis: Soul and Soledad. Phonodisc. Flying Dutchman, New York, 1971.
    • Interview with Angela Davis in San Francisco on June, 1970
    • Walker, Joe. Angela Davis Speaks. Phonodisc. Folkways Records, New York, 1971.
  • 1972
    • "Angela Davis Talks about her Future and her Freedom." Jet July 27, 1972: 54- 57.
  • 1977
    • Davis, Angela Y. I am a Black Revolutionary Woman (1971). Phonodisc. Folkways, New York, 1977.
    • Phillips, Esther. Angela Davis Interviews Esther Phillips. Cassette. Pacifica Tape Library, Los Angeles, 1977.
  • 1985
    • Cudjoe, Selwyn. In Conversation with Angela Davis. Videocassette. ETV Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, 1985. 21 minute interview with Angela Davis.
  • 1992
    • Davis, Angela Y. "Women on the Move: Travel Themes in Ma Rainey's Blues" in Borders/diasporas. Sound Recording. University of California, Santa Cruz: Center for Cultural Studies, Santa Cruz, 1992.
  • 2000
    • Davis, Angela Y. The Prison Industrial Complex and its Impact on Communities of Color. Videocassette. University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 2000.
  • 2001
    • Barsamian, D. "Angela Davis: African American Activist on Prison-Industrial Complex." Progressive 65.2 (2001): 33-38.
  • 2002
    • September 11 America: an Interview with Angela Davis." Policing the National Body: Sex, Race, and Criminalization”. Cambridge, Ma.: South End Press, 2002.

Archives

  1. The National United Committee to Free Angela Davis is at the Main Library at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California (A collection of thousands of letters received by the Committee and Davis from people in the US and other countries.)
  2. The complete transcript of her trial, including all appeals and legal memorandum, have been preserved in the Meiklejohn Civil Liberties Library in Berkeley, California.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Angela Davis, Sweetheart of the Far Left, Finds Her Mr. Right". People. July 21, 1980. Retrieved October 20, 2011.
  2. ^ a b c "Interview with Angela Davis". BookTV. 2004-10-03. {{cite episode}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |episodelink= and |serieslink= (help)
  3. ^ Histcon.ucsc.edu[dead link‍]
  4. ^ Davis, Angela Yvonne (1989). "Rocks". Angela Davis: An Autobiography. New York City: International Publishers. ISBN 0717-80667-7. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ^ Aptheker, Bettina (1999). The Morning Breaks: The Trial of Angela Davis (2nd ed.). Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
  6. ^ Kum-Kum Bhavnani, Bhavnani (Spring 1989). "Complexity, Activism, Optimism: An Interview with Angela Y. Davis". Feminist Review (31): 66–81. JSTOR 1395091. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  7. ^ Horowitz, David (Friday, November 10, 2006). "The Political Is Personal". Front Page Magazine. Retrieved February 11, 2011. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month= and |coauthors= (help); More than one of |author= and |last= specified (help)
  8. ^ "Sandiegoreader.com". Sandiegoreader.com. 2007-08-23. Retrieved 2010-10-21.
  9. ^ a b c d e Davis, Angela Yvonne (1989). "Waters". Angela Davis: An Autobiography. New York City: International Publishers. ISBN 0717-80667-7. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  10. ^ Davis, Angela Yvonne (1989). "Flames". Angela Davis: An Autobiography. New York City: International Publishers. ISBN 0717-80667-7. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  11. ^ ""Women Outlaws: Politics of Gender and Resistance in the US Criminal Justice System", SUNY Cortland, Mechthild Nagel". Web.cortland.edu. 2005-05-02. Retrieved 2010-10-21.
  12. ^ "WGS.syr.edu". WGS.syr.edu. Retrieved 2010-10-21.
  13. ^ Google Books. Books.google.com. 1972-05-25. Retrieved 2010-10-21.
  14. ^ Davies, Lwrence (April 28, 2011). "U.C.L.A Teacher is Ousted as Red". The New York Times. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  15. ^ Turner, Wallace (April 28, 2011). "California Regents Drop Communist From Faculty". The New York Times. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  16. ^ "UCLA Barred from Pressing Red's Ouster". The New York Times. April 28, 2011. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  17. ^ a b c d e Aptheker, Bettina (1997). The Morning Breaks: The Trial of Angela Davis. Cornell University Press.
  18. ^ a b "Search broadens for Angela Davis". Eugene Register-Guard. August 17, 1970. Retrieved September 14, 2009. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |name= ignored (help)
  19. ^ __BookTextView/135;pt=125 "Biography". Davis (Angela) Legal Defense Collection, 1970-1972. Retrieved 2007-06-21. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help) [dead link‍]
  20. ^ Charleton, Linda (April 28, 2011). "F.B.I Seizes Angela Davisin Motel Here". The New York Times. Retrieved April 26, 2011.
  21. ^ Abt, John; Myerson, Michael (1993). Advocate and Activist: Memoirs of an American Communist Lawyer. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0252020308, 9780252020308. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: invalid character (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
  22. ^ Davis, Angela Yvonne (1989). "Nets". Angela Davis: An Autobiography. New York City: International Publishers. ISBN 0717-80667-7. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  23. ^ Sol Stern (June 27, 1971). "The Campaign to Free Angela Davis and Ruchell Magee". The New York Times.
  24. ^ Kathleen Maclay, Media Relations (February 8, 2005). ""Two Artists of the Courtroom" on exhibit" (Press release). University of California, Berkeley.
  25. ^ Caldwell, Earl. "Angela Davis Acquitted on All Charges" The New York Times. June 5, 1972. Retrieved on 2008-07-02.
  26. ^ Gott, Richard (2004). Cuba: A New History. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. p. 230. ISBN 0-300-10411-1. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  27. ^ Sawyer, Mark (2006). Racial politics in Post-Revolutionary Cuba. Los Angeles: University of California. pp. 95–97.
  28. ^ Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr (October 1976). Warning to the West. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. pp. 60–61. ISBN 0374513341. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  29. ^ Angela Davis, Q&A after a speech, "Engaging Diversity on Campus: The Curriculum and the Faculty," East Stroudsburg University, Pennsylvania, 15 October 2006.
  30. ^ Brooke, James (July 29, 1984). "Other Women Seeking Number 2 Spot Speak Out". The New York Times. Retrieved April 26, 2011.
  31. ^ Davis, Angela (10 September 1998). "Masked racism: reflections on the prison industrial complex". Color Lines.
Wikiquote has quotations related to Angela Davis.
Party political offices
Preceded by Communist Party USA Vice Presidential candidate
1980 (lost), 1984 (lost) 		Succeeded by
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